scholarly journals Black Soldier Fly (Hermitia illucens) Larvae Meal as Alternative Protein in Broiler Production in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
S. Affedzie-obresi ◽  
G. Adu-Aboagye ◽  
E.K. Nkegbe ◽  
N. Asuming-Bediako ◽  
K.O. Ansah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Broiler Production ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Specific Organ ◽  
Isocaloric Diets

Feed cost has been a major challenge to the competitiveness of the poultry industry of Ghana due mainly to high cost of proteins. Insect larvae meals seem convenient alternatives however their use on commercial scale is unknown in Ghana. Three 8-week feeding trial using three isonitrogenous, isocaloric diets in a three-phase feeding strategy involving 1320 broiler DOCs was conducted. BSFLM was used as replacement for fishmeal and as partial replacement for soybean meal to determine its effect on broiler productivity, profitability and carcass measurements. The results indicated that replacing fishmeal with BSFLM significantly improved weight gain, feed conversion efficiency and production efficiency factor (PEF). No detrimental effect was observed on carcass and specific organ measurements. Using the partial budgeting approach on a 500-bird estimation an increase of one thousand, one hundred and eleven Ghana cedis (GH₵1,111.00) was obtained when the fishmeal was replaced with BSFLM. Also, an increase of four hundred and sixty-seven Ghana cedis (GH₵467.00) was estimated when soybean meal was partially replaced with BSFLM. It was concluded that BSFLM can be used to improve the productivity and profitability of broiler production.

scholarly journals Nutritional Evaluation of Crambe Meal as a Partial Replacement of Soybean Meal in Nile Tilapia Diets

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamilton Hisano ◽  
Pamela Souza de Pietro ◽  
Márcia Mayumi Ishikawa ◽  
Alex Júnio da Silva Cardoso ◽  
Arielle Cristina Arena
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Crambe Meal ◽  
Total Plasma Protein ◽  
Fillet Yield

Abstract This study evaluated the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of crambe meal (CM) and its potential to partially replace soybean meal (SM) protein in Nile tilapia diets. The ADC for dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, energy, amino acids, calcium and phosphorus of CM were assessed in fish (n=80; 65.30 ± 5.32 g). Subsequently, an 80-day feeding trial was conducted with Nile tilapia (n=140; 6.04 ± 0.25 g) randomly distributed in 20 experimental cages (70 L; seven fish cage-1) allocated in five circular tanks (1000 L) in recirculation water system, to evaluate the effects of replacement of SM by CM (0, 6, 12, 18 and 24% in isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets) on growth, blood parameters, fillet yield and proximal composition. The CM shows good digestibility of protein (0.824) and amino acids (0.844) by Nile tilapia and its inclusion in the diet does not affect carcass and fillet yield or proximal composition. Fish fed diets with 24.0% of the SM replaced by CM showed the worst weight gain and feed conversion rate. The protein efficiency ratio decreased in fish fed diets with 12.0, 18.0 and 24.0% of the SM replaced by CM. Hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, total plasma protein, glucose and alanine aminotransferase enzyme activity trend to increase at highest levels of CM in the diet. In conclusion, CM has potential to replace SM in Nile tilapia diets, due to high digestibility of protein and amino acids. However, anti-nutritional factors present in untreated CM interfere on the growth and nutrient utilization of Nile tilapia.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SUPPLEMENTARY CELLULOLYTIC ENZYMES (DRISELASE) ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS FED RATIONS CONTAINING RAPESEED MEAL

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. K. GOH ◽  
A. SHIRES ◽  
A. R. ROBBLEE ◽  
D. R. CLANDININ
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Feed Conversion

Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of supplementing broiler rations with a multiple cellulolytic enzymes system (Driselase) on the performance of chicks raised to 4 wk of age (exp. 1) and to 8 wk of age (exp. 2). Four broiler rations unsupplemented or supplemented with 0.03% Driselase were used in the study. One of the rations was based on soybean meal and wheat while the other three contained 20% rapeseed meal (produced from Regent, Candle and Turret cultivars of rapeseed) as a partial replacement for soybean meal. The results obtained in both experiments indicated a lack of response in body weight and feed conversion of the chicks to Driselase supplementation. In both experiments, the chicks receiving the rations containing rapeseed meal showed varying degrees of thyroid enlargement depending on the cultivar of rapeseed from which the meal was produced, with Turret meal causing the greatest increase in thyroid size. Key words: Driselase, cellulolytic enzymes, broilers, performance, rapeseed meal

RAPESEED MEAL AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR SOYBEAN MEAL IN THE DIETS OF GROWING GILTS AND OF SOWS FOR UP TO THREE REPRODUCTIVE CYCLES

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. BOWLAND ◽  
R. T. HARDIN
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Reproductive Cycles ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

An experiment with 32 crossbred gilts averaging 10 kg at allotment was designed to evaluate prepress-solvent extracted rapeseed meal (RSM) of Brassica campestris origin as a partial replacement for soybean meal (SBM) in diets of sows during growth or growth and reproduction when the sows were retained for three reproductive cycles. Four treatments were involved: (1) sows fed SBM throughout; (2) gilts fed 6% RSM to 90 kg and SBM for the remainder of the experiment; (3) gilts fed 6% RSM to immediately prior to first mating and SBM for the remainder of the experiment; (4) sows fed 6% RSM throughout. A second experiment with 16 mature Yorkshire sows evaluated the same RSM for one reproductive cycle only as a partial replacement for SBM when introduced into the diet immediately prior to breeding. During the growing period to 90 kg, daily feed intake, gain, and feed conversion did not differ significantly for gilts fed 0 or 6% dietary rapeseed meal, daily gain averaging 0.68 kg. Digestible energy, metabolizable energy, digestible nitrogen, and nitrogen retention coefficients were not influenced by level of dietary RSM or by period (15 or 45 kg) at which digestibility studies were conducted. Gestation length, litter size, and weight at birth and weaning were not influenced by dietary treatment in either experiment. Thyroid weights and ratio of thyroid weight to body weight of representative 2-wk-old female pigs did not differ significantly between treatments. In the first experiment, there was an average disposal of 23% of the sows per reproductive cycle because of failure to breed, failure to conceive, and other causes but these removals did not appear to be associated with treatment. The overall results suggest that up to 6% RSM of the type fed is not detrimental to sow performance when the RSM is fed during growth, throughout growth and reproduction, or when introduced suddenly at the time of breeding.

scholarly journals Effect of Graded Substitution of Soybean Meal by Hermetia illucens Larvae Meal on Animal Performance, Apparent Ileal Digestibility, Gut Histology and Microbial Metabolites of Broilers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1628
Author(s):  
Kristina Hartinger ◽  
Julia Greinix ◽  
Nathalie Thaler ◽  
Marco Antonio Ebbing ◽  
Nadia Yacoubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Microbial Metabolites ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Intestinal Morphometry

The usage of insects as an alternative protein source for broiler feeds may help to reduce the dependency on soybean meal (SBM) imports. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the replacement of 15 (SL15) or 30% (SL30) of crude protein (CP) from SBM with Hermetia illucens (HI) defatted larvae meal regarding broiler performance, carcass traits, apparent ileal digestibility, intestinal morphology, and microbial metabolites. Concerning the performance, body weight was similar for the control (CON) and SL15, but lower for SL30 during all feeding phases. In addition, average daily feed intake was higher in SL15 and SL30 compared to CON in the starter phase, but this effect vanished during grower and finisher phase. The apparent ileal digestibility decreased for CP and some amino acids with increasing HI larvae meal in the diet. No or marginal alterations were observed for the intestinal morphometry as well as cecal microbial metabolites. In conclusion, partial replacement of 15% SBM CP with HI larvae meal in broiler diets without impairing animal performance or health seems possible. The growth suppression with 30% CP substitution may be caused by reduced apparent ileal digestibility but could not be clearly associated with adverse effects of hindgut fermentation or altered gut morphology.

scholarly journals PSIX-4 Fetal programming – Maternal plane of nutrition effects on progeny performance, feed efficiency, and carcass quality for feedlot steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 411-411
Author(s):  
Kortney Acton ◽  
Ira B Mandell ◽  
Lee-Anne Huber ◽  
Michael A Steele ◽  
Katharine M Wood
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Isocaloric Diets ◽  
Progeny Performance

Abstract To evaluate if maternal supplementation of protein and rumen-protected methionine during late gestation affects steer progeny performance and carcass quality, 138 Angus X cows were used in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Cows were randomly assigned one of three protein treatments (feeding to meet 90%, 100%, or 110% of metabolizable protein (MP) requirements), with(without) 9 g/d of rumen-protected methionine (MET) and fed these isocaloric diets for ~8 weeks before parturition. Steer progeny (n = 56) were assigned to one of seven pens by weight and received a common corn-based grower diet (58% corn silage, 26% alfalfa haylage, 15% soybean meal) for 47 days, followed by a finisher diet (78% high moisture corn, 12% alfalfa haylage, 8% soybean meal) for 115±31.5 days until slaughter. Body weights were recorded biweekly. Monthly ultrasound images of back and rump fats were captured. Organ weights were recorded at the time of slaughter, with carcass and meat quality recorded 24 to 48 hours later. Data were analyzed using PROC GLIMMIX in SAS, with maternal treatment as the fixed effect, and pen as the random effect. Feeding to meet 90% MP requirements resulted in heavier calf weaning weights compared to 100% and 110% (262, 251, and 245 ±13.9 kg, respectively; P = 0.01). Maternal nutritional treatment did not affect average daily gain, dry matter intake, feed conversion during finishing or organ weights. Increasing dietary MP content from 90%, 100% to 110% reduced grade fat thickness (15.5, 14.7, and 11.8 ±1.11 mm, respectively; P = 0.04) and yield grades (2.7, 2.9, and 2.3 ±0.17, respectively; P = 0.04), but increased lean meat yield (49.5, 49.4, and 50.6 ±0.3%, respectively; P = 0.04). These data suggest that maternal MP content may alter steer progeny carcass traits while maintaining animal performance during the finishing period.

scholarly journals Xylanase and β-glucanase in maize- and soybean meal-based diets for broilers

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3259-3274
Author(s):  
Thiago Ferreira Diana ◽  
◽  
Luiz Fernando Teixeira Albino ◽  
Horácio Santiago Rostagno ◽  
Bruno Figueiredo de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding different xylanase and ?-glucanase enzyme blends to maize- and soybean meal-based diets on performance and energy metabolizability in broilers. Two experiments were carried out with broilers of the COBB 500 strain. In the first experiment, 1960 chicks were assigned to a completely randomized design with a 2 × 3 + 1 factorial arrangement, totaling seven treatments, namely, T1- Positive control (PC); T2 - Negative control 1 (NC1; PC minus 200 kcal kg-1 ME); T3 - NC1 + Blend A; T4 - NC1 + Blend B; T5 - Negative control 2 (NC2; PC minus 167 kcal kg-1 ME and 5% amino acids); T6 - NC2 + Blend A; and T7 - NC2 + Blend B. Fourteen replicates were used per treatment and 20 birds per experimental unit. The parameters evaluated at 21 and 42 days of age were weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion (FC). At 42 days, production efficiency index (PEI), viability and the yields of cuts were also calculated. Birds that received diets with a reduced nutritional value showed a reduction in WG and PEI and worsened FC as compared those of PC treatment (p < 0.05). However, the birds that consumed the NC2 diet with Blend B exhibited a similar WG to those in PC group (p > 0.05) from 1 to 21 days of life. For the yield of thigh + drumstick, the factors were statistically similar (p > 0.05) to those observed in the PC birds. In the second experiment, 432 fourteen-day-old chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design with seven treatments, with eight replicates per treatment and six birds per experimental unit. The apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and nitrogen-corrected AME (AMEn) values were determined. Overall, the NC2 diet with Blend B provided the highest AME and AMEn values; however, NC1 with the same enzyme blend was the treatment which provided the lowest values. The addition of xylanase and ?-glucanase enzyme blends to maize- and soybean meal-based diets improves WG at 21 days as well as PEI in broilers; however, it does not influence the yield of cuts. Enzymes (Blend B) improve the energy metabolization of broiler diets with reduced energy and amino acid levels.

scholarly journals Rapeseed meal as an alternative protein source in the diet of GIFT tilapia cultured in cages in reservoir

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurobinda Upadhyay ◽  
N. Felix ◽  
E. Prabu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gift Tilapia

Evaluation of the efficiency of rapeseed meal (RSM) as an alternative protein source by replacing soybean meal (SBM) in the diets of GIFT strain of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus was carried out in cages installed at Poondi Reservoir, Tamil Nadu, South India. Five isonitrogenous (30% protein) and isolipidic (7% lipid) diets were formulated by incorporating RSM protein by replacing SBM protein at 0 (control diet), 25, 50, 75 and 100% levels (0RSM, 25RSM, 50RSM, 75RSM and 100RSM). Each diet was fed to two replicate groups of GIFT tilapia with a mean initial weight of 20.38 ± 0.07 g for 60 days in cages. GIFT tilapia fishes fed with 75RSM diet attained maximum percentage weight gain, PWG (590.89 %), maximum specific growth rate, SGR (3.22), best feed conversion ratio, FCR (1.03) and maximum protein efficiency ratio, PER (3.23) among the treatments. The fishes fed with 0RSM, 50RSM and 100RSM diets showed no significant difference (p>0.05) in mean weight gain, MWG, SGR, FCR and PER. No significant difference in hepatosomatic index, HSI was found among the fishes fed with 0RSM, 75RSM and 100RSM diets. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) observed in survival between treatments. The whole body proximate composition (moisture, protein, lipid and ash) of GIFT tilapia did not differ significantly (p>0.05) among the treatments. It was concluded that, rapeseed meal can completely (100%) replace soybean meal protein in the diets of cage cultured GIFT tilapia in reservoir, without compromising growth, feed conversion ratio and whole body composition.

scholarly journals Replacing fish meal with alternative protein sources in common carp’s feed

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abidemi Adekoya ◽  
Maridell Porcadilla ◽  
Dániel Varga ◽  
Balázs Kucska
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Rate Condition ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of PL68 and soybean meal as alternative protein sources in the diet of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). The experiment lasted for four weeks. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the final weight and HSI between treatments. There were no significant differences for feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, condition factor, and fillet weight between groups. The flesh color parameters, pH values and water losses (dripping loss, thawing loss, and cooking loss) did not show any significant differences between the three dietary treatments. In conclusion the result of this study showed that PL68 and soybean meal can partially replace fishmeal in common carp’s diet without any adverse effect on growth but further research is needed to evaluate the effect of different inclusion levels of PL68.

Partial replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal and distillers dried grain solubles (DDGS) as alternative protein sources for milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal, 1775) fingerlings

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bharathi ◽  
Cheryl Antony ◽  
C. B. T. Rajagopalsamy ◽  
A. Uma ◽  
B. Ahilan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Chanos Chanos ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Significant Difference

A 60 days feeding trial was conducted to investigate partial replacement of fishmeal (FM) with either soybean meal (SBM) or distillers dried grain solubles (DDGS) as alternative protein sources for milkfish, Chanos chanos fingerlings. Nine experimental diets were formulated with either fishmeal or with two alternative protein sources such as SBM or DDGS at three protein levels (35, 40 and 45%). Milkfish fingerlings (270 nos.) with mean length and weight of 5.24±0.03 cm, 1.25±0.05 g were selected for the study and in total there were 9 treatments in triplicates. The experimental diets were: F35 (35% CP - FM diet), F40 (40% CP - FM), F45 (45% CP - FM), FS35 (35% CP - FM + SBM), FS40 (40% CP - FM + SBM), FS45 (45% CP - FM + SBM), FD35 (35% CP - FM + DDGS), FD40 (40% CP - FM + DDGS), FD45 (45% CP - FM + DDGS). Diets incorporated with fishmeal alone served as control diet for this experiment. We observed that, final weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher for fishmeal based diet irrespective of the crude protein level. The same trend was observed for body weight gain for FM based diet. Specific growth rate (SGR) was found to be more than 2% per day for all the experimental diets fed fish and FD45 showed the lowest SGR compared to other treatment groups. Similarly FD45 had poor feed conversion ratio (FCR) when compared to other dietary groups. Survival rate of the fingerlings was found to be significantly higher for all FM diets (80%), FS35 (80%) and FD35 (80%) diet fed groups, whereas FD45 dietary group showed significantly lower survival rate (60%). Higher amylase activity was observed in F40 diet, higher lipase enzyme activity in FS 35 diet, while higher protease activity was recorded in F35 diet and the values showed significant difference (p<0.05) between different treatment groups. Results of the study, clearly indicate that soybean meal (FS35) could be used to partially replace the fishmeal in the diet of milkfish fingerlings.

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