Kombinasi Campuran Limbah Moulding dan Kayu HTI untuk Pellet Kayu sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Suroto HS ◽  
Yuliansyah Yuliansyah
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
International Market ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Density Parameter ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Caloric Value ◽  
Tile Size

Eventhough  the poteify waste into wood savinncy of timber and thenumber of active moulding industries are deccreasinq  racently, the demand  of moulding products  is still  hight.  Actually  the waste  of moulding  can be utillized  for  fuel but  the  waste  must be  treatedpreviosly. The treatment is to classify weste into wood saving, woodplaning and sawdust. Tile size wood saving and wood planing ware reduced by using a hemmer mill, after that the wastes were screened.wilile  the sawdust was screened directly.  Them. all screened wood were combined  wiht the screened  wood from timber  estate. All of these materials were mixed together with cassava glue. Pellet is an alternative source of fuel. The quality of produced pellet is 0.49- 0.80 gr/cm3 for density parameter. 2.40 - 9.64%  for moisture content, and0.15   -    1.08%   for   ash   content.  These   properties   meet   the requirements   of  national   and   international    market.   How ever; parameter  of gross caloric value of pellet.  which  was 4042 -  4380 cal/g. did not meet the requirements.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Quality of Mixed Coconut Shell Waste Briquettes with Various Biomass Additives as Alternative Fuels

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusraida Khairani Dalimunthe ◽  
Sugiatmo Kasmungin ◽  
Listiana Satiawati ◽  
Thariq Madani ◽  
Teuku Ananda Rizky
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Bamboo Charcoal ◽  
A Value ◽  
Shell Waste

The purpose of this study was to see the best quality of briquettes from the main ingredient of coconut shell waste<br />with various biomass additives to see the calorific value, moisture content, ash content, and volatile matter<br />content of the biomass mixture. Furthermore, further research will be carried out specifically to see the quality of<br />briquettes from a mixture of coconut shell waste and sawdust. The method used in this research is to conduct a<br />literature study of various literature related to briquettes from coconut shell waste mixed with various additives<br />specifically and then look at the best quality briquettes produced from these various pieces of literature. As for<br />what is determined as the control variable of this study is coconut shell waste and as an independent variable,<br />namely coffee skin waste, rice husks, water hyacinth, Bintaro fruit, segon wood sawdust, coconut husk, durian<br />skin, bamboo charcoal, areca nut skin, and leather waste. sago with a certain composition. Furthermore, this<br />paper also describes the stages of making briquettes from coconut shell waste and sawdust for further testing of<br />the calorific value, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content on a laboratory scale for further<br />research. From various literatures, it was found that the highest calorific value was obtained from a mixture of<br />coconut shell waste and bamboo charcoal with a value of 7110.7288 cal / gr and the lowest calorific value was<br />obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and sago shell waste with a value of 114 cal / gr, then for the value<br />The highest water content was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and rice husk with a value of<br />37.70% and the lowest water content value was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste 3.80%, then for the<br />highest ash content value was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and coffee skin with a value of<br />20.862% and for the lowest ash content value obtained from a mixture of coconut shell and Bintaro fruit waste,<br />namely 2%, and for the highest volatile matter content value obtained from a mixture of coconut shell and coconut<br />husk waste with a value of 33.45% and for the value of volatile matter levels The lowest was obtained from a<br />mixture of coconut shell waste and sago skin waste with a value of 33 , 45%.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of pink pepper seeds (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi.) as a function of storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-157
Author(s):  
Thaísa De Oliveira Silveira ◽  
Madelon Rodrigues Braz ◽  
Gilmara Pires de Moura Palermo ◽  
Tiago Böer Breier
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
And Storage

Seeds of native forest species for food and seedling production have a growing demand that impacts the need for studies involving seed storage in order to maintain good levels of germination quality. Thus, scientific analyzes that explore the physiological potential of the seeds of these species are necessary, especially for the pink pepper (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi.), a species used as an alternative source of income for traditional communities and which has been arousing interest due to the consumption of its fruits as a condiment in the national and international market. This work aimed to assess the physiological quality of pink pepper seeds according to the storage period and seed size. The seeds came from a rural settlement, a pioneer in the extraction of pink pepper, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The seeds were evaluated for moisture content, germination, first count, length and dry weight of the germinated seedlings, during the period of time that they remained stored and the size of the seeds. The results allowed to conclude that: i) the germinative percentage of the stored pink pepper seeds decreased over the months; ii) the moisture content of the seeds decreased over the months evaluated iii) the different sizes of seeds did not show differences in germination and storage time and iv) values of length and dry weight of the seedlings did not differ according to the period of storage.

scholarly journals The Use of Different Deacetylation Temperature Toward Quality of Chitosan Mud Crab Shell (Scylla serrata)

2021 ◽  
Vol 934 (1) ◽  
pp. 012092
Author(s):  
R Karnila ◽  
S Loekman ◽  
S Humairah
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Crab Shell ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Degree Of Deacetylation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan ◽  
Two Stages

Abstract This research aims to determine the chemical composition (proximate) of chitosan and chitin, The best deacetylation temperature for obtaining chitosan, and the yield of chitosan and chitin from mud crab. This research was conducted in two stages, that is: 1) Preparation of mud crab flour and 2) Extraction and analysis of chitin and chitosan. The experimental design used for chitosan isolation was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The process of deacetylation chitin becomes chitosan by using 50% NaOH with varying heating temperatures (120, 130, and 140°C). Parameters observed were yield, moisture content, ash content, and degrees of deacetylation. The result showed that the best chitosan was obtained by chitin deacetylation process into chitosan using a temperature of 130°C (KO2). Characteristics quality of the chitosan mud crab shell produced are KO1: yield 61.00%, moisture content 6.47%, ash content 17.18% (db), and degree of deacetylation 49.63%. KO2: yield 59.94%, moisture content 6.48%, ash content 14.85% (db) with degree of deacetylation 51.13%. KO3: yield 53,97, moisture content 6.54%, ash content 14.66% (db) and degree of deacetylation 52.63%. Characteristic quality of chitin included yield was 27.81%, moisture content 7.29%, ash 44.05%, and degree of deacetylation 33.09%.

scholarly journals PENGARUH SUHU DAN WAKTU KARBONISASI TERHADAP NILAI KALOR DAN KARAKTERISTIK PADA PEMBUATAN BIOARANG BERBAHAN BAKU PELEPAH AREN (Arenga pinnata)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Erwin Junary ◽  
Julham Prasetya Pane ◽  
Netti Herlina
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Renewable Biomass ◽  
Volatile Matter Content ◽  
Temperature Variable

The availability of the petroleum fuels that deprived from fossil is depleted with the increase of human population. The challenge for this fuel shortage crisis can certainly be anticipated with the manufacture of fuels deprived from renewable biomass. The study of this research is to create a biocharcoal deprived from sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) with the optimum carbonization time and temperature in order to obtain a biocharcoal with the highest calorific value. Biocharcoal is a charcoal created from biomass. The study of the determination of the optimum conditions for the manufacture of biocharcoal from sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) has a temperature variable of 300, 350, 400, 450 and 500 0C and time variable of 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Sugar palm was first cut into a small pieces and dried up under the sun and then put into a furnace to carbonate it according to the predetermined variables. The product from furnace was then put inside a desicator to cool it off for 30 minutes and then analyze it with moisture content test, ash content test, volatile matter content test, carbon content test and calorific value test. The best result was obtained at the temperature of 350 0C and 120 minutes of carbonization with the calorific value of 8611,2581 cal/gr, moisture content of %, ash content of %, volatile matter content of % and carbon content of %. Based of the calorific value obtained, the result shows that sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) biocharcoal could be utilize as an renewable alternative source fuels

scholarly journals Acid and calcium alginate extraction method affected the quality of alginate from brown seaweed Sargasum hystrix J. Agardh

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Ivana M. Diharningrum ◽  
Amir Husni
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Alginate Extraction

Seaweed is one of the marine biological resources of Indonesia that has a high potential to produce alginate, however, the most appropiate method to extract the alginate of high quality is still unknown. This study was aimed to determine the effects of extraction methods on the quality of alginate from seaweed Sargassum hystrix and compared the extraction cost. Two extraction methods were used in this study including acidic and calcium method. The yield, moisture content, viscosity, pH, whiteness degree, functional group, ash content and extraction cost were evaluated. The viscosity and whiteness degree of sodium alginate from acidic method was 126.00±7.21 cPs and 75.27±0.58 cPs, respectively. Meanwhile the calcium method produced sodium alginate with viscosity 7.23±1.50 cPs and whiteness degree 68.95±0.18 cPs. The yield, moisture content, and ash content of alginate produced by acidic method were lower compare to that of produced by calcium method. Cost analysis showed the acidic method required higher cost. Nevertheless, these resultssuggest that acidic method produce alginate with better quality than the calcium method.

Improved Sawdust Briquette: An Alternative Source of Fuel

2009 ◽  
Vol 62-64 ◽  
pp. 769-773
Author(s):  
J.O. Osarenmwinda ◽  
S. Imoebe
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Alternate Source

The production of an improved sawdust briquette, as an alternate source of fuel has been achieved. In addition to sawdust other constituents of the briquette were silica (sharp sand), starch and kerosene. The density, ash content, calorific values and moisture content of briquette were determined. The composition of starch and kerosene was constant throughout the experiment. It was observed that as silica percentage was increased, there was an increase in the briquette calorific value until maximum value of 20%. The sample which gave the best calorific value was with percentage compositions of 60% sawdust, 20% silica (sharp sand), 5% kerosene and 15% starch with a calorific value of 12.68mJ/kg .The produced briquette had a higher calorific value than wood and other agro waste it was compared with.

scholarly journals Study of Some Wood-charcoal Characters Produced from Some Tree Species of Duhok Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
Dilgash Fayeq Yaseen ◽  
Mohammed Amin Yasin Taha ◽  
Hasan Saleem Nabi ◽  
Abdulaziz Jameel Younis
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Wood Charcoal ◽  
Populus Alba ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Salix Alba

This investigation was done in the laboratory of college of agricultural engineering sciences – University of Duhok to study some wood-charcoal quality produced from some local wood species in Kurdistan region Iraq. In market, the quality of wood charcoal produced from tree species is varied due to divers’ anatomical structure and carbonizing temperature process. As a consequence, understanding the factors controlling the quality of wood charcoal is an important issue for both producers (sellers) and consumers (buyers). In most charcoal factories, wood charcoal are produced without determining of their quality whereas each quality of wood charcoal has its own properties, price and uses. The quality of charcoal made from some selected local wood species (Quercus aegilops, Salix alba, Malus domestica, and Populus alba) were evaluated. The woods species were collected from Zaxo district of Duhok province and were transformed into wood-charcoal using a steel kiln for pyrolysis. The analysis of physical and chemicals such moisture content percentage [MCP] , volatile matter percentage [VMP] , ash content percentage [ACP] and fixed carbon percentage [FCP], of the produced wood-charcoal were proximately resolved using the (ASTM D3176 – 15) method. The results showed, for the first time on all around the Kurdistan region of Iraq, the quality of wood charcoal produced from these wood species. The highest value off moisture content (2.375%) was with Malus domisteca as compared with Populus alba which was (1.000%), highest volatile matter (21.125%) was with Quercus aegilpops compared with Populus alba (4.125%), high ash content recorded (4.875%) with Quercus aegilpops compared with Salix alba (2.250%) and the fixed carbon was greater value in Populus alba which was (92.125%) compared with Quercus aegilpops (72.875%). In addition, these species present significant divergence in term of good quality of wood charcoal and the (populous alba) gave the superior quality of wood charcoal from the rest wood species. Therefore, the results of this study have a high assessment for managers of Kurdistan governmental and private charcoal factories as a suggestion which wood species is suitable in order to achieve better quality of wood charcoal.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Jenis Ikan dan Metode Pemasakan terhadap Mutu Abon Ikan

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-147
Author(s):  
Chairil - Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Cooking Method ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Good Taste

Fish is one source of animal protein that is widely consumed by society, is easy to get, and the price is cheap. But fish quickly experience the process of decay. Therefore, fish preservation should be known to all levels of society. One of the products of fish processing through the process of preservation is abon. Abon fish is a type of preserved food made from fish that are seasoned, processed by boiling, frying and pressing or separating oil. The resulting product has a soft shape, good taste, distinctive smell, and has a long-lasting power. This study aims to examine the effect of fish species and the method of cooking fish meat is the steaming and boiling treatment of the quality of fish produced abon. The results showed that fish species had a significant effect (P ? 0,01) on protein content, moisture content, fat content, ash content and color organoleptic value, and not significant (P> 0,05) to yield, the organoleptic value of texture, aroma, and flavor. The method of cooking fish meat was very significant (P ? 0,01) to protein content, fat content and not significant (P> 0,05) to yield, water content, ash content, the organoleptic value of texture, aroma, color, and flavor. The interaction between fish species and cooking method of fish meat had no significant effect (P> 0,05) on all parameters except on yield of abon fish produced.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH LUMPUR IPAL KAWASAN INDUSTRI DAN SERBUK GERGAJI KAYU MENJADI BRIKET

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sissar Eka Bimantara ◽  
Euis Nurul Hidayah
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
Quality Testing ◽  
Heat Value

Lumpur IPAL pada Kawasan Industri sampai saat ini belum dapat dimanfaatkan dengan baik, pemanfaatan lumpur IPAL menjadi briket merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan limbah lumpur IPAL. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui lumpur IPAL dengan campuran serbuk gergaji kayu dapat dijadikan bahan bakar alternatif berupa briket, mengetahui pengaruh variasi lumpur IPAL dan serbuk gergaji kayu terhadap mutu briket berupa kadar abu, nilai kalor, kadar air , dan mengetahui komposisi terbaik antara lumpur IPAL dan serbuk gergaji kayu untuk menghasilkan nilai kalor optimum pada briket. Metodologi penelitian meliputi pengeringan bahan, karbonisasi bahan, penghalusan dan penyaringan bahan 20 mesh (841 µm), 40 mesh (420µm), dan 60 mesh (250 µm), pencetakan dan pengepresan briket, serta pengeringan briket. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji mutu briket, hasil analisis pada briket terbaik terdapat pada perbandingan 20 : 80 dengan menggunakan ayakan 60 mesh, memiliki nilai kalor 4366,8 kal/g, kadar air 1,26% dan kadar abu 1,32%. Nilai kalor pada briket masih belum memenuhi baku mutu dari SNI 4931 Tahun 2010, Minimnya nilai kalor yang dihasilkan bisa juga karena variabel perlakuan, dengan perbandingan yang dilakukan terhadap lumpur dan serbuk gergaji serta menggunakan ukuran ayakan yang berbeda. Kata Kunci : briket, lumpur IPAL, serbuk gergaji kayu. IPAL sludge in the Ngoro Persada Industry has yet to be utilized properly, utilizing IPAL sludge into briquettes is one of the efforts to solve this problem. The aim of this research was to determine the IPAL sludge with a mixture of wood sawdust can be used as an alternative fuel in the form of briquettes, to determine the effect of variations in IPAL sludge and wood sawdust on the quality of briquettes in the form of heat value, ash content and moisture content as well as knowing the best composition between IPAL sludge and wood sawdust to produce briquettes with the best heating value. The research methodology included material drying, carbonization of materials, refining and filtering of 20 mesh (841 μm), 40 mesh (420μm), and 60 mesh (250 μm), printing and pressing briquettes, and briquette drying. Furthermore, briquette quality testing was conducted, the results showed that the best briquettes were at a ratio of 20: 80 using 60 mesh sleve, having a heating value of 4366.8 cal / g, 1.26% moisture content and 1.32% ash content. The calorific value of briquettes still does not meet the quality standards of SNI 4931 of 2010, the lack of heat value produced can also be due to treatment variables, with the comparison carried out on sludge and wood sawdust and using different sieve sizes. Keywords: briquettes, IPAL sludge, wood sawdust.

scholarly journals STUDI PEMBUATAN PERMEN JELLY DARI KOMBINASI NANAS (Ananas comosus L.) DAN JERUK SAMBAL (Citrus microcarpa)

Pro Food ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 749
Author(s):  
Eva Mayasari ◽  
Tri Rahayuni ◽  
Nurul Erfiana
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT   Jelly candy from combination of pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) and calamansi (Citrus microcarpa) is an alternative food product. The aim this study is to provide the best quality of jelly candy from the combination of pineapple and calamansi juices. This study used Randomized Block Design with one factor was combination of pineapple : calamansi consisting of 6 levels are 100:0%, 90:10%, 80:20%, 70:30%, 60:40%, 50:50%. Each treatment replicated 4 times therefore obtained  24 samples combination. The combination of 80% pineapple and 20% calamansi is the best treatment with a mean of moisture content 19,34%, ash content 0,30%, vitamin C 15,97mg/100G, total dissolved solids 24,500brix, pH 3,29, hardness level 0,05 kG force, the average score of the panelists preference the taste, appearance, and aroma has like (5,04), like (5,28), like (5,12), respectively. Moisture and ash content are in the levels of jelly candy qualify according to National Standard of Indonesia (SNI: 02-3547-2008), i.e., maximum moisture content of 20,0% and a maximum ash content of 3,0%.   Keywords: pineapple, calamansi, combination, jelly candy, fruit juice.   ABSTRAK   Permen jelly dari penambahan kombinasi nanas (Ananas comosus L.) dan jeruk sambal (Citrus microcarpa) merupakan salah satu alternatif produk pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan karakteristik terbaik permen jelly dari kombinasi sari buah nanas dan jeruk sambal. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 1 faktor perlakuan terdiri dari 6 taraf yaitu kombinasi sari buah nanas dan jeruk sambal terdiri dari 100:0%, 90:10%, 80:20%, 70:30%, 60:40%, 50:50%. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali sehingga diperoleh 24 sampel kombinasi. Kombinasi 80% nanas dan 20% jeruk sambal merupakan perlakuan terbaik berdasakan kadar air sebesar 19,34%, kadar abu sebesar 0,30%, vitamin C sebesar 15,97 mG/100G, total padatan terlarut sebesar 24,500brix, pH sebesar 3,29, tingkat kekerasan sebesar 0,05 kG force. Rerata skor kesukaan panelis terhadap rasa, warna, dan aroma berturut-turut adalah menyukai (5,04), menyukai (5,28), menyukai (5,12). Kadar air dan kadar abu permen jelly yang dihasilkan memenuhi syarat mutu SNI 02-3547-2008, yaitu kadar air maksimal 20,0% dan kadar abu maksimal 3,0%.   Kata Kunci : nanas, jeruk sambal, kombinasi, permen jelly, sari buah.

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