scholarly journals Comparaison de six méthodes de dosage indirect du cholestérol LDL chez des personnes vivant avec le VIH à Libreville

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2423-2433
Author(s):  
Rosalie Nikiema-Ndong ◽  
Aude Syntia Mbang Bengone ◽  
Alexandrine Nsi ◽  
Edwige Nnegue Edzo ◽  
Alvine Sibylle Batou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Indirect Method ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Étude Prospective ◽  
Living With Hiv

L’objectif de cette étude était, de comparer six méthodes de dosage indirect du cholestérol LDL en vue de mettre en place une méthode plus pertinente dans le suivi des modifications cardiométaboliques chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH (PVVIH) sous traitements. Il s’agissait d’une étude prospective descriptive et analytique chez des PVVIH sous antirétroviraux à Libreville, allant du 13 août au 30 novembre 2018. Les patients de plus de 15 ans ont été inclus après avoir donné leurs consentements. Le dosage du cholestérol total, cholestérol HDL, cholestérol LDL et triglycérides a requis un automate multi analyseur (BS 200 de Mindray®) ainsi que des kits « BIOLABO ». La régression linéaire était utilisée pour rechercher les différentes corrélations. Les valeurs de triglycérides <150mg/dL étaient retrouvées chez 96% de la population et 52% avait une concentration de cholestérol HDL <40mg/dL. Les différentes formules de calcul de la concentration du cholestérol LDL par rapport aux  concentrations de LDL cholestérol direct ont montré que le carré du coefficient de corrélation linéaire r était plus élevé pour la formule  d’Anandaraja (r2 = 0,83), suivi de celle de Friedewald avec r2 = 0,72. Un palliatif au dosage direct pourrait être l’utilisation de la formule d’Anandaraja dans notre contexte d’étude.Mots clés : Cholestérol LDL, Cholestérol total, Méthode indirecte, VIH, Anandaraja, Friedewald. Comparison of six indirect LDL cholesterol methods among HIV patients in Libreville   The objective of this study was to compare six methods of indirect measurement of LDL cholesterol for setting a more relevant method of monitoring cardiometabolic changes in people living with HIV under treatment. This was a prospective descriptive and analytic study among people living with HIV and under antiretroviral therapy in Libreville, from 13 August to 30 November 2018. Patients over 15 years of age were included after giving their consent. The dosage total of cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides required a multi analyzer BS 200 of Mindray® and reagents kits from BIOLABO. Linear regression was used to found different correlations. Triglyceride values below 150 mg/dL were found among 96% of the population and 52% had HDL cholesterol concentration below 40 mg/dL. The different formulas for calculating the LDL cholesterol concentration relative to the direct LDL cholesterol concentrations show that the square of the linear correlation coefficient r is higher for the Anandaraja formula (r2 = 0.83) followed by that of Friedewald with r2 = 0.72. A palliative method to the direct assay could be the use of Anandaraja's formula in our context.Keywords: LDL cholesterol, Total cholesterol, Indirect method, HIV, Anandaraja, Friedewald.

scholarly journals Milk minerals modify the effect of fat intake on serum lipid profile: results from an animal and a human short-term study

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (8) ◽  
pp. 1412-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janne K. Lorenzen ◽  
Søren K. Jensen ◽  
Arne Astrup
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Milk Minerals

Despite a high content of saturated fat, evidence from observational studies indicates that the consumption of dairy products may have a neutral effect or may be inversely associated with the risk of CVD. We aimed to examine whether milk minerals modify the effect of saturated fat on serum lipid profile. We present data from two studies. Study I had a randomised, blinded, parallel design (n 24 pigs) with a 10 d adaptation period during which a high-fat diet was fed to the pigs and a 14 d intervention period during which the same diet either enriched with milk minerals (MM group) or placebo (control group) was fed to the pigs. Study II had a randomised cross-over design (n 9 men) where the subjects were fed either a high-fat diet enriched with milk minerals (MM period) or a regular diet (control period). In both the studies, blood variables were measured before and after the intervention and faecal and urine samples were collected at the end of the dietary periods. The increase in plasma total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations but not in HDL-cholesterol concentration was markedly lowered by milk minerals in both the studies. In the animal study, baseline adjusted total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in the MM group were 11 % (P= 0·004) and 13 % (P= 0·03) lower compared with those in the control group after the intervention. Similarly in the human study, baseline adjusted total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were 6 % (P= 0·002) and 9 % (P= 0·03) lower after the MM period compared with those in the control period. HDL-cholesterol concentration was not lowered by milk minerals. These short-term studies indicate that the addition of milk minerals to a high-fat diet to some extent attenuates the increase in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations, without affecting HDL-cholesterol concentration.

scholarly journals Effects of supplementation with combination of polyunsaturated oils in diet of horses in maintenance and during marcha training

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Isabela Alves Diniz e Sá ◽  
Stephânia Katurchi Mendes Melo ◽  
Helena Emília Cavalcanti da Costa Cordeiro Manso ◽  
Helio Cordeiro Manso Filho
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Nefa Concentration ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Triglyceride Content ◽  
Overnight Fasting ◽  
Mineral Concentrations

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementation with polyunsaturated oil on lipid and mineral blood biomarkers in two different groups of horses. Was used 6 healthy horses in maintenance (MT-g) and 10 healthy horses in marcha gait training (GT-g). The MT-g and the GT-g received 100mL and 300mL/day/animal of combination of polyunsaturated oils, respectively, during 8 weeks. Blood was collected in pre-test and after 4 and 8 weeks, after overnight fasting and it was measured: total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, NEFA, LPS, glycerol, Ca, P, Mg, and Cl. The supplementation produced significant increase in NEFA and reduction in lipase in both groups. In addition, the LPS content in both groups had a large decrease (~35%) from the pre-test to the 8th week of supplementation. In the MT-g, the LDL cholesterol and glycerol increased significantly after 4 weeks but returned to the pre-test levels after 8 weeks, and the triglyceride content decreased (~62%) after 4 weeks. The total cholesterol concentration in the GT-g increased after 4 weeks (~70%), but after 8 weeks it decreased to levels similar to those observed in the pre-test. The mineral biomarkers increased in the MT-g and GT-g, after 8 weeks. In the MT-g and in the GT-g, Ca decreased. In conclusion, supplementation with a combination of polyunsaturated oils increased NEFA concentration and reduced LPS activity in both groups, unlike the concentrations of the other biomarkers that showed different variations between groups, indicating that both NEFA and LPS the changes in their concentrations during supplementation may be more sensitive and more indicated for these types of evaluation. In addition, some blood mineral concentrations reduced significantly in both groups of horses, and thus, they need to be evaluated in horses under chronic oil supplementation

scholarly journals Hypocholesterolemic Activity of Kedawung (Parkia roxburghii)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-360
Author(s):  
Nurul Isnaini Fitriyana ◽  
Kosuke Nishi ◽  
Takuya Sugahara
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

The purpose of this study is to investigate the hypocholesterolemic activity of kedawung (Parkia roxburghii), an underutilized and lesss-known tree nut. Kedawung was prepared into kedawung powder (BK), kedawung extract (SK) and hydrolyzed kedawung (HK) and then analyzed for its proximate and total phenol content. Furthermore, SK and HK were administered to rats to evaluate their effects on the lipid profile. Oral administration of HK at 160 mg/kg body weight increased the HDL cholesterol level and lowered the LDL and total cholesterol levels in blood of the administered rats. Among groups of the administered rats that completed the 35-day treatment, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were significantly reduced (p0.01). The present data showed that kedawung has a hypocholesterolemic activity because of its phenolic content that acts as antioxidant that can bind cholesterol in blood; composition and distribution of amino acid in HK that changed the cholesterol metabolism (reduced cholesterol concentration); protein content in HK that increased the production of lipoprotein that plays a role in suppression of plaque and atherosclerosis. Therefore, hydrolyzed kedawung can be used as an hypocholesterolemic food material.

Platelet Aggregation and Plasma Lipoproteins in Alcoholics During Alcohol Withdrawal

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (02) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Desai ◽  
J S Owen ◽  
D T Wilson ◽  
R A Hutton
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Content ◽  
Low Density

SummaryPlatelet aggregation, platelet lipid composition and plasma lipoprotein concentrations were measured each week in a group of seventeen alcoholics, without overt liver disease, for one month, following acute, total alcohol withdrawal. The platelets were initially hypoaggregable but, within 1-2 weeks of cessation of drinking, they became hyperaggregable and then gradually returned towards normal values. Hyperaggregability could not be explained by increases in either the cholesterol or the arachidonic acid content of the platelets. Plasma very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels remained high throughout the study, but the initially raised levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol fell by 26%. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration rose by 10% after two weeks of withdrawal but then returned to about the starting level. The resulting changes in the plasma LDL-cholesterol: HDL-cholesterol ratio, which had increased by more than 50% after two weeks of abstinence, essentially paralleled the time course of enhanced platelet reactivity in all but four of the alcoholics. These findings suggest that alterations in plasma lipoprotein concentrations during acute alcohol withdrawal may be a contributory factor to the haemostatic disorders present in such patients.

Effects of diacerein intake on cardiometabolic profiles in type 2 diabetics: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyman Nowrouzi-Sohrabi ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Mohammad Jalali ◽  
Navid Jamali ◽  
Shahla Rezaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity

Introduction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials was undertaken to evaluate the effect of diacerein intake on cardiometabolic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to 31 July 2019. Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran’s Q test and I-square (I2 ) statistic. Data were pooled using random-effect models and weighted mean difference (WMD). Results: From 1,733 citations, seven clinical trials were eligible for inclusion and meta-analysis. A significant reduction in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD -0.73; 95%CI -1.25 to -0.21; P= 0.006; I2 = 72.2%) and body mass index (BMI) (WMD -0.55; 95%CI -1.03 to -0.07; P= 0.026; I2 = 9.5%) were identified. However, no significant effect of diacerein intake was identified on fasting blood sugar (FBS) (WMD - 9.00; 95%CI -22.57 to 4.57; P= 0.194; I2 = 60.5%), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD 0.39; 95%CI 0.95 to 1.73; P= 0.569; I2 = 2.2%), body weight (WMD -0.54; 95%CI -1.10 to 0.02; P= 0.059), triglycerides (WMD -0.56; 95%CI -24.16 to 23.03; P= 0.963; I2 = 0.0%), total-cholesterol (WMD -0.21; 95%CI -12.19 to 11.78; P= 0.973; I2 = 0.0%), HDL-cholesterol (WMD -0.96; 95%CI -2.85 to 0.93; P= 0.321; I2 = 0.0%), and LDL-cholesterol levels (WMD -0.09; 95%CI -8.43 to 8.25; P= 0.983; I2 = 37.8%). Conclusion: Diacerein intake may reduce HbA1c and BMI; however, no evidence of effect was observed for FBS, HOMA-IR, body weight, triglycerides, total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol or LDL-cholesterol.

Metabolic Syndrome in HIV-patients in Antiretroviral Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 388-395
Author(s):  
Daniel Vargas-Pacherrez ◽  
Helma P. Cotrim ◽  
Leonardo Pires ◽  
Vitor Cunha ◽  
Vitor Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Living With Hiv

Introduction: The global prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among people living with HIV/AIDS varies from 20% to 33%. Objective: to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors in a group of HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with HIV-infected patients from a reference center in Bahia, Brazil. We evaluated clinical, socio-demographic and anthropometric data. MS was defined according to the guidelines of International Diabetes Federation. Results: We evaluated 152 patients with mean age of 47.3±11.6 years, 59.2% male. The main comorbidities detected were diabetes (3.3%) hypertriglyceridemia (9.3%) and metabolic syndrome (MS,38.2%). Patients with MS were predominantly women (55.2% vs 31.9%; p=0.005), older [52.1 (10.4) vs 44.3 (11.3); p<0.001], and had overweight (74.1% vs 23.4%; p<0.001). After multivariate analysis MS remained associated with age (OR = 1.076; 95% CI: 1.030 – 1.125), female sex (OR = 2.452; 95% CI: 1.114 – 5.374) and family history of hypertension (OR = 3.678; 95% CI: 1.431 – 9.395). Conclusion: Almost half of the HIV-infected patients in Bahia presents with MS which seems to be driven by classical risk factors.

scholarly journals Impact of switching to TAF/FTC/RPV, TAF/FTC/EVG/cobi and ABC/3TC/DTG on cardiovascular risk and lipid profile in people living with HIV: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Giacomelli ◽  
Federico Conti ◽  
Laura Pezzati ◽  
Letizia Oreni ◽  
Anna Lisa Ridolfo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background We aimed to assess the overall cardiovascular and metabolic effect of the switch to three different single tablet regimens (STRs) [tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine/rilpivirine (TAF/FTC/RPV), TAF/FTC/elvitegravir/cobi (TAF/FTC/EVG/cobi) and ABC/lamivudine/dolutegravir (ABC/3TC/DTG)] in a cohort of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) under effective ART. Methods All PLWH aged above 18 years on antiretroviral treatment with an HIV-RNA < 50 cp/mL at the time of the switch to TAF/FTC/RPV, TAF/FTC/EVG/cobi and ABC/3TC/DTG were retrospectively included in the analysis. Framingham risk score modification after 12 months from the switch such as lipid profile and body weight modification were assessed. The change from baseline to 12 months in mean cardiovascular risk and body weight in each of the STR’s group were assessed by means of Wilcoxon signed-rank test whereas a mixed regression model was used to assess variation in lipid levels. Results Five-hundred and sixty PLWH were switched to an STR regimen of whom 170 (30.4%) to TAF/FTC/EVG/cobi, 191 (34.1%) to TAF/FTC/RPV and 199 (35.5%) to ABC/3TC/DTG. No difference in the Framingham cardiovascular risk score was observed after 12 months from the switch in each of the STR’s groups. No significant overtime variation in mean total cholesterol levels from baseline to 12 months was observed for PLWH switched to ABC/3TC/DTG [200 (SD 38) mg/dl vs 201 (SD 35) mg/dl; p = 0.610] whereas a significant increment was observed in PLWH switched to TAF/FTC/EVG/cobi [192 (SD 34) mg/dl vs 208 (SD 40) mg/dl; p < 0.0001] and TAF/FTC/RPV [187 (SD 34) mg/dl vs 195 (SD 35) mg/dl; p = 0.027]. In addition, a significant variation in the mean body weight from baseline to 12 months was observed in PLWH switched to TAF/FTC/EVG/cobi [72.2 (SD 13.5) kilograms vs 74.6 (SD 14.3) kilograms; p < 0.0001] and TAF/FTC/RPV [73.4 (SD 11.6) kilograms vs 75.6 (SD 11.8) kilograms; p < 0.0001] whereas no difference was observed in those switched to ABC/3TC/DTG [71.5 (SD 12.8) kilograms vs 72.1 (SD 12.6) kilograms; p = 0.478]. Conclusion No difference in the cardiovascular risk after 1 year from the switch to these STRs were observed. PLWH switched to TAF/FTC/EVG/cobi and TAF/FTC/RPV showed an increase in total cholesterol levels and body weight 12 months after the switch.

scholarly journals Community-based model for the delivery of antiretroviral therapy in Cambodia: a quasi-experimental study protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sovannary Tuot ◽  
Alvin Kuo Jing Teo ◽  
Kiesha Prem ◽  
Pheak Chhoun ◽  
Chamroen Pall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Art Delivery

Abstract Background Multi-month dispensing (MMD) is the mainstay mechanism for clinically stable people living with HIV in Cambodia to refill antiretroviral therapy (ART) every 3-6 months. However, less frequent ART dispensing through the community-based ART delivery (CAD) model could further reduce the clients’ and health facilities’ burden. While community-based services have been recognized as an integral component of HIV response in Cambodia, their role and effectiveness in ART delivery have yet to be systematically assessed. This study aims to evaluate the CAD model’s effectiveness on the continuum of care and treatment outcomes for stable people living with HIV in Cambodia. Methods We will conduct this quasi-experimental study in 20 ART clinics across the capital city and nine provinces between May 2021 and April 2023. Study sites were purposively selected based on the availability of implementing partners, the number of people living with HIV each clinic serves, and the accessibility of the clinics. In the intervention arm, approximately 2000 stable people living with HIV will receive ART and services from the CAD model. Another 2000 stable people living with HIV in the control arm will receive MMD—a standard care model for stable people living with HIV. The primary outcomes will be retention in care, viral load suppression, and adherence to ART. The secondary endpoints will include health providers’ work burden, the model’s cost-effectiveness, quality of life, mental health, social support, stigma, and discrimination. We will compare the outcome indicators within each arm at baseline, midline, and endline using descriptive and inferential statistics. We will evaluate the differences between the intervention and control arms using the difference-in-differences method. We will perform economic evaluations to determine if the intervention is cost-effective. Discussion This study will build the evidence base for future implementation and scale-up of CAD model in Cambodia and other similar settings. Furthermore, it will strengthen engagements with community stakeholders and further improve community mobilization, a vital pillar of the Cambodian HIV response. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04766710. Registered 23 February 2021, Version 1.

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