Effect of inulin supplementation in male mice fed with high fat diet on biochemical profile and α-amylase gene expression

Obesity as a multifactorial disorder involves low-grade inflammation, increased reactive oxygen species incidence, gut microbiota aberrations, and epigenetic consequences. Thus, prevention and therapies with epigenetic active antioxidants, (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), are of increasing interest. DNA damage, DNA methylation and gene expression ofDNA methyltransferase 1,interleukin 6, andMutL homologue 1were analyzed in C57BL/6J male mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or a control diet (CD) with and without EGCG supplementation. Gut microbiota was analyzed with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. An induction of DNA damage was observed, as a consequence of HFD-feeding, whereas EGCG supplementation decreased DNA damage. HFD-feeding induced a higher inflammatory status. Supplementation reversed these effects, resulting in tissue specific gene expression and methylation patterns ofDNA methyltransferase 1andMutL homologue 1. HFD feeding caused a significant lower bacterial abundance. TheFirmicutes/Bacteroidetesratio is significantly lower in HFD + EGCG but higher in CD + EGCG compared to control groups. The results demonstrate the impact of EGCG on the one hand on gut microbiota which together with dietary components affects host health. On the other hand effects may derive from antioxidative activities as well as epigenetic modifications observed on CpG methylation but also likely to include other epigenetic elements.

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Gene Expression Profiling in Liver of Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet Supplemented With Watermelon Flesh, Arginine, or Citrulline Shows Similar Pattern Changes

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzab037_013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 303-303

Author(s):

Mikayla Chen ◽

Neil Shay

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Male Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Total Rna ◽

P450 Monooxygenases ◽

Close Relationship

Abstract Objectives Watermelon is a nutrient-dense fruit known to contain high levels or arginine and citrulline; these two compounds may influence the nitric oxide pathway, vasodilation, and thus be hypotensive. We tested the hypothesis that when C57BL/6J male mice fed a high-fat diet (HF) had additions to the HF diet of either watermelon flesh (WF), arginine (ARG) or citrulline (CIT), changes in gene expression patterns would occur vs. those seen in HF. Further, we hypothesize that patterns of expression seen in WF, ARG, and CIT groups would be somewhat similar based on increased dietary levels of ARG and CIT in all three groups. Methods Following prior work (Becraft et al.; 2018, Egea et al. 2020), groups of mice were provided either a low-fat diet (LF, 10% kcal fat), high-fat diet (HF, 45% kcal fat), HF plus Watermelon Flesh (WF), HF plus 1% (w/w) arginine (ARG) or 1% (w/w citrulline (CIT) for 10 weeks. Watermelon flesh was provided at 10% of total energy. After ten weeks, animals were euthanized, and liver total RNA was isolated using Trizol. Total RNA was then used for gene expression analysis (N = 4 per group) using Clariom S microarrays and TAC analysis software (ThermoFisher). Results Mice fed WF, ARG, and CIT had several shared canonical pathways of gene expression, including eicosanoid metabolism via cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and exercise-induced circadian rhythm (All P < 0.05). Intake of WF and ARG significantly up-regulated both Cyp2c9 and Cyp2c38 mRNA levels (P < 0.05). The Bst2 gene was significantly down-regulated in all three groups compared to HF mice (P < 0.05). The Cyp2b9 gene was upregulated ∼10.7 fold in WF, and > 1000-fold in ARG mice (P < 0.05). Conclusions We demonstrated that when added to a HF diet, WF, ARG, and CIT all produced a change in hepatic gene expression in male mice. Possibly due to the close relationship of ARG and CIT metabolism, and high content of ARG and CIT in WF, expression patterns observed in all three groups demonstrated a high degree of similarity. Several genes, including Cyp2c9, Cyp2c38, and Elvol5 were up-regulated; these genes may be involved in modifying steroids and arachidonic acid and other long-chain fatty acids. Funding Sources National Watermelon Promotion Board.

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Different Doses of Curcumin Supplementation Did Not Improve Biochemical Profile and Weight in C57BL/6 Male Mice Receiving High-Fat Diet

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa050_022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 699-699

Author(s):

Caroline Silva ◽

Priscila Fassini ◽

Leandra Ramalho ◽

Daniela Sartori ◽

Vivian Suen

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Control Diet ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Biochemical Profile ◽

Male Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Pancreatic Steatosis ◽

Different Doses

Abstract Objectives Curcuma supplementation has been investigated to prevent or treat obesity. However, evidence suggests development of pancreatic steatosis as well. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different doses of curcumin supplementation on weight, biochemical profile, and histological analysis of the pancreas and liver of mice fed a high-fat diet. Methods This was an experimental, longitudinal and randomized study. Fifty C57BL/6 male mice, thirty days age, were separated into five groups: 1. Standard diet (n = 10); 2. High-fat diet (n = 10); 3. High-fat diet plus 50 mg of curcumin/kg of body weight (n = 10); 4. High-fat diet plus 250 mg of curcumin/kg of body weight (n = 10); 5. High-fat diet plus 500 mg of curcumin/kg of body weight (n = 10). Group 1 was fed a standard control diet (AIN 93 G), group 2 was fed a purified high-fat diet (AIN 93 HF 60%) and both groups received only the vehicle (carboxymethyl cellulose - CMC 1%) by gavage. Mice from groups 3, 4 and 5 were fed a purified high-fat diet (AIN 93 HF 60%) plus curcumin at different doses (50, 250 and 500 mg/kg of body weight diluted in 1% CMC) by gavage for twelve weeks. All groups received food and water ad libitum. At the end of the experimental period, we analysed lipid profile, blood glucose, insulin, histology of the pancreas and liver. ANOVA one way and Kruskal-Wallis analysis were performed and a value of P ˂ 0.05 was used to denote statistical significance. Results Curcumin supplementation did not improve weight and biochemical profile. Additionally, histological changes were not observed at any dose of supplementation. Pancreatic or hepatic steatosis was not evidenced in high-fat diet groups and also in the groups who received curcumin, suggesting no toxic effects at the different doses of supplementation provided. Conclusions Our results suggest that curcumin supplementation has no beneficial effect on weight gain prevention and biochemical profile, regardless of the dose administered. Funding Sources FAPESP (São Paulo Research Foundation).

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Microarray analysis of apoptosis gene expression in liver injury induced by chronic exposure to arsenic and high-fat diet in male mice

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-019-05907-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (25) ◽

pp. 26351-26366 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Heibatullah Kalantari ◽

Mohammad Javad Khodayar ◽

Najmaldin Saki ◽

Layasadat Khorsandi ◽

Ali Teymoori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Liver Injury ◽

Microarray Analysis ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Chronic Exposure ◽

Male Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Apoptosis Gene

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Epigenomics: maternal high-fat diet exposure in utero disrupts peripheral circadian gene expression in nonhuman primates.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.6519956.6650054 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Symonds

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Nonhuman Primates ◽

In Utero ◽

Circadian Gene ◽

High Fat ◽

Diet Exposure

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Aberrant gene expression induced by a high fat diet is linked to H3K9 acetylation in the promoter-proximal region

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms ◽

10.1016/j.bbagrm.2021.194691 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1864 (3) ◽

pp. 194691

Author(s):

Núria Morral ◽

Sheng Liu ◽

Abass M. Conteh ◽

Xiaona Chu ◽

Yue Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Proximal Region ◽

High Fat ◽

Aberrant Gene Expression ◽

H3k9 Acetylation ◽

Aberrant Gene ◽

Promoter Proximal Region

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Protective effects of a unique combination of nutritionally active ingredients on risk factors and gene expression associated with atherosclerosis in C57BL/6J mice fed a high fat diet

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d0fo02867c ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Joe W. E. Moss ◽

Jessica O Williams ◽

Wijdan Al-Ahmadi ◽

Victoria O'Morain ◽

Yee-Hung Chan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Inflammatory Disorder ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Unique Combination ◽

Omega 3 ◽

High Fat ◽

Food Ingredients

Atherosclerosis, an inflammatory disorder of the vasculature and the underlying cause of cardiovascular disease, is responsible for one in three global deaths. Consumption of active food ingredients such as omega-3...

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Thrombospondin 1 Mediates High-Fat Diet-Induced Muscle Fibrosis and Insulin Resistance in Male Mice

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/en.2013-1587 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 154 (12) ◽

pp. 4548-4559 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Mayumi Inoue ◽

Yibin Jiang ◽

Richard H. Barnes ◽

Masakuni Tokunaga ◽

Gabriel Martinez-Santibañez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Skeletal Muscles ◽

Matrix Protein ◽

Extracellular Matrix Protein ◽

Male Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Early Stages ◽

Thrombospondin 1

Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1 or TSP-1) is a circulating glycoprotein highly expressed in hypertrophic visceral adipose tissues of humans and mice. High-fat diet (HFD) feeding induces the robust increase of circulating THBS1 in the early stages of HFD challenge. The loss of Thbs1 protects male mice from diet-induced weight gain and adipocyte hypertrophy. Hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp study has demonstrated that Thbs1-null mice are protected from HFD-induced insulin resistance. Tissue-specific glucose uptake study has revealed that the insulin-sensitive phenotype of Thbs1-null mice is mostly mediated by skeletal muscles. Further assessments of the muscle phenotype using RNA sequencing, quantitative PCR, and histological studies have demonstrated that Thbs1-null skeletal muscles are protected from the HFD-dependent induction of Col3a1 and Col6a1, coupled with a new collagen deposition. At the same time, the Thbs1-null mice display a better circadian rhythm and higher amplitude of energy expenditure with a browning phenotype in sc adipose tissues. These results suggest that THBS1, which circulates in response to a HFD, may induce insulin resistance and fibrotic tissue damage in skeletal muscles as well as the de-browning of sc adipose tissues in the early stages of a HFD challenge. Our study may shed new light on the pathogenic role played by a circulating extracellular matrix protein in the cross talk between adipose tissues and skeletal muscles during obesity progression.

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Hypoglycemic effects of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides on high fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice using metabolomics analysis

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d1fo02022f ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

nannan liu ◽

Xuefeng Chen ◽

Juanna Song ◽

Mengyin Chen ◽

Pin Gong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Diabetic Mice ◽

Male Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Auricularia Auricula ◽

Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Metabolomic Approach ◽

Metabolomics Analysis

This study evaluated the hypoglycemic effect of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides (AAPs) on streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) male mice (C57BL/6J) using a metabolomic approach based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–Q...

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