scholarly journals Transmission of Han Pictorial Motifs into the Western Periphery

Asian Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-86
Author(s):  
Nataša Vampelj Suhadolnik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Funerary Art ◽  
Regional Pattern ◽  
Central Plains ◽  
Unique Pattern ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Different Parts

This paper examines the ways in which Fuxi and Nüwa were depicted inside the mural tombs of the Wei-Jin dynasties along the Hexi Corridor as compared to their Han counterparts from the Central Plains. Pursuing typological, stylistic, and iconographic approaches, it investigates how the western periphery inherited the knowledge of the divine pair and further discusses the transition of the iconographic and stylistic design of both deities from the Han (206 BCE–220 CE) to the Wei and Western Jin dynasties (220–316). Furthermore, examining the origins of the migrants on the basis of historical records, it also attempts to discuss the possible regional connections and migration from different parts of the Chinese central territory to the western periphery. On the basis of these approaches, it reveals that the depiction of Fuxi and Nüwa in Gansu area was modelled on the Shandong regional pattern and further evolved into a unique pattern formed by an iconographic conglomeration of all attributes and other physical characteristics. Accordingly, the Shandong region style not only spread to surrounding areas in the central Chinese territory but even to the more remote border regions, where it became the model for funerary art motifs. Based on both approaches, it reveals that the depiction of Fuxi and Nüwa in Gansu area was modelled on the Shandong regional pattern and further evolved into a unique pattern of an iconographic conglomeration of all attributes and other physical characteristics. Accordingly, the Shandong region style not only spread to surrounding areas in the central Chinese territory but even to the more remote border regions, where it became the model for funerary art motifs.

scholarly journals Cryptic speciation in the Warbling Vireo (Vireo gilvus)

The Auk ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott F Lovell ◽  
M Ross Lein ◽  
Sean M Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Contact Zone ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Dna Evidence ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Abstract Eastern (Vireo gilvus gilvus) and western (V. g. swainsoni) forms of the Warbling Vireo have essentially allopatric breeding ranges across north-central North America, but come into contact in central Alberta, Canada. In 1986, Jon Barlow presented preliminary morphological and song evidence suggesting that the Warbling Vireo complex might comprise more than one valid species. However, to date, Barlow’s suggestion is supported by only limited DNA evidence, demonstration of molt and migration differences between the taxa, and anecdotal accounts of differences in song, morphology, plumage, and ecology. We analyzed variation in both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA in birds from Alberta and surrounding areas to determine the levels of genetic differentiation and hybridization occurring in the contact zone, and whether the two taxa warrant recognition as separate biological species. Our analyses reveal that Warbling Vireos in Alberta and the surrounding areas are separated into two well-defined, genetically differentiated, and monophyletic clades corresponding to previously recognized taxonomic groups. The two taxa come into contact in a narrow (~85 km) zone in Barrhead County, northwest of Edmonton, Alberta. They show evidence of limited hybridization. The distinct genetic differences are maintained in the contact zone, where individuals of the two taxa may occupy neighboring territories. Differences in spring arrival dates, molt schedules, and migration routes indicate that a migratory divide may play an important role in reproductive isolation. We suggest that the two taxa are distinct cryptic species: an eastern form, Vireo gilvus, and a western form, Vireo swainsoni.

scholarly journals Terra sigillata in southern Latium. The evidence from the Pontine Region Project, 1987-2014

2021 ◽  
pp. 203-272
Author(s):  
G.W. Tol ◽  
T.C.A. De Haas ◽  
P.A.J. Attema
Keyword(s):  
Market Integration ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Economic Networks ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Geomorphological Units ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
Different Parts

This contribution is the first of a series of publications by the authors to systematically disclose the wealth of material evidence collected during some 30 years of fieldwork in the Pontine region by the Pontine Region Project. This project has, since its inception in the mid-1980s, investigated more than 36 km2 of terrain across all major geomorphological units of the region, largely by means of systematic surface investigations. During these investigations, close to 200 000 artefacts were collected for further study, including c. 1 660 fragments of (Italian) terra sigillata, the emblematic, shiny red fine table ware of the Early Imperial period. In this article, we present a detailed spatial and contextual analysis of the terra sigillata fragments that have been gathered within the Pontine Region Project and discuss the results in light of economic issues (market integration, economic growth). We then supplement this evidence by published evidence of name stamps from surrounding areas to further expose to what extent, and in what ways, the different parts of southern Latium were embedded in the long-distance economic networks of the period.

Conclusion

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Castillo-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Colorado River ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Assembly Plants ◽  
Looking Back ◽  
Different Parts

This chapter summarizes key themes and presents some final thoughts. Looking back at how Baja California was transformed from a backwater to one of the most productive regions in northern Mexico, one could easily conclude that foreign investment was a catalyst for Baja California's dramatic economic success. But this is only part of the story. This book demonstrates that intermarriage, land reform, and migration were vital to the development of the Baja California peninsula and the Mexican borderlands. Without Asian, mestizo, and indigenous workers, it would have been impossible for the Compagnie du Boleo and the the Colorado River Land Company to become some of the most productive enterprises in Latin America. In the post NAFTA era, Baja California continues to be a strategic place for commerce and migration. The boom of maquilas (assembly plants) and agribusinesses persist in attracting migrant workers from different parts of Mexico.

Maori and Alcohol: A Reconsidered History

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Mancall ◽  
Paul Robertson ◽  
Terry Huriwai
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
European Contact ◽  
History Of ◽  
Alcohol Related Harm ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Related Harm ◽  
Different Parts

Objective: To document aspects of the history of alcohol use among Maori, with a particular focus on the period from 1840 to 1872 and to identify potential use of this knowledge in the development of strategies for the prevention and treatment of alcohol-related harm among Maori in contemporary New Zealand. Method: A survey of the surviving documentation about alcohol in nineteenth-century New Zealand; materials were predominantly drawn from the writings of pakeha (non-Maori) missionaries, officials and travellers, as well as available statistical records. Results: Analysis of early written historical records suggests significant variation in the response of Maori to the introduction of alcohol in different parts of New Zealand during the period following European contact. Conclusions: One stereotype that has arisen suggests Maori have been incapable of and/or unable to manage the production and use of alcohol. On the other hand, another commonly held belief has been that Maori supported abstinence or ‘resisted alcohol’ because they recognised its ‘ruinous nature’ and because it was contrary to traditional custom and practices. Historical information indicates that the Maori response to the introduction of alcohol was in fact diverse and for much of the nineteenth century alcohol was non-problematic for many Maori. This reinterpretation of the historical record can potentially empower contemporary Maori to take greater responsibility for the use of alcohol. It also challenges the negativity of the stereotypes generated by historical misinformation.

Livelihoods and Mobility in the Border Regions of Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
pp. 268-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Economic Pressure ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Livelihood Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pressure Impact ◽  
Key Sites ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Political Turmoil ◽  
Wealth Group

Ethiopia’s borderlands are key sites of population mobility and migration. Not only do these areas host most of the 800,000 refugees who have entered Ethiopia from neighbouring countries, they also are home to populations whose movements are heavily influenced by the livelihoods, trade, environment, and border management regimes working in their areas. These systems create opportunities for, and blockages to, movement within borderlands and across the country’s borders. This chapter analyses the social, political, and economic influences on mobility decisions in the border regions of Ethiopia. It considers the ways that these decisions are undertaken differently according to gender, youth, and wealth group, given the different resources and constraints that people face at individual and group levels. The chapter also considers the ways in which shocks—including natural hazards, violence, political turmoil, or economic pressure—impact upon livelihood systems and influence mobility decisions.

Regional Interdependence and Migration in Asia

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 347-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Bae Kim
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
The Political ◽  
Regional Pattern ◽  
Regional Stability ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
Regional Interdependence ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Source Countries ◽  
Trade And Investment

The 1980s witnessed increasing regional interdependence in Asia through trade and investment. Increasing flows of labor within the region, however, raise questions about three important issues: (1)the assumption that trade, investment and aid will eventually mitigate migration pressure in source countries and the effectiveness of migration policies based on that assumption; (2)whether increasing regional interdependence stimulates or deters migration; (3)the effect of rising interdependence on the political and international relations aspects of migration. As a partial attempt to address these questions, this article examines the regional pattern of economic interdependence by utilizing information concerning trade, investment and migration flows. The concept of interdependence/dependence is discussed within a political context, focusing on migration and policy responses to it. Observations are made on the implications for regional stability and development.

scholarly journals CRIMINAL RECORDS OF VIOLENCE INVOLVING VENEZUELANS IN NORTH BRAZIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Ananiades Cornacchia ◽  
Gilberto de Paiva Carvalho ◽  
Rafael Araújo ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Miamoto Dias ◽  
Ademir Franco
Keyword(s):  
Border Region ◽  
Social Strategies ◽  
Bodily Integrity ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
North Brazil ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The City

Introduction: Refugee crisis is a problem faced worldwide. The large borders with neighbouring countries make Brazil a potential destination for most of those seeking for a new life in South America. Venezuela currently fights the worst humanitarian crisis in the history of the country, and migration to Brazil emerges as an option. Living in border regions, these people are more susceptible to violence. Objective: This study aimed to revisit the medico-legal records of a city in North Brazil to calculate rates of Venezuelans involved in situations of violence. Material and methods: Medico-legal records of the city of Pacaraima, Roraima, Brazil, dated from 2013 and 2018, were revisited. The nationality of victims and perpetrators of violent actions were noted as well as the type of crime. Results: In 2013 (n = 86, 39.3%) and 2018 (n = 133, 60.7%), 219 forensic records were documented. Venezuelans were involved in 63 forensic reports (28.7%) – one in 2013 and 62 in 2018. Most of the reports were related to bodily integrity investigations (n = 169, 77.2%). Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of building-up social strategies to support Venezuelans and Brazilians living in the city of Pacaraima, as the number of forensic reports increased 54.7% from 2013 to 2018. This data might reflect the increase of violence in the border region, in which Venezuelans and Brazilians may figure as victims and perpetrators.

scholarly journals ORIENTATIONS AND ATTITUDES OF THE PERCEPTION OF INTER-ETHNIC AND INTERCONFESSIONAL RELATIONS BY WORKING YOUTH IN THE KUBAN AND THE CRIMEA

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5/2) ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Andrey V. BARANOV ◽  
Maria V. DONTSOVA ◽  
Victor A. CHIGRIN
Keyword(s):  
Actual Problem ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Interfaith Relations ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The City ◽  
Empirical Material

The article reveals the actual problem of young people’s public opinion about interethnic and interfaith relations in multicultural border regions of Russia, which are exposed to the increased impact of cross-border threats to information security. The purpose of this article is to identify the similarities and differences in the orientations and attitudes of perception of interethnic and interfaith relations by the working youth of Krasnodar Region and the Republic of Crimea. The study was conducted on the basis of the results of questionnaire sociological surveys synchronously implemented in the Kuban and in the Crimea (August – October 2018). The novelty of the article lies in the choice of its purpose, the subject of the research and the collected empirical material. As a result of the work, conclusions were drawn about the increased conflictiness of interethnic and interfaith mutual perceptions of working youth in the Republic of Crimea, about the predominance of socio-cultural delimitation “Slavs – Crimean Tatars”, which largely coincides with confessional disengagement. Ethnic distances on the scale of E. Bogardus in the Crimea are clearly pronounced asymmetrical. The area of increased conflict is established in the Dzhankoy district and the city of Simferopol with suburbs. Migration processes and migration policies are perceived by the working youth of Crimea as a less controversial and ethnically marked process than the youth of Kuban.

scholarly journals Spectrum of Camel Evolution and its Impact on Ancient Human Migration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indu Sharma ◽  
Jyotsna Sharma ◽  
Sachin Kumar ◽  
Hemender Singh ◽  
Varun Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Migration Pattern ◽  
Human Migration ◽  
Genetic Affinity ◽  
The World ◽  
Silk Route ◽  
Bactrian Camels ◽  
Second Millennium Bce ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Different Parts

The Evolutionary history and domestication of Camels are largely unexplored because of the lack of well dated early archaeological records. However, limited records suggest that domestication of Camels likely happened in the late second millennium BCE. Over the time, camels have helped human for their basic needs like meat, milk, wool, dung to long routes transportation. This multifaceted animal has helped the mankind to connect through continents and in trade majorly through the Silk route. In India, both dromedary and Bactrian camels are found and their habitat is entirely different from each other, dromedaries inhabit in hot deserts and Bactrians are found mostly in cold places (Nubra Valley, Ladakh). Fewer studies on Indian dromedaries have been conducted but no such studies are done on Bactrian camels. It is needed to study the genetics of Bactrian camels to find out their genetic affinity and evolutionary history with other Bactrians found in different parts of the world. Furthermore, parallel studies on humans and Bactrian camel are required to understand the co-evolution and migration pattern of humans during their dispersal in different time periods.

Socio-economic differentiation of the regions of Russia’s Western borderland

2019 ◽  
pp. 2019-2019
Author(s):  
G. M. Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Sectoral Structure ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Economic Growth Rates

Russia’s western borderlands comprise seventeen constituent entities of the Russian Federation, located along its western land and maritime border. Ten of them were border regions before the demise of the USSR; they belonged to the so-called group of «Old borderlands». The remaining seven are part of «the New borderlands». They are located along the land border with Estonia, Latvia, Belarus and Ukraine. In the “Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025” all of them are regarded as geostrategic territories, which require special attention to ensure their economic security. The border location affects their socio-economic development, which largely depends on the ratio of the contact and barrier functions of the borders between Russia and its neighbouring countries. Border regions differ significantly in their natural conditions, the level of economic and social development, their sectoral structure, economic growth rates, the quality of life and migration flows. Using a set of indicators, reflecting the above characteristics, five types of regions and four subtypes have been identified. Even though there are some features common for all regions of Russia’s western borderlands, each of them requires a separate approach to the implementation of the federal policy and the justification of its development strategy.

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