scholarly journals Histiocytosis in Nigerian children: A report of two variants

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
E. Udo ◽  
I. Precious Oloyede ◽  
E.U. Bassey ◽  
O. Udoh
Keyword(s):  
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Histochemical Analysis ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Nigerian Children ◽  
Massive Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Immunohistochemistry Analysis ◽  
S 100 ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Rare Group

Histiocytoses are a rare group of proliferative disorders with very similar clinical and histological pictures. We present a case report of two variants seen in an eight-month-old female and five-month-old male in a tertiary hospital in southern Nigeria. They both presented with painless neck swellings and fever, leucocytosis, neutrophilia and lymphopenia. Initial histologic examinations of the cervical lymph nodes biopsy posed a diagnostic conundrum. However, Immuno-histochemical analysis done on both sample showed CD1a, positive S100 in keeping with Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the former. While, that of the latter showed strongly positive CD68, positive S-100 in 30% cells in keeping with Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SLMH) in the latter. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for histiocytosis in children presenting with generalised lymphadenopathy. Also, apart from the routine histology, immunohistochemistry analysis is recommended for all cases

Occult Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Jung Kwon ◽  
Phil Hyun Song ◽  
Mi Jin Gu
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Langerhans Cell ◽  
Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
S 100

Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare disease that is characterized by a localized or systemic proliferation of Langerhans dendritic cells and a wide spectrum of clinical presentations. We experienced an unusual case of occult Langerhans cell histiocytosis associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. A 62-year-old man underwent a partial nephrectomy for left renal mass. Histologic examination showed nests of clear cells with surrounding thin-walled vessel that were suggestive of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. A well-defined nodule composed of atypical mononuclear cells and plentiful eosinophils presented within clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The mononuclear cells were Langerhans cell histiocytes with S-100 and CD1a immunoreactivity. On follow-up comprehensive physical, laboratory, and radiologic examination, there were no other lesions of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

HIV-TUBERCULOSIS: A STUDY OF CHEST X-RAY PATTERNS IN RELATION TO CD4 COUNT

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Abdhesh Kumar ◽  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
Kumar Sourav
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ciency Virus ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Radiological Patterns ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Ray Patterns

Background: Fight against human immunodeciency virus (HIV) is incomplete without addressing problems associated with difcult diagnosis of tuberculosis in HIV-Tuberculosis coinfected patients. Chest X-ray is a primary tool to evaluate tuberculosis in HIV. Aim: To assess and compare various radiological patterns of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV patients and compare these patterns in relation to CD4 counts. Materials and Methods: Prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in J.L.N.M.C.H Bhagalpur from april 2019 to january 2021 with 200 HIV positive patients. WHO guidelines were used for diagnosis of HIV and tuberculosis. Results: 27% of the patients had sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis, with higher incidence (33%) among CD4 less than 200 as compared to CD4 more than 200 (14%). Inltration (39%) followed by consolidation (30%), cavity (11%), and lymphadenopathy (9%) seen with CD4 less than 200. Inltration (37.5%) followed by cavity (25%) and miliary (25%) with CD4 above 200. Bilateral (68.5%) and mid and lower zones or all zone involvement more commonly seen. Conclusion: In patients with CD4 lower than 200 noncavitory inltration and consolidation predominated. Involvement of lungs was atypical; diffuse or mid and lower zone involvement was higher than classical upper lobe involvement. A high index of suspicion is necessary for the accurate and timely diagnosis of tuberculosis in HIVpositive patients.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Pattern of Foot Injuries in India: Preliminary Assessment of Data from a Tertiary Hospital

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuj Jain ◽  
Sarvdeep Dhatt
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Foot Injuries ◽  
Surgical Delay ◽  
Foot Injury ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Epidemiological Pattern ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Open Injuries

ABSTRACT Foot injuries are an often disabling, especially when the diagnosis is delayed and treatment is inappropriate; this becomes significant in polytrauma where diagnosis maybe missed, and in young adults who are injured in the prime of life. No data on foot injury is available from India or any other developing country; we undertook a prospective 1 year study to evaluate incidence and epidemiology of foot injuries seen at our center. One hundred and thirty-four feet were injured in 1,765 patients, with 82% being males, and the average age being 30.8 years. Road accident was predominant cause (73.8%) in contrast to the published literature, with two-third being open injuries; 47% were polytrauma victims. The surgical delay averaged 3.14 days, reasons for which were multifactorial. This high incidence of foot injury (7.59%) in men in their most productive years assumes significance when residual disability occurs due to mismanagement. A high index of suspicion needs to be maintained in road accident victims and polytrauma cases, so that foot injury is not missed and treatment is not inordinately delayed. How to cite this article Dhillon MS, Aggarwal S, Dhatt S, Jain M. Epidemiological Pattern of Foot Injuries in India: Preliminary Assessment of Data from a Tertiary Hospital. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2012;46(3):144-147.

scholarly journals Isolated Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of Orbit: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mayuresh Naik ◽  
Anuj Mehta ◽  
Neha Mehrotra ◽  
Anil Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis ◽  
Bone Erosion ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Oral Prednisolone ◽  
Langerhans Cell ◽  
The Body ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Incision Biopsy

A 2-year-old male child presented with a painless progressive mass in the inferolateral aspect of right orbit of three-month duration. Differential leucocyte count revealed raised eosinophil count (13%). On radiological examination, CT scan showed 25 × 27 mm round well-defined smooth-outlined homogenously enhancing extraconal mass arising from the zygomatic bone at the inferotemporal periorbital area of right orbit with bone erosion. Histopathological examination of the incision biopsy revealed characteristic Langerhans cells and immunohistochemical studies were positive for S-100 protein and adenosine deaminase. A diagnosis of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) was made and PET-CT revealed no other foci of uptake anywhere else in the body. The patient received 12 cycles of vinblastine, 0.2 mg/kg body weight, along with oral prednisolone, 1 mg/kg body weight. On completion of three cycles of chemotherapy, a reduction in size of the mass was noticed. A repeat PET scan was done 3 months after completion of chemotherapy did not reveal any activity noted previously.

scholarly journals Rosai-Dorfman Disease: Rare Pulmonary Involvement Mimicking Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid AL Umairi ◽  
Danielle Blunt ◽  
Wedad Hana ◽  
Matthew Cheung ◽  
Anastasia Oikonomou
Keyword(s):  
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Langerhans Cell ◽  
Sinus Histiocytosis ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Massive Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis ◽  
Rosai Dorfman Disease

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a rare nonmalignant lymphohistiocytic proliferative disorder. We report a patient with RDD who presented with multiple skin lesions, pulmonary involvement, and CT manifestations mimicking Langerhans cell histiocytosis, which improved after initiation of corticosteroid treatment.

Self-Healing Congenital Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Presenting as Neonatal Papulovesicular Eruption

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 486-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelli W. Morgan ◽  
Jeffrey P. Callen
Keyword(s):  
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Male Infant ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Langerhans Cell ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Systemic Involvement ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Simplex Virus

Background: Congenital self-healing Langerhans cell histiocytosis (CSHLCH) is a rare condition which may present at birth or during the neonatal period. It is usually characterized by the eruption of multiple, disseminated, red-brown papules and nodules which may increase in size and number during the first few weeks of life. Systemic signs are usually absent except for occasional mild hepatomegaly. Objective: We present a 3.5-kg male infant who presented at birth with numerous diffuse, erythematous, crusted erosions. He was presumed to have congenital herpes simplex virus (HSV) and was started on IV acyclovir. Histopathologic examination revealed a mixed inflammatory infiltrate with numerous histiocytes which were S-100 and peanut agglutin positive consistent with CSHLCH. Further workup did not reveal any signs of systemic involvement. Conclusion: CSHLCH has rarely been reported to present as a papulovesicular eruption at birth. In these cases, a viral etiology is commonly entertained in the differential diagnosis. Despite the spontaneous regression of skin lesions in CSHLCH, close followup is required to evaluate for systemic signs and symptoms associated with latent Letterer–Siwe disease.

scholarly journals Gallstone ileus: a rare type of intestinal obstruction in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Offei K. Asare ◽  
Henry E. Obaka ◽  
Nelson K. Affram
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Gallstone Ileus ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Gallstone ileus is an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction in Ghana. A patient with gallstone ileus that was diagnosed intra-operatively after being treated conservatively as adhesive small bowel obstruction for ten days is reported to highlight the importance of the clinical information in this condition. A 60-year-old Chinese male with recurrent intestinal obstruction who was initially being managed at a primary healthcare facility was subsequently referred to a tertiary hospital on account of computer tomography diagnosis of an intraluminal object obstructing the bowel. He had hypokalaemia that was corrected before surgery. Intra-operatively, a 4.5cm in diameter gallstone was removed from the terminal ileum. Gallstone ileus is rare in Ghana. A high index of suspicion is required to avoid a delay in diagnosis due to the low incidence of cholelithiasis in Ghana.

scholarly journals Intravascular Lymphoma of the Inferior Turbinate: An Unusual Rhinologic Presentation of a Rare Neoplasm

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 24-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milabelle B. Lingan ◽  
Francis V. Roasa
Keyword(s):  
Fever Of Unknown Origin ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Intravascular Lymphoma ◽  
High Grade Fever ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Objective: To present a unique case of intravascular lymphoma of the inferior turbinate because of its rarity, unusual clinical presentation and difficulty in establishing a diagnosis. Design:      Case Report Setting:      A tertiary hospital Patient:      A 66-year-old male admitted to the hospital due to intermittent high grade fever of six months duration. Result:  The patient presented with fever of unknown origin, and exhaustive laboratory, ancillary procedures and biopsies to rule in/out infectious, autoimmune and oncologic causes were performed to arrive at a diagnosis. Nasal endoscopy revealed an enlarged, hypertrophied and violaceous right inferior turbinate with watery to mucoid discharge and septal deviation to the right confirmed by CT scans of the paranasal sinuses. Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS), septoplasty and turbinoplasty with biopsy revealed Intravascular Lymphoma. Chemotherapy was deferred due to the deteriorating medical condition and the patient expired 7 months after the initial onset of symptoms. Conclusion:  Patients who present with fever of unknown origin should undergo a thorough otorhinolaryngologic examination to exclude primary ENT conditions and ensure proper management. Given its rarity and multiplicity of presentation, it is extremely difficult to make a diagnosis of intravascular lymphoma. A high index of suspicion of Intravascular Lymphoma is necessary so that timely acquisition of tissue biopsy of any lesion involved will make a definite diagnosis. Keywords: Intravascular lymphoma, Fever, Fever of Unknown Origin

scholarly journals Sinonasal Manifestation of Rosai-Dorfman Syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Kiran Mishra ◽  
Lakshmi Vaid ◽  
Vivek Gogia
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Nasal Mass ◽  
Massive Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Sinonasal Mass ◽  
Rosai Dorfman Disease ◽  
Benign Course

ABSTRACT Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) (also known as Rosai-Dorfman syndrome) is a rare, idiopathic, benign and self-limiting histiocytic proliferative disorder. It most commonly involves the cervical lymph nodes. The disease has a benign course and involvement of the nasal cavity as an extranodal site is exceptional. Here, we report a case of bilateral sinonasal mass with subsequent involvement of cervical lymph nodes in 22-year-old lady. Histological examination of the cervical lymph nodes and nasal mass biopsy demonstrated evidences of Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD). The clinical presentation, histologic characteristics, radiographic findings and treatment of the disease are discussed. How to cite this article Vaid L, Jain N, Gogia V, Mishra K. Sinonasal Manifestation of Rosai-Dorfman Syndrome. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2015;8(1):43-45.

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