scholarly journals Ulucak Höyük

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 96-109
Author(s):  
Özlem Çevik ◽  
Osman Vuruşkan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Developmental Sequence ◽  
Wide Region ◽  
Continuous Technology ◽  
Neolithic Pottery

It has been increasingly clear that pottery was adopted as a continuous technology during the first quarter of the 7th millennium BC in a wide region, from Upper Mesopotamia through Central Anatolia and the Lakes District region. However, the absence of pottery in the basal level at Ulucak Höyük shows the presence of a pre-ceramic sequence in western Anatolia, before c. 6600/6500 cal BC. This article discusses the earliest pottery assemblage from Ulucak (6600/6500–6200 cal BC) and compares it with the later ceramic sequences at the site. Ultimately, the functional and typological developmental sequence of Neolithic pottery at Ulucak Höyük and its temporo-spatial relations with other Neolithic sites in Anatolia will be assessed.

«Cimmero-Scythian» antiquities from Central Anatolia

2021 ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Makhortykh
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Significant Concentration

Central Anatolia is one of the regions of Western Asia, where the most significant concentration of archaeological materials connected with the Eurasian nomads of the early Scythian time is recorded. The flat plains of Central Anatolia had good pastures and served as a space where different cultures communicated with each other since ancient times. In the 7th–6th centuries BC this territory was located between Western Anatolia with Lydia and the eastern Greek centers and Eastern Anatolia, which was the zone of interest of the Urartu and Assyria. Small local "principalities" were localized here. These principalities were  probably controlled by well-armed and mobile nomads, who used this territory as a base for raids on neighboring as well as more  distant regions. An important and most numerous category of nomad inventory coming from the region is constituted by bronze socketed arrowheads found in burials in the province of Amasya, Imirler, Gordion and on the local settlements (Boğazköy, Kaman-Kalehöyük, Kerkenez Dağ). The article introduces their typology and provides analogies coming from the Eurasian monuments of the 7th–6th centuries BC. The study of early nomadic complexes from Anatolia shows theirsyncretic nature, which is influenced by artifacts of the Cimmerian, Scythian, and Сentral Asian origin as well as the local Near Eastern items. It highlights the complex ethnic composition of the nomadic groups located here in the 7th–6th centuries BC that does not allow attributing all these materials to a single group, for example, the Cimmerians.

scholarly journals Active tectonics of the Eastern Mediterranean region: deduced from GPS, neotectonic and seismicity data

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Barka ◽  
R. Reilinger
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Slip Rate ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Eastern Anatolia ◽  
Gps Measurements ◽  
Isparta Angle

This paper reviews the main tectonic features of the Eastern Mediterranean region combining the recent information obtained from GPS measurements, seismicity and neotectonic studies. GPS measurements reveal that the Arabian plate moves northward with respect to Eurasia at a rate of 23 ± 1 mm/yr, 10 mm/yr of this rate is taken up by shortening in the Caucasus. The internal deformation in Eastern Anatolia by conjugate strike-slip faulting and E-W trending thrusts, including the Bitlis frontal thrust, accommodates approximately a 15 mm/yr slip rate. The Northeast Anatolian fault, which extends from the Erzincan basin to Caucasus accommodates about 8 ± 5 mm/yr of left-lateral motion. The neotectonic fault pattern in Eastern Anatolia suggests that the NE Anatolian block moves in an E-ENE direction towards the South Caspian Sea. According to the same data, the Anatolian-Aegean block is undergoing a counter-clockwise rotation. However, from the residuals it appears that this solution can only be taken as a preliminary approximation. The Eulerian rotation pole indicates that slip rate along the North Anatolian fault is about 26 ± 3 mm/yr. This value is 10 mm/yr higher than slip rates obtained from geological data and historical earthquake records and it includes westward drift of the Pontides of a few millimetres/year or more. GPS measurements reveal that the East Anatolian fault accommodates an 11 ± 1 mm/yr relative motion. GPS data suggest that Central Anatolia behaves as a rigid block, but from neotectonic studies, it clearly appears that it is sliced by a number of conjugate strike-slip faults. The Isparta Angle area might be considered a major obstacle for the westward motion of the Anatolian block (Central and Eastern Anatolia). The western flank of this geological structure, the Fethiye-Burdur fault zone appears to be a major boundary with a slip rate of 15-20 mm/yr. The Western Anatolian grabens take up a total of 15 mm/yr NE-SW extension. The fact that motions in Central Anatolia relative to Eurasia, are 15-20 mm/yr while in Western Anatolia and Aegean Sea they are 30-40 mm/yr could suggest that Western Anatolia decouples from Central Anatolia and the Isparta Angle by the Fethiye-Burdur fault zone and Eski?ehir fault. It is also hypothesized that the differentiation of tectonic styles and velocities in the Anatolian-Aegean block are related to differences between the slabs lying under the Cyprus and Hellenic arcs.

Western Anatolian Record of Subduction Initiation through Collision

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Mueller ◽  
Alexis Licht ◽  
Faruk Ocakoğlu ◽  
Clay Campbell ◽  
Mustafa Kaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Geodynamic Evolution ◽  
Subduction Initiation ◽  
Accommodation Space ◽  
Slab Breakoff ◽  
Magmatic History ◽  
Collision Models

<p>The 1,700-km-long Izmir-Ankara-Erzincan suture (IAES) in Anatolia (Turkey) marks where Gondwanan and Laurasian microcontinents collided during the Cretaceous and Paleogene. The timing and dynamics of subduction and collision along the IAES are poorly constrained resulting in competitive paleogeographic scenarios requiring unique geodynamic and biogeographic reconstructions of the Mediterranean domain and broader Alpine-Zagros-Himalayan orogen. In western Anatolia, orogenic development following subduction initiation has been poorly documented. The timing of collision is debated: sometime in the Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene. Eocene slab breakoff is inferred from geochemical data but is either not supported or unresolved in mantle tomography and has not been tested using other techniques. </p><p>We use the Saricakaya and Central Sakarya Basins in western Anatolia to appraise models of subduction initiation, intercontinental collision and slab breakoff in northwest Turkey and to discuss the implications of our results for geodynamic evolution of the IAES. From measured sections, volcanic zircon geochronology, and sedimentary provenance proxies, we demonstrate that there was little topographic development associated with early subduction stages. We refine the age of intercontinental collision to the Maastrichtian-middle Paleocene. We challenge the interpretation of Eocene slab breakoff and provide a new model of syncollisional evolution in western Anatolia in which convergence, underthrusting, and accommodation space creation dominate during the early Eocene. </p><p>Finally, we compare results in western Anatolia to central Anatolia to determine that there was a synchronous magmatic history and onset of deformation along the IAES, thus supporting synchronous collision models of the IAES. The location, chronology and style of deformation and topographic development in western Anatolia is an important counterpoint to popular orogenic cyclicity models.</p>

Reassessing western and central Anatolian Early Bronze Age sealing practices: a case from Boz Höyük (Afyon)

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
Michele Massa ◽  
Yusuf Tuna
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Social Complexity ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Administrative Practices

AbstractThis paper presents a detailed investigation of an Early Bronze Age clay sealing from Boz Höyük, a settlement mound located along the Büyük Menderes valley (inland western Anatolia). The artefact, clearly local in manufacture, was employed as a stopper to seal a bottle/flask and impressed with two different stamp seals. These elements are compared to all other published contemporary sealings in western and central Anatolia, in order to understand the degree of complexity of sealing practices in the region. In turn, evidence of Early Bronze Age Anatolian sealing practices is discussed in relation to the available evidence regarding the degree of social complexity in local communities. It is suggested that, during the Early Bronze Age, sealings were employed for product branding rather than control over storage and redistribution of commodities, and only at the beginning of the second millennium BC did the region witness the introduction of complex administrative practices.

Regional and Local Schools of Metalwork in Early Bronze Age Anatolia Part II

1985 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jak Yakar
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Monumental Architecture ◽  
Anatolian Plateau ◽  
Local Schools ◽  
Natural Catastrophes ◽  
History Of ◽  
City States

This is one of the most eventful periods in the early history of preliterate Anatolia. Urban and rural settlements in western Anatolia, in the central Anatolian plateau including the Pontus region and in the eastern highlands show signs of conflagration. Archaeological surveys carried out in north-central Anatolia and in the Konya plain suggest that in some cases permanent settlements were abandoned at different phases of the EB III. These destructions were no doubt caused by unrecorded events such as inter-regional rivalry between city-states, intruding pastoralists, incursions by foreign armies (e.g. from Mesopotamia/N. Syria), invasions by nomadic hordes and natural catastrophes (Yakar 1981a: 106–7). On the basis of field surveys and a few excavations of limited scope alone one cannot establish a pattern of destructions which could be attributed to one particular factor described above. I prefer to refer to this period as “emerging dynasties” because monumental architecture in some of the major sites points to centrally located administrative complexes (palaces?) which, taken together with unprecedented mortuary practices (e.g. Alacahöyük Royal Tombs), may confirm the existence of ruling aristocracies in Anatolia.

scholarly journals The tectonic evolution of Lake Eğirdir, West Turkey

Geologos ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Karaman
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Lacustrine Sediments ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Isparta Angle ◽  
Topographic Condition

The tectonic evolution of Lake Eğirdir, West Turkey Lake Eğirdir is one of the most important fresh-water lakes of Turkey. It has a tectonics-related origin. The area formed under a roughly N-S compressional tectonic regime during the Middle Miocene. The stresses caused slip faults west and east of Isparta Angle, and the lake formed at the junction of these faults. The area subsided between normal faults, thus creating the topographic condition required for a lake. The lacustrine sediments have fundamentally different lithologies. After the Late Miocene, central Anatolia started to move westwards, but western Anatolia moved in a SW direction along the South-western Anatolian Fault, which we suggest to have a left lateral slip, which caused that the Hoyran Basin moved t7 km towards the SW and rotated 40° counterclockwise relative to Lake Eğirdir.

scholarly journals Evolution of mafic lavas in Central Anatolia: Mantle source domains

Geosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Furman ◽  
Barry B. Hanan ◽  
Megan Pickard Sjoblom ◽  
Biltan Kürkcüoğlu ◽  
Kaan Sayit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Source ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Pb Isotope ◽  
Quaternary Volcanism ◽  
The North ◽  
Source Contributions ◽  
Distinct Source ◽  
Mafic Lavas ◽  
End Members

We present new Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopic data on mafic lavas from the Sivas, Develidağ, Erciyes, and Erkilet volcanic complexes in central Turkey and Tendürek in eastern Turkey to evaluate the mantle sources for volcanism in the context of the geodynamic evolution of the Anatolian microplate. Early Miocene through Quaternary volcanism in Western Anatolia and latest Miocene through Quaternary activity in Central Anatolia were dominated by contributions from two distinct source regions: heterogeneous metasomatized or subduction-modified lithosphere, and roughly homogeneous sublithospheric ambient upper mantle; we model the source contributions through mixing between three end members. The sublithospheric mantle source plots close to the Northern Hemisphere reference line (NHRL) with radiogenic 206Pb/204Pb of ~19.15, while the other contributions plot substantially above the NHRL in Pb isotope space. The lithospheric source is heterogeneous, resulting from variable pollution by subduction-related processes likely including direct incorporation of sediment and/or mélange; its range in radiogenic isotopes is defined by regional oceanic sediment and ultrapotassic melts of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle. The geochemical impact of this contribution is disproportionately large, given that subduction-modified lithosphere and/or ocean sediment dominates the Pb isotope signatures of mafic Anatolian lavas. Subduction of the Aegean or Tethyan seafloor, associated with marked crustal shortening, took place throughout the region until ca. 16–17 Ma, after which time broad delamination of the thickened lower crust and/or the Tethyan slab beneath Central Anatolia allowed for sediment and/or mélange and slab-derived fluids to be released into the overlying evolving modified mantle. Aggregation of melts derived from both mantle and lithospheric domains was made possible by upwelling of warm asthenospheric material moving around and through the complexly torn younger Aegean-Cyprean slab that dips steeply to the north beneath southern Anatolia.

New insights for the mantle source components of the most primitive recent basaltic rocks from central and western Anatolia: Evidences for the involvement of pyroxenite and the peridotite source domains

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biltan Kurkcuoglu ◽  
Tekin Yurur
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Source ◽  
Incompatible Element ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Spinel Peridotite ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
The West ◽  
Cinder Cones ◽  
Basaltic Rocks ◽  
Mantle Sources ◽  
Source Component

<div> <p>Basaltic activities  developed  extensively in central and western Anatolia since middle –Miocene to quaternary time, the most primitive lavas are  situated at  the eastern end of  central Anatolia, (southern Sivas) and the most recent ones  are situtated in central (basaltic cinder cones at south of Hasandağ) and also in western Anatolia (Kula region),  Among those  primitive recent  lavas, mantle sources that are responsible for the generation of basaltic rocks is  still a matter of a debate.          </p> <p>Previous studies suggested  that  spinel peridotite source   is the dominant source  component  for many of the basaltic rocks which are situated in several different locations in central Anatolia, including, Erciyes and Hasandağ stratovolcanoes,  Erkilet, Develidağ, Karapınar vents and Salanda fissure eruptions while Sivas fissure basalts in the east,  Gediz and Kula  basalts in the west, were  derived  mostly  from  the  garnet peridotite sources, but , the  specific  incompatible element ratios  and the melting model based on Rare Earth Elements obviously  indicate that  these basaltic rocks could not be solely generated  from  the garnet- spinel transition zone,   instead another mantle source component need to be involved  in the generation of the basaltic rocks.</p> <p>Tb/Yb(N) and Zn/Fe  ratios provide significant values   in order to constraint for the magmas  generated from the asthenosphere.  Tb/Yb(N) ratio seperates  garnet – spinel transition [1]  and Zn/Fe  ratio  displays separation between the peridotite-derived (Zn/Fe <12, [2,3]) and pyroxenite-derived (13-20 [2,3]) melts.  Zn/Fe, as well as  the  Tb/Yb(N) ratios and the melting model display  that single spinel  source   component  is not solely   responsible for  the generation of  the basaltic rocks,   pyroxenite  source domain  should    also  be involved in   during  the genesis of these rocks as well, besides, the  contributions from  the both of the  mantle source domains also explain the  depleted  magma nature that is observed  in some of recent basaltic rocks ( e.g, Salanda  and  Hasandağ  volcanic  systems) which is diffrent  from the dominated alkaline character,  generally observed  as  the   final products  of central Anatolian  magmatism   </p> <p><em>1.Wang et al., 2002, J.Geophys.Res.vol:107,ECV 5 1-21</em></p> <p><em>2 .Le Roux, et al.,2011,EPSL, vol:307, 395-408</em></p> </div><p><em>3. Ducea, et al.,2013, GEOLOGY, Vol:41, 413-417</em></p><p><em>This study   is financially supported by Hacettepe University, BAB project no: FHD-2018-17283</em></p>

The Konya region in the Iron Age and its relations with Cilicia

1999 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Bahar
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Cultural Geography ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Classical Period ◽  
The West ◽  
Wide Region ◽  
East West ◽  
Cultural Interactions

Located in the central region of the Anatolian mainland, Konya has played an important role in east-west and north-south cultural interactions since prehistoric times. In order to investigate the cultural geography of this region from prehistoric times to the Classical period surveys and museum work have been carried out since 1987 (Bahar 1991; Bahar et al 1996). In the course of this work some observations have been made on the Iron Age, which is a problematic subject for the central Anatolian region as well as for Anatolia as a whole. During the Iron Age the grey pottery known as Phrygian ware occurs over a wide region from the basin of the Meander in the west into central Anatolia (Mellaart 1955: 117; Dupré 1983: 82; Summers 1994: 241-52). We have previously suggested that this ware should be renamed ‘inner-west Anatolian ware’ or ‘Luwian ware’ (Bahar et al 1996: 65-7). It is significant that this pottery is encountered especially around Sarayönü and Kadınhanı where Luwian peoples were intensively settled in the second millennium BC.

Tectonic Triggers for Postsubduction Magmatic-Hydrothermal Gold Metallogeny in the Late Cenozoic Anatolian Metallogenic Trend, Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 (7) ◽  
pp. 1339-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Rabayrol ◽  
Craig J.R. Hart ◽  
Robert A. Creaser
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mineralization ◽  
Mineral Deposit ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Late Cenozoic ◽  
Epithermal Mineralization ◽  
Metallogenic Belt ◽  
Slab Rollback ◽  
Gap Opening ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Abstract The newly defined, 1,500-km-long, late Cenozoic Anatolian metallogenic trend of Turkey is the central segment of the western Tethyan metallogenic belt and formed after the closure of the southern Neotethys Ocean. Mineral deposit discoveries along this trend show that the Oligocene to Miocene igneous units are highly prospective for gold-rich porphyry- and epithermal-style mineralization (~27 Moz) but that copper endowment is poor. However, the temporal and spatial constraints on late Cenozoic gold districts and isolated prospects and their tectonic affinity are poorly known, despite recent efforts. We herein provide new U-Pb and Re-Os age data and field observations from Miocene gold prospects and deposits throughout the Anatolian trend, which we interpret together with previously published age data in the region. We define nine new porphyry and epithermal districts: Simav, İzmir, Uşak, Bodrum, Konya, Aksaray, Kayseri, Tunceli, and Ağri. Gold-rich porphyry and epithermal systems peaked at (1) 25 to 17 Ma in eastern Anatolia, (2) 21 to 9 Ma in western Anatolia, and (3) 10 to 3 Ma in central Anatolia. The westward migration of porphyry and epithermal mineralization from eastern to central Anatolia is interpreted to reflect slab break-off propagation and gap opening after the onset of the Arabian continental collision. Conversely, the southwestward migration of the magmatic front and associated mineralization in western Anatolia resulted from the acceleration of the Aegean slab rollback and subsequent lateral tearing (15–8 Ma). Thus, the bulk of gold mineralization formed in response to the slab segmentation and thermal events at 25 and 15 Ma.

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