“I Am Not Punjabi, My Parents Are”: Degradation of the Language of Dominant Majority

Due to social and geographical mobility and globalization, many minority languages in the world are pushed to the periphery. Reasons for such a trend differ among languages. In the case of the Punjabi language, despite being spoken by a major portion of the population, the speakers are gradually disowning it. Considering this gradual shift, the present study explores the predicament of the Punjabi language. The study uses phenomenological design and collects data from Punjabi ethnic students in four different universities in Islamabad. The study uses semi-structured interviews, TV shows, and natural conversations. Findings reveal that the Punjabi speakers themselves disown their language as well as Punjabi identity due to social, economic, religious, and political reasons. Especially women avoid the language more, they do not speak Punjabi with their children, and they reject their Punjabi identity.

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Perceptions towards the practice of Andean traditional medicine and the challenges of its integration with modern medicine. Case Cuenca, Ecuador

MASKANA ◽

10.18537/mskn.12.01.03 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 26-34

Author(s):

Adriana Orellana-Paucar ◽

Valeria Quinche-Guillén ◽

Danilo Garzón-López ◽

Rafaella Ansaloni ◽

Geovanny Barrera-Luna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traditional Medicine ◽

National Health System ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

World Health ◽

Main Theme ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization ◽

Phenomenological Design

There is currently a resurgent interest in traditional medicine. The World Health Organization suggested applying strategies for its proper integration into the National Health System. This study seeks to know and understand the opportunities and challenges of the practice of Andean traditional medicine (ATM) in Cuenca (Ecuador) within the context of a possible integration with modern medicine (MM) from the perspective of healers, physicians, and users. The study is qualitative and has a phenomenological design. Convenience and snowball sampling was applied to select participants for focus groups, individual semi-structured interviews, and individual non-participatory observations. The information was qualitatively processed, and the findings categorized into 2 major themes (a. Opportunities in the practice of ATM, and b. Challenges in the potential integration of ATM in MM) and 14 associated subthemes, respectively 6 in the first main theme and 8 in the second main theme. Participants characterized the strengths and weaknesses in integrating Andean traditional medicine with modern medicine. Findings suggest that an appropriate integration of ATM with MM request a government regulatory framework encouraging the protection of ancestral wisdom and biodiversity, a safe and rational application of joint therapies, and research development in the area.

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Human Rights and Minority Languages: Immigrants’ Perspectives in Greece

Review of European Studies ◽

10.5539/res.v13n1p55 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 55

Author(s):

Argyro-Maria Skourmalla ◽

Marina Sounoglou

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Educational Systems ◽

Minority Populations ◽

Minority Languages ◽

Language Policies ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

The World ◽

Linguistic Human Rights ◽

Policy And Planning

Human rights and their fortification through conventions and treaties are thought to be one of the greatest achievements of the previous century. A very important category of human rights is the Linguistic Human Rights (LHR). Linguistic Human Rights are connected to basic human rights and are of great importance in policy and planning. There have been numerous researches on language policies and in educational systems around the world. However, minority populations’ opinion, for example refugees’ opinion, is rarely represented in these researches. The present research aims at exploring the existing language policies in Greece in reference to minority languages. For the needs of this research six adult refugees participated in short semi-structured interviews. Even though participants seemed to be unaware of the term “Linguistic Human Rights”, most of them referred to the difficulty they have in exercising major human rights due to the monolingual policies that are followed in Greece. Taking into consideration the importance of Linguistic Human Rights and people’s need to use their mother language(s) in Greece, the last part of this research includes suggestions and ideas towards multilingual practices that come from different countries around the world.

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Lyon – UNESCO’s Creative City of Gastronomy?

TRANSNATIONAL MARKETING JOURNAL ◽

10.33182/tmj.v4i2.395 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 126-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cecilia Avelino Barbosa

Keyword(s):

Cultural Industries ◽

Brand Positioning ◽

City Branding ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Creative Cities ◽

Marketing Program ◽

Creative City ◽

Territorial Marketing ◽

The World ◽

The City

The fast urbanization in many regions of the world has generated a high competition between cities. In the race for investments and for international presence, some cities have increasingly resorting to the territorial marketing techniques like city branding. One of the strategies of recent years has been to use of creativity and / or labeling of creative city for the promotion of its destination. This phenomenon raises a question whether the city branding programs have worked in accordance with the cultural industries of the territory or if such labels influence the thought of tourists and locals. This paper begins by placing a consideration of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN) and the strategies of the Territorial Marketing Program of the city of Lyon in France, Only Lyon. It also raises the question the perception of the target public to each of the current actions through semi-structured interviews which were applied between May and August 2015. Finally, I will try to open a discussion the brand positioning adopted by the city of Lyon

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EXPLORING EX-ANTE IMPACTS AND SOCIAL AND SPORTIVE CHALLENGES OF HOSTING A FUTURE NEW INTERNATIONAL MAJOR EVENT: A CASE STUDY OF THE WORLD ROLLER GAMES IN BARCELONA

Event Management ◽

10.3727/152599519x15506259856246 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Albert Saló ◽

Laia López

Keyword(s):

Social Economic ◽

Research Question ◽

City Image ◽

Local Council ◽

The World ◽

Future Consequences ◽

Mega Event ◽

The City ◽

The Postponement

Research Question: This analysis arises from the decision of the current local council of Barcelona regarding the postponement of the sporting mega-event ‘World Roller Games’, due to a lack of a social and sportive implication in this event. This research tries to shed some light on the matter and give evidence to the local council to become the world capital of skating. The research question is to analyse whether non-economic impacts could be relevant enough to organise a mega-event.Research Methods: The methodology is based on the perception and experience of spectators and participants on four main impacts (social, economic, sports city image and sports practice) using a survey from a National Roller Skating Championship in Spain, considering that this profile of respondents have a better knowledge of the current situation of this sport.Results and Findings: There are positive expected future consequences of this mega-event to be held in Barcelona in social and sportive terms. We can also conclude that the local council must still introduce some social and sportive policies in the city in order to improve the chances of success in social, sports practice and sportive brand image development.Implications: It is demonstrated that a mega-event should not be seen purely from a perspective of business generation, especially with minority sports like roller skating. There is a clear opportunity to develop social and sportive practice initiatives that can push social cohesion throughout the city thanks to a mega-event such as this one.

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The First Half of the Twentieth Century

10.1093/oso/9780198819516.003.0004 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Alexander Gillespie

Keyword(s):

Habitat Management ◽

Social Economic ◽

Chemical Pollution ◽

Freshwater Conservation ◽

The Great Depression ◽

Negative Results ◽

The Social ◽

The World ◽

The One ◽

The Welfare State

The years between 1900 and 1945 were very difficult for humanity. In this period, not only were there two world wars to survive but also some of the worst parts of the social, economic, and environmental challenges of sustainable development all began to make themselves felt. The one area in which progress was made was in the social context, in which the rights of workers and the welfare state expanded. The idea of ‘development’, especially for the developing world, also evolved in this period. In the economic arena, the world went up, and then crashed in the Great Depression, producing negative results that were unprecedented. In environmental terms, positive templates were created for some habitat management, some wildlife law, and parts of freshwater conservation. Where there was not so much success was with regard to air and chemical pollution.

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The Struggle for Public Recognition: Understanding Early Marriage through the Lens of Honour and Shame in Six Countries in South Asia and West Africa

Progress in Development Studies ◽

10.1177/1464993420977790 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 328-346

Author(s):

Esther Miedema ◽

Winny Koster ◽

Nicky Pouw ◽

Philippe Meyer ◽

Albena Sotirova

Keyword(s):

International Development ◽

Female Sexuality ◽

Social Economic ◽

Early Marriage ◽

Social Standing ◽

Public Recognition ◽

The World ◽

Economic Future ◽

Different Parts

There is a burgeoning body of research on the role of ‘shame’ and ‘honour’ in decisions regarding early marriage in different parts of the world. Conceptualizing shame and honour as idioms through which gendered socio-economic inequalities are created and maintained, we examine early marriage decisions in Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Ghana, Burkina Faso and Senegal. While we acknowledge the existence of important differences between countries in terms of the nature and manifestations of shame and honour, we argue that regardless of setting, neither shame and honour, nor female sexuality and chastity can be separated from the socio-economic hierarchies and inequalities. Thus, in this article we seek to identify the cross-cutting dynamic of marriage as a means to overcome the shame associated with young single women’s sexuality, protecting family honour and social standing, and/or securing young women’s social-economic future. Building on our data and available scholarship, we question the potential of emphasizing ‘choice’ as a means of reducing early marriage and advancing women’s emancipation in international development efforts. Instead, we argue in favour of initiatives that engage with young people and caregivers on the ways in which, at grassroot levels, communities may revise narratives of respectability, marriageability and social standing.

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‘I was really, really shocked’: A sociological exploration of the transition experiences of English Youth Academy male footballers from school to work

International Review for the Sociology of Sport ◽

10.1177/10126902211005441 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101269022110054

Author(s):

Nicola Hague ◽

Graeme Law

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Thematic Analysis ◽

School To Work ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Professional Career ◽

Professional Experiences ◽

Transitional Experiences ◽

The World ◽

Different Types

The world of football arguably brings together and unites people in support of their teams and countries, while inspiring young children and adolescents to dream of a professional career. Existing research in the field has sought to begin to understand what professional footballers experience on their journey through the game. However, much of this UK-based research has focused on first team players and their professional experiences, including transitions from youth team to first team and to retirement. This study, therefore, aimed to examine players during their youth academy scholarship at one English Championship club. This study focused on the transitional experiences of youth players from school to the academy and their resulting embodying of a footballer’s identity. Twelve semi-structured interviews with players aged 17–19, were conducted and then analysed by thematic analysis using figurational sociology concepts. Three different types of transition were identified. Among other reasons, early specialisation in football was a prevalent factor that partly influenced the way the players experienced their transition. The transition into the academy coincided with the transition from youth to adulthood that was arguably anything but linear as players managed the dominant sub-cultures present in the club.

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The Key Strategies to Implement Circular Economy in Building Projects—A Case Study of Taiwan

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13020754 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 754

Author(s):

H.-Ping Tserng ◽

Cheng-Mo Chou ◽

Yun-Tsui Chang

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

Circular Economy ◽

Building Industry ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Pilot Projects ◽

Building Projects ◽

The World ◽

Project Phases ◽

Future Project

The building industry is blamed for consuming enormous natural resources and creating massive solid waste worldwide. In response to this, the concept of circular economy (CE) has gained much attention in the sector in recent years. Many pilot building projects that implemented CE concepts started to appear around the world, including Taiwan. However, compared with the pilot projects in the Netherlands, which are regarded as the pioneer ones by international society, many CE-related practices are not implemented in pilot cases in Taiwan. To assist future project stakeholders to recognize what the key CE-related practices are and how they could be implemented in their building projects in Taiwan, this study has conducted a series of case studies of Dutch and Taiwanese pilot projects and semi-structured interviews with key project stakeholders of Taiwanese pilot projects. Thirty key CE-related practices are identified via case studies, along with their related 5R principles (Rethink, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle) and project phases. Suggestion on CE-related practices, their 5R principles, project items, and phases to implement in building projects in Taiwan is also proposed while discussion on differences between two countries’ pilot projects is presented.

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Long Hours, Uneasy Feelings: Parliamentary Work in Denmark, Finland and Sweden

Parliamentary Affairs ◽

10.1093/pa/gsab022 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mona Mannevuo ◽

Jenni M Rinne ◽

Isak Vento

Keyword(s):

Cultural Studies ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

Nordic Countries ◽

Political Agency ◽

Work Culture ◽

Vicious Cycle ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Psychological Strain ◽

Work Pressure ◽

The World

AbstractPoliticians’ work pressure is gaining more attention in parliamentary studies. To participate in the discussion about governing under pressure, this article offers an interdisciplinary approach to investigate how representatives navigate within a flexible, limitless work culture. This article presents a new inquiry to re-examine contemporary political agency by combining cultural studies theories with empirical insights in Nordic countries. By analysing 52 semi-structured interviews with MPs in Denmark, Finland and Sweden, the study finds that politics attracts people who want to change the world, but these attributes may initiate a vicious cycle, taking the form of psychological strain.

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Las Yslas de Esperar en Dios: The Jesuit Mission in Moro 1546–1571

Modern Asian Studies ◽

10.1017/s0026749x00009707 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 593-606

Author(s):

John Villiers

Keyword(s):

Sixteenth Century ◽

Social Economic ◽

Narrative Form ◽

Society Of Jesus ◽

The Social ◽

The World ◽

History Of ◽

Political Conditions ◽

Jesuit Missionaries ◽

Mission Field

The numerous and voluminous reports and letters which the Jesuits wrote on the Moro mission, as on all their missions in Asia, are perhaps of less interest to us now for what they reveal of the methods adopted by the Society of Jesus in this remote corner of their mission field or the details they contain about the successes and failures of individual missionaries, than for the wealth of information they provide on the islands where the Jesuits lived and the indigenous societies with which they came into contact through their work of evangelization. In other words, it is not theprimary purpose of this essay to analyse the Jesuit documents with a view to reconstructing the history of the Moro mission in narrative form but rather to glean from them some of the informationthey contain about the social and political conditions in Moro during the forty years or so in the sixteenth century when both the Jesuit missionaries and the Portuguese were active in the regio Because the Jesuits were often in close touch with local rulers and notables, whether or not they succeeded in converting them to Christianity, and because they lived among their subjects for long periods, depending upon them for the necessities of life and sharing their hardships, their letters and reports often show a deeper understanding of the social, economic and political conditions of the indigenous societies and, one suspects, give a more accurate and measured account of events and personalities than do the official chroniclers and historians of the time, most of whom never ventured further east than Malacca and who in any case were chiefly concerned to glorify the deeds of the Portuguese and justify their actions to the world.

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