Effect of processing conditions on quality of juice extracted from hog plum fruit

The effect of processing conditions such as machine shaft speed, loading and level of ripeness of the Spondias mombin fruit on quality (i.e moisture, ash, fibre, fat and protein contents) of juice extracted were investigated in this study using a newly designed juice extractor for Spondias mombin fruit. The moisture content of the extracted juice was observed to initially decrease as the shaft speed increased from 120 to 130 rpm and then increased with increase in shaft speed from 130 to150 rpm. Increase in loading from 5 to 15 kg per time increased the moisture content of the juice at different shaft speeds. As the shaft speed and rate of loading per time increases, the ash content of the juice also increases. Increase in shaft speed also increased the fibre, fat and protein contents of the juice. The effect of the processing conditions considered indicates that separate and interactive effects of the three factors on the qaulity parameters of the juice were significant (p<0.05). Keywords: Hog plum, Ripeness, Machine, Processing, Juice, Quality

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Analysis of the Quality of Mixed Coconut Shell Waste Briquettes with Various Biomass Additives as Alternative Fuels

Journal of Earth Energy Science, Engineering, and Technology ◽

10.25105/jeeset.v4i2.9118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Yusraida Khairani Dalimunthe ◽

Sugiatmo Kasmungin ◽

Listiana Satiawati ◽

Thariq Madani ◽

Teuku Ananda Rizky

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Volatile Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Ash Content ◽

Coconut Shell ◽

Bamboo Charcoal ◽

A Value ◽

Shell Waste

The purpose of this study was to see the best quality of briquettes from the main ingredient of coconut shell waste with various biomass additives to see the calorific value, moisture content, ash content, and volatile matter content of the biomass mixture. Furthermore, further research will be carried out specifically to see the quality of briquettes from a mixture of coconut shell waste and sawdust. The method used in this research is to conduct a literature study of various literature related to briquettes from coconut shell waste mixed with various additives specifically and then look at the best quality briquettes produced from these various pieces of literature. As for what is determined as the control variable of this study is coconut shell waste and as an independent variable, namely coffee skin waste, rice husks, water hyacinth, Bintaro fruit, segon wood sawdust, coconut husk, durian skin, bamboo charcoal, areca nut skin, and leather waste. sago with a certain composition. Furthermore, this paper also describes the stages of making briquettes from coconut shell waste and sawdust for further testing of the calorific value, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content on a laboratory scale for further research. From various literatures, it was found that the highest calorific value was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and bamboo charcoal with a value of 7110.7288 cal / gr and the lowest calorific value was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and sago shell waste with a value of 114 cal / gr, then for the value The highest water content was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and rice husk with a value of 37.70% and the lowest water content value was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste 3.80%, then for the highest ash content value was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and coffee skin with a value of 20.862% and for the lowest ash content value obtained from a mixture of coconut shell and Bintaro fruit waste, namely 2%, and for the highest volatile matter content value obtained from a mixture of coconut shell and coconut husk waste with a value of 33.45% and for the value of volatile matter levels The lowest was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and sago skin waste with a value of 33 , 45%.

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The Use of Different Deacetylation Temperature Toward Quality of Chitosan Mud Crab Shell (Scylla serrata)

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/934/1/012092 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 934 (1) ◽

pp. 012092

Author(s):

R Karnila ◽

S Loekman ◽

S Humairah

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Ash Content ◽

Scylla Serrata ◽

Crab Shell ◽

Mud Crab ◽

Degree Of Deacetylation ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Chitin And Chitosan ◽

Two Stages

Abstract This research aims to determine the chemical composition (proximate) of chitosan and chitin, The best deacetylation temperature for obtaining chitosan, and the yield of chitosan and chitin from mud crab. This research was conducted in two stages, that is: 1) Preparation of mud crab flour and 2) Extraction and analysis of chitin and chitosan. The experimental design used for chitosan isolation was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The process of deacetylation chitin becomes chitosan by using 50% NaOH with varying heating temperatures (120, 130, and 140°C). Parameters observed were yield, moisture content, ash content, and degrees of deacetylation. The result showed that the best chitosan was obtained by chitin deacetylation process into chitosan using a temperature of 130°C (KO2). Characteristics quality of the chitosan mud crab shell produced are KO1: yield 61.00%, moisture content 6.47%, ash content 17.18% (db), and degree of deacetylation 49.63%. KO2: yield 59.94%, moisture content 6.48%, ash content 14.85% (db) with degree of deacetylation 51.13%. KO3: yield 53,97, moisture content 6.54%, ash content 14.66% (db) and degree of deacetylation 52.63%. Characteristic quality of chitin included yield was 27.81%, moisture content 7.29%, ash 44.05%, and degree of deacetylation 33.09%.

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Acid and calcium alginate extraction method affected the quality of alginate from brown seaweed Sargasum hystrix J. Agardh

Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia ◽

10.17844/jphpi.v21i3.24737 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 532

Author(s):

Ivana M. Diharningrum ◽

Amir Husni

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Sodium Alginate ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Calcium Alginate ◽

Functional Group ◽

Brown Seaweed ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Ash Content ◽

Alginate Extraction

Seaweed is one of the marine biological resources of Indonesia that has a high potential to produce alginate, however, the most appropiate method to extract the alginate of high quality is still unknown. This study was aimed to determine the effects of extraction methods on the quality of alginate from seaweed Sargassum hystrix and compared the extraction cost. Two extraction methods were used in this study including acidic and calcium method. The yield, moisture content, viscosity, pH, whiteness degree, functional group, ash content and extraction cost were evaluated. The viscosity and whiteness degree of sodium alginate from acidic method was 126.00±7.21 cPs and 75.27±0.58 cPs, respectively. Meanwhile the calcium method produced sodium alginate with viscosity 7.23±1.50 cPs and whiteness degree 68.95±0.18 cPs. The yield, moisture content, and ash content of alginate produced by acidic method were lower compare to that of produced by calcium method. Cost analysis showed the acidic method required higher cost. Nevertheless, these resultssuggest that acidic method produce alginate with better quality than the calcium method.

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Study of Some Wood-charcoal Characters Produced from Some Tree Species of Duhok Province

The Journal of The University of Duhok ◽

10.26682/ajuod.2020.23.2.18 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 146-152

Author(s):

Dilgash Fayeq Yaseen ◽

Mohammed Amin Yasin Taha ◽

Hasan Saleem Nabi ◽

Abdulaziz Jameel Younis

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Wood Species ◽

Volatile Matter ◽

Ash Content ◽

Wood Charcoal ◽

Populus Alba ◽

Kurdistan Region ◽

Fixed Carbon ◽

Salix Alba

This investigation was done in the laboratory of college of agricultural engineering sciences – University of Duhok to study some wood-charcoal quality produced from some local wood species in Kurdistan region Iraq. In market, the quality of wood charcoal produced from tree species is varied due to divers’ anatomical structure and carbonizing temperature process. As a consequence, understanding the factors controlling the quality of wood charcoal is an important issue for both producers (sellers) and consumers (buyers). In most charcoal factories, wood charcoal are produced without determining of their quality whereas each quality of wood charcoal has its own properties, price and uses. The quality of charcoal made from some selected local wood species (Quercus aegilops, Salix alba, Malus domestica, and Populus alba) were evaluated. The woods species were collected from Zaxo district of Duhok province and were transformed into wood-charcoal using a steel kiln for pyrolysis. The analysis of physical and chemicals such moisture content percentage [MCP] , volatile matter percentage [VMP] , ash content percentage [ACP] and fixed carbon percentage [FCP], of the produced wood-charcoal were proximately resolved using the (ASTM D3176 – 15) method. The results showed, for the first time on all around the Kurdistan region of Iraq, the quality of wood charcoal produced from these wood species. The highest value off moisture content (2.375%) was with Malus domisteca as compared with Populus alba which was (1.000%), highest volatile matter (21.125%) was with Quercus aegilpops compared with Populus alba (4.125%), high ash content recorded (4.875%) with Quercus aegilpops compared with Salix alba (2.250%) and the fixed carbon was greater value in Populus alba which was (92.125%) compared with Quercus aegilpops (72.875%). In addition, these species present significant divergence in term of good quality of wood charcoal and the (populous alba) gave the superior quality of wood charcoal from the rest wood species. Therefore, the results of this study have a high assessment for managers of Kurdistan governmental and private charcoal factories as a suggestion which wood species is suitable in order to achieve better quality of wood charcoal.

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Pengaruh Jenis Ikan dan Metode Pemasakan terhadap Mutu Abon Ikan

Jurnal FishtecH ◽

10.36706/fishtech.v7i2.5679 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 138-147

Author(s):

Chairil - Anwar

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Protein Content ◽

Fish Species ◽

Fat Content ◽

Ash Content ◽

Fish Processing ◽

Cooking Method ◽

Fish Meat ◽

Good Taste

Fish is one source of animal protein that is widely consumed by society, is easy to get, and the price is cheap. But fish quickly experience the process of decay. Therefore, fish preservation should be known to all levels of society. One of the products of fish processing through the process of preservation is abon. Abon fish is a type of preserved food made from fish that are seasoned, processed by boiling, frying and pressing or separating oil. The resulting product has a soft shape, good taste, distinctive smell, and has a long-lasting power. This study aims to examine the effect of fish species and the method of cooking fish meat is the steaming and boiling treatment of the quality of fish produced abon. The results showed that fish species had a significant effect (P ? 0,01) on protein content, moisture content, fat content, ash content and color organoleptic value, and not significant (P> 0,05) to yield, the organoleptic value of texture, aroma, and flavor. The method of cooking fish meat was very significant (P ? 0,01) to protein content, fat content and not significant (P> 0,05) to yield, water content, ash content, the organoleptic value of texture, aroma, color, and flavor. The interaction between fish species and cooking method of fish meat had no significant effect (P> 0,05) on all parameters except on yield of abon fish produced.

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PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH LUMPUR IPAL KAWASAN INDUSTRI DAN SERBUK GERGAJI KAYU MENJADI BRIKET

Jukung (Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan) ◽

10.20527/jukung.v5i1.6192 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sissar Eka Bimantara ◽

Euis Nurul Hidayah

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Research Methodology ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Quality Standards ◽

Ash Content ◽

Heating Value ◽

Wood Sawdust ◽

Quality Testing ◽

Heat Value

Lumpur IPAL pada Kawasan Industri sampai saat ini belum dapat dimanfaatkan dengan baik, pemanfaatan lumpur IPAL menjadi briket merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan limbah lumpur IPAL. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui lumpur IPAL dengan campuran serbuk gergaji kayu dapat dijadikan bahan bakar alternatif berupa briket, mengetahui pengaruh variasi lumpur IPAL dan serbuk gergaji kayu terhadap mutu briket berupa kadar abu, nilai kalor, kadar air , dan mengetahui komposisi terbaik antara lumpur IPAL dan serbuk gergaji kayu untuk menghasilkan nilai kalor optimum pada briket. Metodologi penelitian meliputi pengeringan bahan, karbonisasi bahan, penghalusan dan penyaringan bahan 20 mesh (841 µm), 40 mesh (420µm), dan 60 mesh (250 µm), pencetakan dan pengepresan briket, serta pengeringan briket. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji mutu briket, hasil analisis pada briket terbaik terdapat pada perbandingan 20 : 80 dengan menggunakan ayakan 60 mesh, memiliki nilai kalor 4366,8 kal/g, kadar air 1,26% dan kadar abu 1,32%. Nilai kalor pada briket masih belum memenuhi baku mutu dari SNI 4931 Tahun 2010, Minimnya nilai kalor yang dihasilkan bisa juga karena variabel perlakuan, dengan perbandingan yang dilakukan terhadap lumpur dan serbuk gergaji serta menggunakan ukuran ayakan yang berbeda. Kata Kunci : briket, lumpur IPAL, serbuk gergaji kayu. IPAL sludge in the Ngoro Persada Industry has yet to be utilized properly, utilizing IPAL sludge into briquettes is one of the efforts to solve this problem. The aim of this research was to determine the IPAL sludge with a mixture of wood sawdust can be used as an alternative fuel in the form of briquettes, to determine the effect of variations in IPAL sludge and wood sawdust on the quality of briquettes in the form of heat value, ash content and moisture content as well as knowing the best composition between IPAL sludge and wood sawdust to produce briquettes with the best heating value. The research methodology included material drying, carbonization of materials, refining and filtering of 20 mesh (841 μm), 40 mesh (420μm), and 60 mesh (250 μm), printing and pressing briquettes, and briquette drying. Furthermore, briquette quality testing was conducted, the results showed that the best briquettes were at a ratio of 20: 80 using 60 mesh sleve, having a heating value of 4366.8 cal / g, 1.26% moisture content and 1.32% ash content. The calorific value of briquettes still does not meet the quality standards of SNI 4931 of 2010, the lack of heat value produced can also be due to treatment variables, with the comparison carried out on sludge and wood sawdust and using different sieve sizes. Keywords: briquettes, IPAL sludge, wood sawdust.

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STUDI PEMBUATAN PERMEN JELLY DARI KOMBINASI NANAS (Ananas comosus L.) DAN JERUK SAMBAL (Citrus microcarpa)

Pro Food ◽

10.29303/profood.v6i2.146 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 749

Author(s):

Eva Mayasari ◽

Tri Rahayuni ◽

Nurul Erfiana

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Food Product ◽

Ash Content ◽

National Standard ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Average Score ◽

Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT Jelly candy from combination of pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) and calamansi (Citrus microcarpa) is an alternative food product. The aim this study is to provide the best quality of jelly candy from the combination of pineapple and calamansi juices. This study used Randomized Block Design with one factor was combination of pineapple : calamansi consisting of 6 levels are 100:0%, 90:10%, 80:20%, 70:30%, 60:40%, 50:50%. Each treatment replicated 4 times therefore obtained 24 samples combination. The combination of 80% pineapple and 20% calamansi is the best treatment with a mean of moisture content 19,34%, ash content 0,30%, vitamin C 15,97mg/100G, total dissolved solids 24,500brix, pH 3,29, hardness level 0,05 kG force, the average score of the panelists preference the taste, appearance, and aroma has like (5,04), like (5,28), like (5,12), respectively. Moisture and ash content are in the levels of jelly candy qualify according to National Standard of Indonesia (SNI: 02-3547-2008), i.e., maximum moisture content of 20,0% and a maximum ash content of 3,0%. Keywords: pineapple, calamansi, combination, jelly candy, fruit juice. ABSTRAK Permen jelly dari penambahan kombinasi nanas (Ananas comosus L.) dan jeruk sambal (Citrus microcarpa) merupakan salah satu alternatif produk pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan karakteristik terbaik permen jelly dari kombinasi sari buah nanas dan jeruk sambal. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 1 faktor perlakuan terdiri dari 6 taraf yaitu kombinasi sari buah nanas dan jeruk sambal terdiri dari 100:0%, 90:10%, 80:20%, 70:30%, 60:40%, 50:50%. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali sehingga diperoleh 24 sampel kombinasi. Kombinasi 80% nanas dan 20% jeruk sambal merupakan perlakuan terbaik berdasakan kadar air sebesar 19,34%, kadar abu sebesar 0,30%, vitamin C sebesar 15,97 mG/100G, total padatan terlarut sebesar 24,500brix, pH sebesar 3,29, tingkat kekerasan sebesar 0,05 kG force. Rerata skor kesukaan panelis terhadap rasa, warna, dan aroma berturut-turut adalah menyukai (5,04), menyukai (5,28), menyukai (5,12). Kadar air dan kadar abu permen jelly yang dihasilkan memenuhi syarat mutu SNI 02-3547-2008, yaitu kadar air maksimal 20,0% dan kadar abu maksimal 3,0%. Kata Kunci : nanas, jeruk sambal, kombinasi, permen jelly, sari buah.

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Optimization of Extraction Temperature on The Quality of Alginate from Seaweed Sargassum muticum

Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia ◽

10.17844/jphpi.v22i1.25893 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 164

Author(s):

Rizqi Wahyu Herdianto ◽

Amir Husni

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Sodium Alginate ◽

Ash Content ◽

Sargassum Muticum ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Food Industries ◽

The Difference ◽

Effect On Yield ◽

Alginate Extraction

Seaweed is one of Indonesia’s marine biological resources which has potential to produce alginate which can be used for food and non-food industries. Several studies had been carried out in an effort to improve the quality of alginate extraction. This study aims to determine the effect of extraction temperature on the quality of sodium alginate from Sargassum muticum. This study used variations in extraction temperatures, namely 30; 40; 50; 60 and 70°C. The parameters observed included yield (%), moisture content (%), ash content (%), pH, whiteness degree and functional groups of alginate. The results showed that the difference in extraction temperature of sodium alginate had a significant effect on yield and viscosity, but did not significantly affect water content, ash content, and whiteness degree. Extraction temperature of 60°C produced the best yield and viscosity, 14.90±2.26% and 236.10±36.61 cPs, respectively.

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Kombinasi Campuran Limbah Moulding dan Kayu HTI untuk Pellet Kayu sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif

Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri ◽

10.26578/jrti.v2i3.1405 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 20-28

Author(s):

Suroto HS ◽

Yuliansyah Yuliansyah

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

International Market ◽

Ash Content ◽

Density Parameter ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Caloric Value ◽

Tile Size

Eventhough the poteify waste into wood savinncy of timber and thenumber of active moulding industries are deccreasinq racently, the demand of moulding products is still hight. Actually the waste of moulding can be utillized for fuel but the waste must be treatedpreviosly. The treatment is to classify weste into wood saving, woodplaning and sawdust. Tile size wood saving and wood planing ware reduced by using a hemmer mill, after that the wastes were screened.wilile the sawdust was screened directly. Them. all screened wood were combined wiht the screened wood from timber estate. All of these materials were mixed together with cassava glue. Pellet is an alternative source of fuel. The quality of produced pellet is 0.49- 0.80 gr/cm3 for density parameter. 2.40 - 9.64% for moisture content, and0.15 - 1.08% for ash content. These properties meet the requirements of national and international market. How ever; parameter of gross caloric value of pellet. which was 4042 - 4380 cal/g. did not meet the requirements.

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PENINGKATAN KUALITAS EFLUEN SISTEM LUMPUR AKTIF LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI TAHU DENGAN VARIASI BERAT ARANG AKTIF TERHADAP VOLUME EFLUEN MENGGUNAKAN ARANG AKTIF KAYU ULIN (Eusideroxylon zwageri)

EnviroScienteae ◽

10.20527/es.v12i3.2448 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 225

Author(s):

Handayani Handayani ◽

Danang Biyatmoko ◽

Abdullah Abdullah ◽

Jamzuri Hadie

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Activated Sludge ◽

Activated Charcoal ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Ash Content ◽

Wood Charcoal ◽

Weight Variation ◽

Optimum Weight

The purpose of this study was to (1) analyze the effect of the activation of iron wood charcoal towards improving the quality of activated charcoal based on moisture content, ash content and adsorption I2, (2) analyze the effect of weight variation activated iron wood charcoal in the activated sludge effluent to temperature parameter, TSS, pH, BOD5, COD and Ammonia, as well as getting the weight ratio of optimum active iron wood charcoal toward activated sludge effluent. The research design used a completely randomized design. The variation of weight variation of active charcoal from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 g with 3 (three) repetitions. This Research was done at the laboratory of Badan Lingkungan Hidup Banjarbaru. The conclusion of this study was that the effect of the activation of ironwood charcoal towards improvement of the quality of activated charcoal were moisture content, ash content and adsorption I2 obtained before activation was 3,02%; 2,41% and 609 mg/g, while moisture content, ash contents and adsorption I2 after being activated were 2,88%; 2,02 % and 685 mg/g. The moisture content and ash contents had reached the quality standard of SNI 06–3730-1995, but the adsorption I2 not yet. The eEffect of weight variation activated charcoal ironwood in the effluent sludge to the temperature, TSS, pH, BOD5, COD and ammonia parameter based on F-test results were highly significant (p<0,01). The parameter of temperature and pH increased as the weight of activated charcoal ironwood increased. The parameter of TSS, BOD5, COD and ammonia decreased as the weight of activated ironwood charcoal. The Parameter that did not reach the quality standard were COD and Ammonia. Optimum weight activated charcoal ironwood active against effluent activated sludge of 6 g. Optimum weight activated ironwood charcoal obtained temperature, TSS, pH, BOD5, COD and ammonia. The values of each were 27,7 0C; 35,7 mg/L; 9,01; 44,2 mg/L; 108 mg/L and 15,2 mg/L.

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