Performance of sheep grazing Brachiaria decumbens, Panicum maximum and Pennisetum purpureum in combination with gliricidia sepium

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I I Osakwe ◽  
P E Nwakpu
Keyword(s):  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens

Phytoseiid mites on grasses in Brazil (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2240 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTONIO C. LOFEGO ◽  
PETERSON R. DEMITE ◽  
RAQUEL G. KISHIMOTO ◽  
GILBERTO J. DE MORAES
Keyword(s):  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
Melinis Minutiflora ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
First Time ◽  
One New Species

Surveys were conduced in 16 sites in the State of São Paulo to evaluate the phytoseid mite fauna on some of the most common grass species in that State: Brachiaria decumbens Stapf., Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf, Brachiaria ruziziensis R. Germ & C.V. Evrard, Melinis minutiflora Beauv., Panicum maximum Jacq. and Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. Twenty known species and one new species (Proprioseiopsis biologicus Lofego, Demite & Moraes sp. nov.) were found. Two species are reported for the first time in the American continent: Neoseiulus benjamini Schicha and Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) neobakeri Prasad . Seven of the species collected have been reported in Brazil from different crops. The largest number of specimens and of species of phytoseiids was found on M. minutiflora. The results of this study indicate that grasses may play a role in agroecosystems and pasture lands, serving as reservoirs of phytoseiids that prey upon mite pests.

scholarly journals Comparación de la técnica de digestibilidad in vitro con la in situ de diez forrajes en bovinos rumino-fistulados en el piedemonte llanero del Meta

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-24
Author(s):  
Cesar Augusto Navarro Ortiz ◽  
Jhon Camilo Díaz ◽  
María Ligia Roa Vega ◽  
Enid Cuellar Leuro
Keyword(s):  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Bauhinia Variegata ◽  
Para Determinar

El consumo y la digestibilidad son temas de gran interés para los nutricionistas, puesto que en la producción animal se requiere de alimentos con alta aceptación y excelente aprovechamiento, con bajas pérdidas de nutriente por excretas. Atendiendo a lo anterior, esta investigación se realizó en UNILLANOS Villavicencio, consideró como objetivo principal evaluar dos técnicas de digestibilidad (in situ en rumen e in vitro) de 6 leguminosas, 2 gramíneas y 2 arbustivas no leguminosas a las que se les determinó la digestibilidad de la materia seca (MS), fibra detergente neutro (FDN) y nitrógeno total (NT). Se escogieron las leguminosas: Bauhinia variegata, Piptadenia (Anadenanthera) peregrina, Cratylia argentea, Brownea ariza, Gliricidia sepium y Delonix regia; las gramíneas Brachiaria decumbens y Pennisetum purpureum; y las arbustivas no leguminosas Tithonia diversifolia e Hibiscus rosa-sinensis. Las muestras fueron recolectadas de las parcelas de forrajes de la Universidad, a una edad de rebrote de 60 días. A los forrajes secos se les realizó un análisis nutricional preliminar, en el cual se determinó MS, NT y FDN. En las pruebas in situ en rumen se utilizó la técnica con bolsas de nylon, en cada una se incubaron 8 gr de materia seca de cada forraje por tres repeticiones en cada hora (6, 12, 24, 48 y 72), en dos novillas criollas cruzadas de 380 kg, fistuladas a nivel del rumen, las cuales estaban en pastoreo continuo con B. decumbens, sal mineralizada y agua a voluntad. Las pruebas in vitro fueron realizadas en el Laboratorio de Nutrición Animal, para ello se incubó 1 gr de muestra con líquido ruminal durante 72 horas a 38°C, y en el residuo obtenido se determinó la MS, FDN y NT. Con la información obtenida se estableció la curva y tasa de degradación de la MS, FDN y NT a las 6, 12, 24, 48 y 72 horas, de cada uno de los 10 forrajes. En las pruebas in situ se realizaron mediciones de pH y nitrógeno amoniacal (N-NH3) a las 0, 6 y 12 horas en el líquido ruminal. El diseño estadístico fue un análisis de varianza para determinar los rangos de desviación entre las dos técnicas. Las variables evaluadas fueron los promedios in situ e in vitro de la degradación ruminal (6, 12, 24, 48 y 72) de la MS, FDN y NT de los 10 forrajes. Los datos se analizaron aplicando la prueba T-Student para comparación entre medias. La diferencia estadística (p<0.05) de los promedios in situ e in vitro de digestibilidad de la MS, fue del 100% en B. variegata, C. argentea, B. ariza, H. rosa-sinensis y G. sepium; 60% en B. decumbens, P. purpureum, T. diversifolia y Piptadenia peregrina; y en D. regia fue del 80%. En la FDN fue del 100% en B. decumbens, T. diversifolia, C. argéntea, Piptadenia peregrina, B. ariza, H. rosa-sinensis y G. sepium; 80% en P. purpureum y B. variegata; y en D. regia fue del 60%. En el NT fue del 100% en C. argéntea, B. ariza y G. sepium; 80% en B. decumbens, P. purpureum, B. variegata, Piptadenia peregrina y D. regia; y en T. diversifolia e H. rosa-sinensis fue del 60%. Además, se encontró en el 63,333% de los casos una mejor tasa de degradación mediante la técnica de digestibilidad in situ. En conclusión, existen diferencias entre las técnicas de digestibilidad in situ e in vitro para estimar la digestibilidad de la MS, FDN y NT en los forrajes estudiados.

scholarly journals Nutrient characterisation and in vitro digestibility of grass and legume/browse species - based diets for beef cattle in Vanuatu

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Aregheore ◽  
T A Steglar ◽  
J W Ng'ambi
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Available Nutrients ◽  
Browse Species ◽  
Ca:P Ratio

Some grasses, Buffalo (Panicum Coloratum), Guinea (Panicum maximum), Setaria (Setaria sphacelata), Embu (Panicum maxum), Elephant (Pennisetum Purpureum), Koronivia (Brachiaria humidicola), and Signal (Brachiaria decumben); and legumes/browses Gliricidia sepium, Glycine wightii, Green desmodium and Leucaena leucocephala grazed by beef cattle in Vanuatu were characterized for crude protein (CP), fibre fractions, macro and micro minerals (phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium, copper, iron, manganese and zinc) and energy. Also in vitro digestibility study was carried out to predict the utilization of available nutrients. Data obtained were discussed in light of whether available nutrients would satisfy requirements of grazing beef cattle of different age and physiological function. The CP of grass and legume/browse species ranged from 7.9-17.8% and 10.5-23.9% respectively. L. leucocephala has a higher CP while Green leaf desmodium had the lowest CP content. DM and NDF were higher (P<0.05) in the grasses while CP was higher in the legume/browse species. Organic matter (OM) within and between the grass and legume/browse species varied. Mean concentrations of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) in the grass species was 5.7 g/kg DM and 2.6 g/kg DM, respectively and this resulted in an average Ca:P ratio of 2.2:1 for the grasses while the legume /browse species had Ca:P ratio of 5.3:1. Ca was low while K was high in the grasses compared to the legume/browse species. Among the microminerals Cu was critically low in both the grass and legume/browse species. In vitro DMD, OMD and CPD between and within the grass and legume/browse species were not significantly different (P>0.05) from each other, however NDFD and ADFD were higher (P<0.05) in the grasses than in the legumes/browses. In conclusion, the results of these analyses and the in vitro digestibility study have provided information on nutrients that are adequate and/or inadequate in the grass and legume/browse species components grazed to sustain beef cattle production in Vanuatu. The very low concentration of Cu in both the grass and legume/browse species therefore demonstrates the need to supplement grazing beef cattle with mineral lick blocks to overcome its deficiency.

scholarly journals Species of forages utilized by farmers producing halal goats in Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM), Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
GERALDSON A. NAVARRA ◽  
FLORENCE ROY P. SALVAÑA ◽  
ELMA G. SEPELAGIO ◽  
CARLITO B. SANCHEZ ◽  
CYRELLE M. BESANA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
Stylosanthes Humilis ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Guinea Grass

Abstract. Navarra GA, Salvaña FRP, Sepelagio EG, Sanchez CB, Besana CM, Manceras LJS, Bra SG. 2019. Species of forages utilized by farmers producing halal goats in Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM), Philippines. Asian J Ethnobiol 2: 1-7. Local production of small ruminants necessitates forage assessment considering the fact that animals are typically fed with locally available plant species. This study was carried out to determine the species of plants used as forage by raisers producing halal goats in BARMM (Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao), Philippines. Personal interview to the respondents producing halal goats was conducted and a questionnaire was used to determine species of forages. A total of eight municipalities were included in the survey, seven of which were from Maguindanao and one was from Lanao del Sur. Purposive sampling was used in the survey. A total of 47 respondents was interviewed based on the criteria: a.) a believer of Islam b) with 5 to 24 breeder does; and c.) willingness of the farm owner to participate in the survey. All respondents fall to these criteria were interviewed. Forage species including paragrass (Brachiaria mutica), carabao grass (Paspalum conjugatum), ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala), and kakawate (Gliricidia sepium) were used by all respondents in all sampling sites. Other species included malunggay (Moringa oleifera), banana (Musa balbisiana), stylo (Stylosanthes humilis), centrosema (Centrosema pubescens), langka (Artocarpus heterophyllus), pinto peanut (Arachis pintoi), napier (Pennisetum purpureum), barnyard grass (Echinochloa sp.), Guinea grass (Panicum maximum), indigofera (Indigofera tinctoria), calliandra (Calliandra calothrysus), katurai (Sesbania grandiflora) and rensonii (Desmodium rensonii). Only eleven percent (11%) of the respondents utilized improved and domesticated species of forages. Improved and domesticated forage species are plants commonly cultivated forage for livestock production. Some species of plants present in open vegetated areas like Erigeron canadensis, Sphagneticola trilobata, Ageratum conyzoides and Urena lobata were also consumed by goats according to the respondents. There were also plant-related toxicosis observed by the respondents caused by C. pubescens and U. lobata. Most of the respondents in BARMM are not utilizing improved and domesticated species of forages and rely on locally available forages present in rangeland. Most of them have limited knowledge on the nutritional requirements of goats. There is a need to enhance the understanding of farmers on the importance of proper forage selection and combination.

scholarly journals Período de estacionalidade de produção de pastagens irrigadas

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 821-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim Bartolomeu Rassini
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens

O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o período de estacionalidade de produção de matéria seca de espécies forrageiras irrigadas. As espécies utilizadas foram Pennisetum purpureum cv. Taiwan (capim-elefante), Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia (capim-tanzânia), Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk (capim-braquiária), Brachiaria bryzantha cv. Marandu (capim-marandu), Paspalum atratum cv. Pojuca (capim-pojuca) e Cynodon dactylon cv. Coastcross (capim-coastcross). Durante dois anos (1999/2000 e 2000/2001), avaliaram-se as condições climáticas do local onde o experimento foi realizado e as características fenológicas das forrageiras. As pastagens irrigadas têm um período de 65 a 70 dias de estacionalidade de produção durante o ano, em que, mesmo satisfazendo as necessidades hídricas da planta forrageira, não há produção de matéria seca.

scholarly journals Fatty acids composition and biohydrogenation reduction agents of tropical forages

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
MALIK MAKMUR ◽  
MARDIATI ZAIN ◽  
YETTI MARLIDA ◽  
KHASRAD KHASRAD ◽  
ANURAGA JAYANEGARA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Calliandra Calothyrsus ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Pufa Composition ◽  
Tropical Forages

Abstract. Makmur M, Zain M, Marlida Y, Khasrad, Jayanegara A. 2019. Fatty acids composition and biohydrogenation reduction agents of tropical forages. Biodiversitas 20: 1917-1922. The study was conducted to determine the composition of fatty acids, measured rumen biohydrogenation reduction agents (total phenols and total tannins) content and selected promising plants in various species of tropical forages. Ten species of tropical forages, namely, Panicum maximum, Cynodon plectostachyus, Pennisetum purpurephoides, Pennisetum purpureum, Brachiaria decumbens, Glyricidia sepium, Calliandra calothyrsus, Stylosanthes guaianensis, Leucaena leucocephala and Indigofera zollingeriana were used in this study. The fatty acids composition (% of total identified fatty acids) which were dominant in grasses were C18: 3n-3 (29%), C16: 0 (28%) and C18: 2n-6 (23%). Whereas in legumes, the significantly higher composition of fatty acids was C18: 3n-3 (42%) followed by C16: 0 (17%) and C18: 2n-6 (17%). The average poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) composition in grasses was relatively lower (44.6%) than legumes (59%). Likewise the content of total phenols and total tannins (g/100g DM) of grasses (0.91 and 0.41) and legumes (1.72 and 0.70). The selection of the forage plant species was based on the criteria of PUFA composition and biohydrogenation reduction agents using TOPSIS method. The results obtained show that B. decumbens (grass) and I. zollingeriana (legume) had the highest preference value of 0.74 and 0.87, respectively. In conclusion, B. decumbens and I. zollingeriana are forage species that have potential to provide healthier ruminant products.

scholarly journals Pouvoir d'établissement de quatre graminées fourragères tropicales (Pennisetum purpureum Schum., Panicum maximum Jacq., Brachiaria decumbens Stapf., et Digitaria decumbens Stent.) installées en arrière-saison

1979 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.G. Kpakote ◽  
J.B. Villares ◽  
G.P. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Cette Technique ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Digitaria Decumbens ◽  
Mise En Pratique ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum Schum

Les auteurs exposent les résultats qu'ils ont obtenus, en installant, en fin de saison des pluies, quatre graminées fourragères (Pennisetum purpureum Schum., Panicum maximum Jacq., Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. et Digitaria decumbens Stent.), sur un terrain pauvre situé dans la région de Botucatu, Etat de São Paulo, au Brésil. Les "prises" des boutures ont été excellentes, sauf pour Digitaria qui a eu à souffrir d'une invasion de cochenilles et les productions en fourrage, au cours de la saison des pluies suivante, ont été très satisfaisantes. Cette technique mise en pratique derrière une culture vivrière saisonnière avec ce que cela comporte d'avantages pour les plantes bouturées devrait donner des résultats d'un intérêt économique

Foraging and grass selection by the grass-cutting ant Acromyrmex landolti fracticornis (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in habitats of introduced forage grasses in Paraguay

1977 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Fowler ◽  
S. W. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Cattle Industry ◽  
Colony Density ◽  
Practical Implications

AbstractColony densities of Acromyrmex landolti fracticornis (Forel) were found to vary in habitats of introduced forage grasses in central Paraguay. Colony densities were found to be positively correlated with basal grass coverage and the amount of grazing damage. The ants preferentially harvested tender grass blades that showed little or no previous damage by other invertebrates. Colony densities and the amount of grazing damage by the ants showed negative correlations with the amount of grazing damage by other invertebrates. Preferences were determined for 13 species of exotic forage grasses. In both laboratory and field tests, Digitaria smutsii and Panicum maximum were selected significantly more often than other species, and Pennisetum purpureum, P. ciliare and Brachiaria decumbens were selected significantly less often. The preferences observed in the laboratory were also observed in field colonies. The importance of these factors in determining colony density and their practical implications on the Paraguayan cattle industry are discussed.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF TOTAL BACTERIA AND PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZED BACTERIA IN RHIZOSFIRS OF Stylosanthes guianensis, Gliricidia sepium, Bracharia decumbens, AND Pennisetum purpureum AT UPLAND IN RAINY SEASON

Pastura ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Diningtyas A.S. ◽  
I W. Suarna ◽  
S.A. Lindawati
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
P Element ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
P Elements ◽  
Stylosanthes Guianensis

Phosphate solubilized bacteria is bacteria that useful to solve P bound to be P elements which could be absorped by plant. So, this research is needed to know total population of bacteria and phosphate solubilized bacteria in plants rhizosfer at dry land in rainy season. The research followed aditive linier model with assumption phosphate solubilized bacteria population caused by different of plant species only. Samples taken were consisted of 5 treatments in plants rhizosfer i.e. non rhizosfer (NR), Stylosanthes guianensis (Sg), Gliricidia sepium (Gs), Brachiaria decumbens (Bd), and Pennisetum purpureum (Pp) with 4 replications. Variable observed were Total Plate Count (TPC), total of Phosphate Solublilized Bacteria (PSB), P element (phosphore) ail water content. The research results showed that the TPC of land about 1.06 - 7.12 × 107 cfu/g, PSB about 4.78 - 7.60 × 106 cfu/g. P element at treatment NR was the highest 12,16 ppm. The highest soil water content on the treatment Bd was 4.86%. It can be concluded that TPC and BPF in non rhizosphere and rhizosphere of plants Sg, Gs, Bd and Pp on dry land in the rainy season are different. The content of P elements ranged from 6.14 to 23.07 ppm and the moisture content ranged from 1.68 to 4.86%. Key words: phosphate soluble bacteria, non rhizosfer, rhizosfer

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