scholarly journals Evaluation of polyherbal methionine and choline in feedlot rations for lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Bárcena-Gama ◽  
J.A. Martínez-Aispuro ◽  
G.D. Mendoza-Martínez ◽  
J.L. Cordero-Mora ◽  
M.T. Sánchez-Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Lipid Metabolites ◽  
Daily Gain

Requirements of lambs for choline and methionine have not been clearly established, but because of their metabolic relationship, the availability of these two nutrients may affect protein synthesis and energy balance. Therefore, a trial was carried out to evaluate the effect on productive performance and blood metabolites of including methionine and choline from polyherbal mixtures in finishing lamb diets. Forty Hampshire x Suffolk lambs weighing 26.9 ± 2.8 kg were used for a 45-day experiment. The treatments were arranged as a 2x2 factorial, in which the factors were dietary supplementation with herbal methionine and choline at two levels (0% and 0.4% of dry matter (DM)). The treatments had no effects on the lambs’ productive variables (daily feed intake, average daily gain, and feed to gain ratio), carcass characteristics and lipid metabolites (P >0.05). The results indicated that the inclusion of polyherbal mixtures containing methionine, choline and their combination at 0.4% of DM in finishing lamb diets showed no benefits in productive response or in blood metabolites related to lipid metabolism. Keywords: amino acid, lipid metabolites, productive performance, ruminally protected, vitamin

scholarly journals Productive performance of confined young bulls fed proportions of 'Mulato II' grass silage in the diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 670-678
Author(s):  
Regis Luis Missio ◽  
Emerson Alexandrino ◽  
Darlene Pereira da Silva ◽  
Joaquim José de Paula Neto ◽  
José Messias de Rezende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Dairy Bulls ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of young Nellore bulls and of young dual-purpose dairy bulls fed proportions of 'Mulato II' grass silage (400 and 100 g kg-1), in diets with high levels of concentrate, as well as to evaluate the cost of this feed. Sixteen young Nellore bulls and 16 young dairy crossbred bulls were used, with initial average weight of 380.69±10.45 and 376.94±17.16 kg, respectively, and average initial age of 24 months. A completely randomized experimental design was carried out in a 2x2 factorial arrangement. The highest silage proportion caused a 13% increase in dry matter intake (percentage of body weight) and a 19.7% decrease in dry matter digestibility of the diet, but it did not alter the intake of total digestible nutrients, nor the average daily gain or carcass characteristics. Nutrient intake and digestibility, average daily gain, and carcass characteristics (except conformation) did not change due to the genetic group of animals. Feed conversion was 18.3% better in young dairy bulls. In diets with high levels of concentrate, the proportion of 400 g kg-1 of 'Mulato II' grass silage, in comparison with that of 100 g kg-1, does not affect the productive performance, nor the main carcass characteristics of economic interest of confined young bulls, but reduces feeding costs.

scholarly journals The Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Black Baladi Kids Fed Diets with Graded Quantities of Sweet Lupin Grain (Lupinus angustifolius)

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Belal S. Obeidat
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Diet Cost ◽  
Daily Gain

A study was conducted to examine how lupin grains (LUPs) feeding affected nutritional intake, digestibility, growth, and carcass characteristics in kids. A total of 24 growing black kids (initial body weight (BW) = 16.4 ± 0.49 kg) were allocated to one of three diets at random. Lupin was included in the diet at a rate of 0 (control; CON), 100 (LUP100), or 200 g/kg (LUP200) of total dry matter (DM). The trial lasted for 91 days divided into 7 and 84 days to be used for adaptation and data collection, respectively. Feed intake was evaluated daily throughout the study. At the commencement and the end of the study, each kid’s body weight was measured to determine its average daily gain (ADG). On day 70, 5 kids were chosen at random from each group to investigate nutrient in vivo digestibility and N balance. At the end of the study, all of the kids were slaughtered to examine carcass features. Nutrient intakes (neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and ether extract) were higher (p ≤ 0.01) in LUP-containing diets than in the CON diet. The average daily gain was greater (p ≤ 0.03) in diets containing lupin grains than in the CON diet. Cost of gain ($US/kg growth) was lower (p = 0.004) in kids fed diets containing lupin than the CON diet. Dry matter and CP digestibility rates were greater (p ≤ 0.03) in lupin diets. Retained N was higher (p = 0.04) in lupin-containing diets than in the CON diet. Cold carcass weight was higher (p < 0.05) for kids consuming the LUP100 diet than the CON diet. In lupin diets, carcass cut weights were higher (p < 0.05). Results of the current study indicate that feeding black kids diets containing lupin grains at 100 or 200 g/kg DM basis is cost effective and would increase profitability.

scholarly journals Productive performance of finishing lambs fed with faveleira fodder salt (Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl)

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 977
Author(s):  
João Vinícius Barbosa Roberto ◽  
Bonifácio Benicio de Souza ◽  
Gabriel Jorge Carneiro de Oliveira  ◽  
Jaime Miguel de Araujo Filho ◽  
Thaiz Lamy Alves Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Mineral Salt ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Daily Gain

This study evaluated food intake and productive performance of crossbred (½ Santa Inês x ½ dorper) lambs supplemented with different levels of faveleira (Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl) fodder salt. Thirty male sheep fed tifton grass hay, water, and faveleira fodder salt were randomly allocated into five treatments with six replicates each. The treatments consisted of diets with different inclusion levels of faveleira hay in the fodder salt composition: Treatment 1 (1% mineral salt + 99% faveleira hay), Treatment 2 (3% mineral salt + 97% faveleira hay), Treatment 3 (5% mineral salt + 95% faveleira hay), Treatment 4 (7% mineral salt + 93% faveleira hay), and Treatment 5 (Control - 100% mineral salt). Intake of dry matter, tifton hay and water, average daily gain, feed conversion, and feed efficiency were not affected by fodder salt supplementation (P > 0.05). There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in fodder salt intake between Treatments 4 and 5, and daily intake was higher in animals submitted to Treatment 4 (61.0 g day-1). Mineral salt intake increased significantly with increasing mineral salt levels in the diet. However, no significant difference was observed in average daily gain across treatments, indicating that faveleira hay, even in small quantities, and tifton hay were able to meet the nutritional requirements of animals to support a good average daily gain. The inclusion of up to 99% faveleira hay in fodder salt formulations did not affect voluntary intake of forage, water and dry matter, average daily gain, feed conversion, and feed efficiency. Lambs supplemented with faveleira fodder salt had average daily gains within the optimal range for slaughter and high feed conversion and feed efficiency values. Faveleira was shown to be an effective supplementary feed alternative in sheep.

INFLUENCE OF HIGH-MOISTURE BARLEY ON THE PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF FEEDLOT CATTLE

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. KENNELLY ◽  
G. W. MATHISON ◽  
G. de BOER
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Daily Gain

Three factorial experiments were conducted to determine the relative feeding value of dry barley (DB) and high-moisture barley (HMB), and to evaluate the influence of method of ensiling (Pit vs. Harvestore® (HAV) silo), source of roughage (hay vs. silage), and level of concentrate (90 vs. 75%) on the performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. In exp. 1, 252 steers (initial wt 357 kg) were assigned on the basis of weight to six treatments (two pens × 21 animals per pen). A mixed diet consisting of 85.2% barley grain (dry matter (DM) basis) was offered free choice. The barley portion of the ration consisted of either 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% DB with the balance being HMB from a pit silo. The sixth treatment consisted of feeding 100% HMB for the first 57 d and 100% DB for the remainder of the trial. Overall average daily gain (ADG) for steers fed 100% DB (1.70 kg d−1) was significantly higher than observed for animals fed 100, 75 or 50% HMB (1.46, 1.49 and 1.56 kg d−1, respectively). The kg of feed DM required per kg gain (FC) varied between 5.76 and 7.13 and was not (P > 0.05) influenced by treatment. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed in carcass characteristics. In exp. 2, 360 steers (initial wt 340 kg) were allotted on the basis of weight to six treatments designed to evaluate the effect of source (Pit vs. HAV) and level of HMB, in diets containing 10.2% silage, on animal performance. Overall ADG (1.11 – 1.17 kg d−1), FC (6.66 – 7.01) and carcass characteristics were similar (P > 0.05) for animals fed Pit HMB, HAV HMB and DB. In exp. 3, 264 weanling calves (initial wt 216 kg) were allotted on the basis of weight to six treatments which differed in type of barley (HMB vs. DB), source of roughage (hay vs. silage) and level of concentrate (75 vs. 90%; DM basis). The feeding period was 127 d. Daily gains varied between 0.78 and 0.91 kg d−1 and FC ranged from 6.40 to 7.10 and were not influenced (P > 0.05) by source of barley or source or level of roughage. While animals fed DB had significantly higher ADG than those fed HMB in exp. 1, the overall results from the three experiments indicate that on a DM basis HMB has similar feeding value to DB, and that there is no major difference between Pit and HAV-stored HMB for feedlot cattle. Key words: High moisture, barley, cattle, gain, feed conversion

scholarly journals Effect of breed type and ionophore supplementation on growth and carcass characteristic in feedlot hair lambs

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Salinas-Chavira ◽  
Alfredo Lara-Juarez ◽  
Abraham Gil-González ◽  
Jorge Jimenez-Castro ◽  
Ramón Garcia-Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Breed Type ◽  
Daily Gain

The effects of supplementing feedlot diets with ionophores and breed type were assessed on growth rate and carcass characteristics in hair lambs. Twenty four intact males, 12 Pelibuey × Dorper (PDo) and 12 Pelibuey × Damara (PDa) lambs, 17.9 ± 3.7 kg initial weight, were housed in individual pens for a 60-d feeding trial. The lambs were assigned randomly into four diets: control without additives (C); 25 µg/g monensin (M); 28 µg/g salinomycin (S); 28 µg/g S for 20 d, and 25 µg/g M for the next 40 d (SM). Each diet was supplied to six lambs. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four diets and two breed types of hair lambs (PDo and PDa). All diets were formulated to contain 14% CP and 2.6 Mcal ME/kg dry matter. At the end of the feeding trial carcass images were recorded in the last intercostal space (12th and 13th ribs) using ultrasound equipment to measure the Longissimus dorsi muscle area and subcutaneous fat (SF). The average daily gain (ADG), daily dry matter intake, feed:gain ratio, subcutaneous fat and Longissimus dorsi area were not affected by ionophore supplementation.. The Pelibuey × Dorper group tended to show better average daily gain than Pelibuey × Damara (262 g/d and 235 g/d, respectively). Daily dry matter intake, feed:gain ratio and subcutaneous fat were not affected by breed type. The Pelibuey × Dorper lambs had greater Longissimus dorsi area (16.74 cm²) than the Pelibuey × Damara (14.29 cm²) lambs. The growth rate was not influenced by the inclusion of ionophores. Pelibuey × Dorper lambs showed better average daily gain and carcass characteristics than Pelibuey × Damara lambs.

Influence of barley silage:concentrate ratio on rate and efficiency of liveweight gain, diet digestibility and carcass characteristics of beef steers

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hironaka ◽  
B. Freeze ◽  
G. C. Kozub ◽  
K. A. Beauchemin
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Barley Silage ◽  
Forage:Concentrate Ratio ◽  
Daily Gain

Eighty steers were fed diets with eight ratios of 100:0, 75.1:24.9, 58.3:41.7, 34.4:65.6, 18.9:81.1, 8.0–92.0, 3.7:96.3 or 0:100 barley silage:concentrate on a dry matter (DM) basis. Diets were fed to provide about equal digestible energy (DE) per unit liveweight for 24 wk, then fed to appetite until the steers reached a market weight of about 515 kg. Steers receiving the 100% silage diet were fed for ad libitum intake from week 24 to week 52 (28 wk) and were then fed 100% concentrate diet until they reached market weight. The average daily gain (ADG) of steers fed 100% silage was lower than that of those fed forage and concentrate. Efficiency of DE utilization for liveweight gain increased at a decreasing rate as level of concentrate in the diet increased. Carcass backfat thickness increased with rate of gain. Digestibility of energy, DM, crude protein (CP), and starch exhibited a curvilinear response to increasing levels of concentrate in the diet. The proportion of concentrate in the diet for maximum economic benefit depends on the cost per unit of DE from silage versus that of barley, the efficiency of DE utilization for liveweight gain and time to reach market weight. Key words: Beef cattle, barley, barley silage, forage:concentrate ratio, digestibility

Can potential for dark cutting be predicted by phenotype? Relationship between sex, carcass characteristics, and the incidence of dark cutting beef

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahid Mahmood ◽  
John A. Basarab ◽  
Walter T. Dixon ◽  
Heather L. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Beef Quality ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Mixed Model Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Daily Gain

Recent research indicated that reduced carcass muscling and weight are associated with beef dark cutting. Existing data from a single farm (44 heifers, 136 steers) from three normal beef quality grades (Canada AAA, AA, A) and the dark cutting grade (Canada B4) (n = 35, 106, 28, and 11, respectively) were used to identify relationships between sex, live animal, and carcass characteristics and the incidence of dark cutting. Categorical modelling showed a trend (P = 0.106) for heifer carcasses to have a greater probability [11.36 ± 4.78% standard error of the mean (SEM)] of dark cutting than carcasses from steers (4.4 ± 1.76% SEM). Mixed model analysis of variance indicated dark cutting heifers weighed less than cattle from normal grades at weaning (P = 0.0229) and slaughter (P = 0.0295). Logistic regression revealed that the probability of each carcass grade occurring was influenced by dry matter intake (DMI) (P = 0.0034), and the probability of dark cutting was lowest (P = 0.0286) in cattle with carcasses greater than 300 kg. Results suggested that cattle at risk of dark cutting may be identified by weight, average daily gain (ADG), and feed intake.

scholarly journals 33 Determining the feeding value of hulless barley relative to corn in beef finishing rations

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 47-47
Author(s):  
Gabriel J Pent ◽  
Thomas B Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hulless Barley ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Hulless varieties of barley have been developed to improve the digestibility of this small grain. The objective of this project was to determine the feeding value of hulless barley relative to corn in a beef-finishing ration. Angus-cross steers (n = 12) were fed rations that included varying ratios of cracked corn and cracked hulless barley. Steers were stratified by body weight (BW) and allotted to one of four rations: corn, 2:1 ratio of corn to barley, 1:2 ratio of corn to barley, and barley. All treatments included concentrate at 85% and baleage at 15% of total ration dry matter (DM). Rations were fed ad libitum on an individual basis using Calan gates. Feed refusals were measured daily. Steers were weighed and ultrasound 12th rib fat thickness (FT) was measured every 28 d. Steers were harvested at a commercial abattoir when average FT exceeded 0.9 cm. Average daily gain (1.2 kg/d), final BW (653 kg), feed to gain efficiency (10.2:1), and final ultrasound FT (0.94 cm) were not different (P ≥ 0.1486) between treatments. Steer DM intake was lower (P ≤ 0.0496) for those fed corn (9.8 kg/d) compared to those fed barley (12.2 kg/d) or a 1:2 ratio of corn to barley (11.7 kg/d); steer DM intake was similar (P ≥ 0.0640) for those fed a 2:1 ratio of corn to barley compared to those fed the other rations. Finishing ration did not affect hot carcass weight (384 kg; P = 0.7158), carcass FT (1.6 cm; P = 0.9511), ribeye area (87.7 cm^2; P = 0.7184), kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (2.6%; P = 0.3842), and yield grade (3.5; P= 0.8802). Feeding hulless barley compared to corn resulted in similar performance and carcass characteristics when included in beef finishing rations although feed intake was greater when barley exceeded 56% of the ration DM.

Effect of ionophores monensin and lasalocid on performance and carcass characteristics of fattening Arabi lambs

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 139-139
Author(s):  
Najafgholi Dabiri ◽  
Khadigheh Heydari ◽  
Jamal Fayazi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ruminal Bacteria ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Stimulation Of

In some part of world for intensive production of fattening of lambs, they are fed with high amount of concentrate. However this pattern of feeding often affect negatively of rumen fermentation (Mould et al., 1983). Ionophores act by interrupting transmembrane movement and intracellular equilibrium of ions in certain classes of bacteria and protozoa that inhibit the gastrointestinal tract (McGuffey et al., 2001). In Ruminants, monensin has shown selective inhibition of ruminal bacteria, lactic and methane producers and stimulation of propionate production by 25% (Matabudul et al., 2001). In lambs, monensin improves weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) and depressed the dry matter intake (DMI) (Martini et al., 1996), but lasalocid improve average daily gain (ADG) without depressed the DMI (Swanson et al., 2000). There is limited information about the effect of ionophores on performance of Iranian fattening lambs and particularly no works was done with Arabi lambs. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding monensin and lasalocid on performance and carcass characteristics of fattening Arabi lambs.

162 Increasing Concentrations of Supplemental Zinc Influence Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Trace Mineral Status of Non-implanted and Implanted Steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 123-123
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M Messersmith ◽  
Stephanie L Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Quadratic Effects ◽  
Zn Status ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Zn Effects

Abstract One hundred twenty-eight Angus-cross steers (492 ± 29 kg) were utilized in a 2 × 4 factorial to determine the effects of dietary Zn within implant strategy on performance, carcass characteristics, and Zn status. Factors included Zn supplemented at 0, 30, 100, or 150 mg/kg dry matter ([DM]; Zn0, Zn30, Zn100, Zn150, respectively) from ZnSO4 and implant administered on d 0 as no implant (NoIMP) or Component TE-200 (TE-200; Elanco, Greenfield, IN). Cattle were stratified by bodyweight (BW) to GrowSafe equipped pens of 5 or 6 steers and assigned to pen-wide treatments (experimental unit of steer; n = 16/treatment). Steers were weighed on d -1, 0, 18, and 59 with blood collected on -1, 18, and 40. Via Proc Mixed of SAS, linear and quadratic effects of Zn within implant treatments and assessment of NoIMP vs. TE-200 were tested for performance, carcass characteristics, and plasma data, with initial value covariates. Plasma Zn concentrations on d 18 and 40 linearly increased within NoIMP and TE-200 (P ≤ 0.03) and were lesser for TE-200 than NoIMP on d 18 (P = 0.001). Zinc linearly increased (P ≤ 0.002) d 18 BW and d 0–18 average daily gain (ADG). Within TE-200, Zn increased dressing percentage (P = 0.01) and tended to increase hot carcass weight (P = 0.09) linearly. Carcass-adjusted final BW and overall ADG tended to increase (P = 0.10) linearly within TE-200, with no Zn effects within NoIMP (P ≥ 0.18). Implanting increased carcass-adjusted final BW 13 kg over NoIMP (P &lt; 0.0001). Overall feed efficiency quadratically increased within NoIMP (P = 0.01) peaking at Zn100 with no observed Zn effects within NoIMP or TE-200 for overall DM intake (P ≥ 0.15). These data suggest implant-induced growth in steers may require dietary Zn above current national recommendations.

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