Evaluation of a Wellness-Based Mindfulness Stress Reduction Intervention: A Controlled Trial

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Williams ◽  
Maria M. Kolar ◽  
Bill E. Reger ◽  
John C. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Daily Hassles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Symptom Checklist ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Medical Symptoms

Purpose. To determine if participation in a Wellness-Based Mindfulness Stress Reduction intervention decreases the effect of daily hassles, psychological distress, and medical symptoms. Design. A randomized controlled trial of a stress reduction intervention with a 3-month follow-up. Setting. A university setting in West Virginia. Subjects. A total of 103 adults, with 59 in the intervention group and 44 in the control group. Eight-five percent of subjects completed the intervention. Fifty-nine percent and 61% of the intervention and control subjects completed the study, respectively. Intervention. The intervention consisted of an 8-week group stress reduction program in which subjects learned, practiced, and applied “mindfulness meditation” to daily life situations. The control group received educational materials and were encouraged to use community resources for stress management. Measures. The Daily Stress Inventory assessed the effect of daily hassles, the Revised Hopkins Symptom Checklist measured psychological distress, the Medical Symptom Checklist measured number of medical symptoms, and a Follow-up Questionnaire measured program adherence. Results. Intervention subjects reported significant decreases from baseline in effect of daily hassles (24%), psychological distress, (44%), and medical symptoms (46%) that were maintained at the 3-month follow-up compared to control subjects (repeated measures analysis of variance [ANOVA]; p < .05). Conclusions. Self-selected community residents can improve their mental and physical health by participating in a stress reduction intervention offered by a university wellness program.

scholarly journals A Brief Body-Mind-Spirit Group Therapy for Chinese Medicine Stagnation Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siu-man Ng ◽  
Lingli Leng ◽  
Rainbow T. H. Ho ◽  
Zhangjin Zhang ◽  
Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Group Therapy ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Eta Squared ◽  
Physical Distress

Background. Stagnation syndrome, a diagnostic entity in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is characterized by mind-body obstruction-like symptoms. Although TCM has long-established symptom-relief treatments, a comprehensive mind-body intervention was called for. Purpose. The study evaluated the efficacy of a six-session body-mind-spirit (BMS) group therapy for persons with stagnation syndrome. Method. A 2-arm randomized controlled trial design was adopted. The control group received a parallel general TCM instruction course. Both groups completed a pretest (T0), posttest (T1), and 2-month follow-up assessment (T2). The measures included self-report scales on stagnation, depression, anxiety, physical distress, daily functioning, and positive and negative affect; the other measure was of salivary cortisol, a biological marker of stress. Results. Data on 111 adults with stagnation syndrome were included in the analysis. Completion rates were high (over 87%) for both the intervention and control groups. Repeated-measures multivariate MANOVA revealed a significant combined effect with large effect size (eta-squared = 0.42). Repeated-measures ANOVA further revealed that the intervention group showed significant improvements in stagnation, the primary outcome, with medium effect size (eta-squared = 0.11). The intervention group also showed significant improvements in depression, physical distress, everyday functioning, and negative affect (eta-squared = 0.06 to 0.13). Post hoc analysis revealed that the intervention group showed significant improvements over the control group in cortisol level at 2-month follow-up assessment (T0 versus T2) with small effect size (eta-squared = 0.05), but not at posttest (T0 versus T1). Conclusions. Overall, the findings indicate that our brief BMS group therapy intervention for stagnation syndrome is efficacious. Moreover, the intervention resulted in a number of substantial improvements in the physical and mental health domains.

Effect of a narrative intervention on individual-level abortion stigma: a randomised controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjsrh-2021-201055
Author(s):  
Maryl Goldberg Sackeim ◽  
Soo Young Lee ◽  
Sara Newton ◽  
Diane Lauderdale ◽  
Melissa Gilliam
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stigma Scale ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Narrative Intervention ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Score Range

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of a narrative intervention on individual-level abortion stigma in patients undergoing abortion.Study designThis randomised controlled trial examined individual-level abortion stigma and psychological distress among patients undergoing outpatient abortion. Patients were randomised to a narrative intervention verus usual care. The intervention consisted of viewing a digital narrative and responding to a writing prompt. Abortion stigma was measured using the Individual Level Abortion Stigma Scale (ILAS) and psychological distress was assessed with a modified Profile of Mood States-Short Form (POMS-SF) at baseline and after 2 weeks. The primary outcome compared change in ILAS score from baseline to follow-up between groups. The secondary outcome compared change in the modified POMS-SF score.ResultsWe randomised 215 participants. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Overall baseline stigma scores were low. The study groups did not differ significantly in the primary ILAS outcome (mean change=0.07 in both groups with score range 0 to 3.5, 95% CI -0.11 to 0.11, p=0.98). There was also no significant difference in the secondary modified POMS-SF outcome (mean change −0.64 for the intervention group and −0.65 for the control group with score range −8 to 8, 95% CI -1.10 to 1.12, p=0.98). Black participants, comprising the majority, demonstrated lower levels of individual-level abortion stigma and psychological distress at baseline than participants identifying with any other race (mean baseline ILAS score of 0.70 vs 1.00 and mean modified POMS-SF score of −3.00 vs −1.45, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.46 and 95% CI 0.28 to 2.01, p=0.001 and p=0.02, respectively).ConclusionsPatients who participated in a narrative intervention did not score lower on an individual-level abortion stigma scale compared with a control group at 2-week follow-up. Demographic characteristics may predict levels of individual-level abortion stigma and psychological distress among patients seeking abortion.

Evaluating Seeking Safety for Women in Prison: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Tripodi ◽  
Annelise M. Mennicke ◽  
Susan A. McCarter ◽  
Katie Ropes
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Seeking Safety ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Objective: This study assessed the effectiveness of Seeking Safety on depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with incarcerated women. Method: A randomized controlled trial ( N = 40) was used to analyze Seeking Safety’s effectiveness compared to a treatment-as-usual control group. Analyses of covariance were used to assess differences at posttest ( n = 33) and 4-month follow-up ( n = 29) while repeated measures analysis of variance was used to assess the influence of the intervention on changes over time ( n = 29). The researchers also analyzed individual participants’ scores from pretest to 4-month follow-up ( n = 29). Results: Both groups decreased their scores on the Center for Epidemiology Studies–Depression Scale and the PTSD Checklist, although improvement was greater for treatment group participants except for depression at 4-month follow-up. Conclusion: Results support the continued use of Seeking Safety as a helpful corrections-based intervention for women, but more research with larger sample sizes is needed to consider it an effective intervention.

scholarly journals Destress 9-1-1—an online mindfulness-based intervention in reducing stress among emergency medical dispatchers: a randomised controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 705-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Lilly ◽  
Rebecca Calhoun ◽  
Ian Painter ◽  
Randal Beaton ◽  
Scott Stangenes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Emergency Medical Dispatchers

ObjectivesEmergency medical dispatchers (EMDs) experience significant stress in the workplace. Yet, interventions aimed at reducing work-related stress are difficult to implement due to the logistic challenges associated with the relatively unique EMD work environment. This investigation tested the efficacy of a 7-week online mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) tailored to the EMD workforce.MethodsActive-duty EMDs from the USA and Canada (n=323) were randomly assigned to an intervention or wait list control condition. Participants completed surveys of stress and mindfulness at baseline, post intervention, and 3 months follow-up. Repeated measures mixed effects models were used to assess changes in stress and mindfulness.ResultsDifferences between the intervention group and control group in pre–post changes in stress using the Calgary Symptoms of Stress Inventory were statistically significant, with a difference of −10.0 (95% CI: −14.9, −5.2, p<0.001) for change from baseline to post intervention, and a difference of −6.5 (95% CI: −11.9, −1.1, p=0.02) for change from baseline to 3 months follow-up. Change in mindfulness scores did not differ between groups. However, increases in mindfulness scores were correlated with greater reductions in stress for all participants, regardless of group (r=−0.53, p<0.001).ConclusionsDevelopment of tailored online MBIs for employees working in challenging work environments offer a promising direction for prevention and intervention. This study found that a short, weekly online MBI for EMDs resulted in reductions in reports of stress. Implications of online MBIs in other emergency responding populations and directions for future research are discussed.

Comparing the Effectiveness of Existential, Cognitive-Existential, and Humanistic-Existential Group Psychotherapy on Sexual Satisfaction in Women with Type-2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghaffar Nasiri Hanis1 ◽  
Masoud Sadeghi ◽  
Simin Gholamrezaei
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Group Psychotherapy ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Post Test

Aim: The purpose of this research was to study the comparison of the effectiveness of existential, cognitive-existential, and humanistic-existential group psychotherapy on sexual satisfaction among women with type-2 diabetes. Methods: The research was a randomized controlled trial conducted through an experimental method and its experimental design included a pre-test, post-test, with two-month follow-up test with parallel experimental groups and a control group. The research sample population included women with type 2 diabetes referred to Towhid diabetes hospital during the first quarter of 2019. Thirty-two subjects were selected from this population through random sampling and assigned to the two experimental and the control group using random assignment. Data was collected using the Sexual Satisfaction Scale (Meston & Trapnell, 2005). Experimental groups' subjects participated in 9 separate 120-minute weekly groups sessions. Findings: The results of the general linear model with repeated measures test showed that interventions of cognitive-existential and humanistic-existential significantly increased sexual satisfaction compared to the control group (F= 4; P<0/05). The results also showed the greater effect of the cognitive-existential (MD= 6; P<0/05) and humanistic-existential groups (MD= 1; P<0/05) on the post-test and a greater effect of the existential group on the follow-up test (MD= 12; P<0/05). Conclusion: The application of cognitive-existential and humanistic-existential group psychotherapy to increase sexual satisfaction among women with type-2 diabetes is more effective than existential psychotherapy for successful counseling and psychotherapy.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Bibliotherapy on Quality of Life, Distress and Depression among Chronic Leg and Foot Ulcer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Kirupa P. ◽  
Shrinivasa Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
Interventional Group

Chronic leg and foot ulcer is an endangering health issue secondary to chronic venous insufficiency and Diabetes Mellitus. Apart from physical problems, psychological and emotional disturbances were arising as a co morbid conditions, which interfere with recovery and it could be managed by bibliotherapy. Study was focused to ascertain the effectiveness of bibliotherapy on quality of life, psychological distress and depression of these patients in an Indian context. Randomized controlled trial comparison with parallel group design was chosen. Interventional group received usual care along with bibliotherapy and control group received only usual care. Data were collected pretest, post test (1st week), I follow up (2nd week) and II follow up (3rd week). Cardiff wound impact schedule, Kessler’s psychological distress scale and Beck depression inventory were used. Bibliotherapy was prepared by the researcher based on literatures and qualitative study. Setting was limited to the selected hospitals in Mangalore, India. Power analysis estimated sample size as 50 in interventional group and 50 in control group. Findings imply that compared with controls, patients who received bibliotherapy demonstrated improved quality of life, reduced psychological distress and depression. Conclusively, it recommends psychosocial perspectives of these clients should not be neglected and supporting the therapeutic benefit of bibliotherapy in chronic physical illnesses to reduce mental health burden. Key words: Quality of life, Psychological Distress, Depression, Bibliotherapy, Leg and Foot ulcer.

Increasing Life-Space Mobility in Community-Dwelling Older Persons With Cognitive Impairment Following Rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phoebe Ullrich ◽  
Christian Werner ◽  
Martin Bongartz ◽  
Tobias Eckert ◽  
Bastian Abel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Life Space ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Independent Life

Abstract Background Community-dwelling older persons with cognitive impairment (CI) following discharge from geriatric rehabilitation are at high risk of losing life-space mobility (LSM). Interventions to improve their LSM are, however, still lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a CI-specific, home-based physical training and activity promotion program on LSM. Methods Older persons with mild-to-moderate CI (Mini-Mental State Examination: 17–26 points) discharged home from rehabilitation were included in this double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with a 12-week intervention period and 12-week follow-up period. The intervention group received a CI-specific, home-based strength, balance, and walking training supported by tailored motivational strategies. The control group received a placebo activity. LSM was evaluated by the Life-Space Assessment in Persons with Cognitive Impairment, including a composite score for LSM and 3 subscores for maximal, equipment-assisted, and independent life space. Mixed-model repeated-measures analyses were used. Results One hundred eighteen participants (82.3 ± 6.0 years) with CI (Mini-Mental State Examination: 23.3 ± 2.4) were randomized. After the intervention, the home-based training program resulted in a significant benefit in the Life-Space Assessment in Persons with Cognitive Impairment composite scores (b = 8.15; 95% confidence interval: 2.89–13.41; p = .003) and independent life-space subscores (b = 0.39; 95% confidence interval: 0.00–0.78; p = .048) in the intervention group (n = 63) compared to control group (n = 55). Other subscores and follow-up results were not significantly different. Conclusions The home-based training program improved LSM and independent life space significantly in this vulnerable population. Effects were not sustained over the follow-up. The program may represent a model for improved transition from rehabilitation to the community to prevent high risk of LSM restriction.

scholarly journals Anti-adhesion Gel versus No gel following Operative Hysteroscopy prior to Subsequent fertility Treatment or timed InterCourse (AGNOHSTIC), a randomised controlled trial: protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S van Wessel ◽  
T Hamerlynck ◽  
V Schutyser ◽  
C Tomassetti ◽  
C Wyns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Birth ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Fertility Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Operative Hysteroscopy ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract STUDY QUESTIONS Does the application of anti-adhesion gel, compared to no gel, following operative hysteroscopy to treat intrauterine pathology in women wishing to conceive increase the chance of conception leading to live birth? WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) following operative hysteroscopy may impair reproductive success in women of reproductive age. Anti-adhesion barrier gels may decrease the occurrence of IUAs, but the evidence on their effectiveness to improve reproductive outcomes is sparse and of low quality. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This multicentre, parallel group, superiority, blinded and pragmatic randomised controlled trial is being carried out in seven participating centres in Belgium. Recruitment started in April 2019. Women will be randomly allocated to treatment with anti-adhesion gel (intervention group) or no gel (control group). Sterile ultrasound gel will be applied into the vagina as a mock-procedure in both treatment arms. The patient, fertility physician and gynaecologist performing the second-look hysteroscopy are unaware of the allocated treatment. Power analysis, based on a target improvement of 15% in conception leading to live birth using anti-adhesion gel, a power of 85%, a significance level of 5%, and a drop-out rate of 10%, yielded a number of 444 patients to be randomised. The baseline rate of conception leading to live birth in the control group is expected to be 45%. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Women of reproductive age (18–47 years), wishing to conceive (spontaneously or by fertility treatment) and scheduled for operative hysteroscopy to treat intrauterine pathology (endometrial polyps, myomas with uterine cavity deformation, uterine septa, IUAs or retained products of conception) are eligible for recruitment. Women may try to conceive from 3 to 6 weeks after receiving allocated treatment with follow-up ending at 30 weeks after treatment. If the woman fails to conceive within this timeframe, a second-look hysteroscopy will be scheduled within 2–6 weeks to check for IUAs. The primary endpoint is conception leading to live birth, measured at 30 weeks after randomisation. The secondary endpoints are time to conception, clinical pregnancy, miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy rates, measured at 30 weeks after receiving allocated treatment. The long-term follow-up starts when the patient is pregnant and she will be contacted every trimester. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work is funded by the Belgian Healthcare Knowledge Centre (KCE). The anti-adhesion gel is supplied at no cost by Nordic Pharma and without conditions. Dr. Tomassetti reports grants and non-financial support from Merck SA, non-financial support from Ferring SA, personal fees and non-financial support from Gedeon-Richter, outside the submitted work. None of the other authors have a conflict of interest.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Abdominal and Gluteus Medius Training in Lumbo-Pelvic Stability and Adductor Strength in Female Soccer Players. A Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1528
Author(s):  
Héctor Guerrero-Tapia ◽  
Rodrigo Martín-Baeza ◽  
Rubén Cuesta-Barriuso
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Experimental Group

Background. Abdominal and lumbo-pelvic stability alterations may be the origin of lower limb injuries, such as adductor pathology in soccer players. Imbalance can be caused by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial over 8 weeks, 25 female footballers were randomly allocated to an experimental group (isometric abdominal training and gluteus medius-specific training) or a control group (isometric abdominal training). Evaluations were performed at baseline, at the end of the intervention and after a 4-week follow-up period. The exercise protocol in common for both groups included three exercises: Plank, Lateral plank and Bird dog. Specific exercises for the gluteus medius were: Pelvic drop and Stabilization of the gluteus medius in knee valgus. Outcome measures were lumbar-pelvic stability and adductor strength. Results: After the intervention, there was an increase in lumbo-pelvic stability in both groups, being greater in the control group than in the experimental group (mean differences [MD]: 4.84 vs. MD: 9.58; p < 0.01) with differences in the analysis of repeated measures (p < 0.001), but not in group interaction (p = 0.26). Changes were found in adductor strength in the experimental group (MD: −2.48; p < 0.001 in the left adductor; MD: −1.48; p < 0.01 in right adductor) and control group (MD: −1.68; p < 0.001 in the left adductor; MD: −2.05; p < 0.001 in the right adductor) after the intervention, with differences in the analysis of repeated measures in left (p < 0.001) and right (p < 0.001) adductor strength. Conclusions: An abdominal and gluteal training protocol shows no advantage over a protocol of abdominal training alone for lumbo-pelvic stability and adductor strength, while improvements in both variables are maintained at four weeks follow-up.

scholarly journals The effect of online multimedia psychoeducational interventions on the resilience and perceived stress of hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a pilot cluster randomized parallel-controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Shaygan ◽  
Zahra Yazdani ◽  
Adib Valibeygi
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychological Techniques ◽  
Psychological Pressure ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
High Level ◽  
Psychoeducational Interventions

Abstract Background There is evidence suggesting that quarantine might have undesirable psychological impacts on the patients. Therefore, it is important to seek for ways to increase the resilience and alleviate the psychological pressure of the patients who are quarantined due to infection with COVID-19. The present study was conducted to assess an online multimedia psychoeducational intervention regarding the feasibility, adherence, patient satisfaction and effectiveness on resilience and perceived stress of patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19. Method This was a pilot cluster randomized parallel-controlled trial with hospital wards as the units of randomization. Participants in this fully online trial were 50 consecutive patients who were hospitalized in 2 hospitals in Shiraz, after being diagnosed with COVID-19. Before the beginning of the intervention, four inpatient wards inside two of the hospitals were randomly assigned to either intervention or control conditions. All eligible participants in the wards allocated to the intervention condition received online multimedia psychoeducational interventions during the 2 weeks, whilst the patients in the wards allocated to the control condition were offered the opportunity to receive telephone-based psychological counseling if needed. Psychoeducational interventions mainly included cognitive–behavioural techniques, stress management techniques, mindfulness-based stress reduction and positive psychotherapy. The patients were assessed regarding resilience and perceived stress at baseline and after two weeks. Results Of 27 patients starting multimedia psychoeducational interventions, 26 (96.29%) completed post-assessments. A high level of adherence (80.76%) and satisfaction (Mean = 29.42; SD = 4.18) with the online multimedia psychoeducational interventions was found. Compared with the control group, the patients who used online multimedia psychoeducational interventions reported greater resilience (Meanintervention = 81.74; Meancontrol = 72.86; adjusted t (46) = 2.10; p = 0.04; CI: 0.39 to 17.38; dppc2 = 0.83) and fewer perceived stress (Meanintervention = 22.15; Meancontrol = 29.45; adjusted t (46) = 2.66; p = 0.01; CI: − 12.81 to − 1.78; dppc2 = − 0.77) after 2 weeks. Discussion The findings of the present study provided a successful first attempt at implementing feasible online multimedia psychoeducational interventions to promote resilience and mitigate stress among the patients who were hospitalized due to infection with COVID-19. The present results could help mental health professionals to determine which psychological techniques should be emphasized to promote patients’ resilience in the context of COVID-19 disease. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT20201001048893N1. Retrospectively registered, 29 Jan 2021.

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