Comparison of the SimPlate™ Total Plate Count Method with Petrifilm™, Redigel™, and Conventional Pour-Plate Methods for Enumerating Aerobic Microorganisms in Foods

1998 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. BEUCHAT ◽  
F. COPELAND ◽  
M. S. CURIALE ◽  
T. DANISAVICH ◽  
V. GANGAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Samples ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Plate Count Agar ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Highly Correlated

The SimPlate™ Total Plate Count (TPC) method, developed by IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., is designed to determine the most probable number of aerobic microorganisms in foods. The 24-h test was compared to the conventional plate count agar (PCA) method, the Petrifilm™ Aerobic Count plates, and the Redigel™ Total Count procedure for enumerating microflora in 751 food samples. Results using the SimPlate™ TPC method were highly correlated (r ≥ 0.96) with results from other test methods. Slopes (0.96–0.97) were not significantly different from 1, and y intercepts (−0.03–0.08) were not different from 0. The SimPlate™ has a high counting range (> 1600 most probable number per single dilution), thus requiring fewer dilutions of samples compared to other methods evaluated. Some foods, e.g., raw liver, wheat flour, and nuts, contain enzymes that gave false-positive reactions on SimPlates™. Overall, however, the SimPlate™ TPC method is a suitable alternative to conventional PCA, Petrifilm™, and Redigel™ methods for estimating populations of mesophilic aerobic microorganisms in a wide range of foods.

A New Medium for Determining the Total Plate Count in Food

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1404-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. SMITH ◽  
D. E. TOWNSEND
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Standard Plate Count ◽  
Plate Count Agar ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Standard Plate

SimPlate for Total Plate Count–Color Indicator (TPC-CI, IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., Westbrook, Me.) is a new medium that incorporates the redox dye resazurin to detect and quantify bacteria in food. Enumeration is achieved by the most probable number method using a SimPlate device. Viable bacteria are detected in each well of the SimPlate device by the biochemical reduction of resazurin, which is blue, to the pink resorufin or the clear dihydroresorufin indicators. Results after 24 h of incubation for TPC-CI are highly correlated with standard plate count agar after 48 h of incubation. Correlation coefficients from studies conducted at five laboratories ranged from 0.94 to 0.98 in side-by-side comparisons against standard plate count agar. Four additional test sites, using alternative methods for determining the aerobic plate count in food, reported similar results in comparison studies (r = 0.91 to 0.97). The slopes from linear regression analysis at all sites ranged from 0.91 to 0.98, with y intercepts ranging from 0.11 to 0.84. Samples used for the validation of TPC-CI included raw food products (i.e., liver and grains), which may contain natural enzymes that interfere with enzyme-based detection methods. No interference was seen from the foods tested. These results suggest that TPC-CI is a suitable alternative to existing plate count methods and has reduced incubation time.

Fungi in Foods

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 745-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. KOBURGER ◽  
A. R. NORDEN
Keyword(s):  
Food Samples ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Plate Count Agar ◽  
Yeasts And Molds ◽  
Surface Plate

It was possible to compare recovery of yeasts and molds from 30 food samples by three methods, employing plate count agar and broth with added antibiotics. Although the pour plate and surface plate methods gave comparable results, the Most Probable Number (MPN) procedure consistently yielded the highest counts. With some of the samples, the MPN method was the only one in which recovery occurred. It thus appears that this procedure is practical for detection of fungi and may be of use in survey work or when analyzing foods containing low numbers of microorganisms.

scholarly journals Uji Angka Lempeng Total dan Kontaminan Koliform pada Susu Kedelai Bermerek yang Beredar di Kota Denpasar

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Michael Jordi Theofanny ◽  
Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam ◽  
Ni Putu Suwariani
Keyword(s):  
National Standard ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Plate Count Agar ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Sample Testing ◽  
Good For ◽  
Legal Product

This research aimed to testing total plate count and coliform contaminant on legal product soy milk sold in Denpasar city is qualified to Indonesian National Standard (SNI) and safe to consumption. Soy milk has high nutrition and good for growth microorganisms. Microorganisms in soy milk is good for health but be worried have a dangerous microorganisms. Samples of soy milk based on purposive method, tested with total plate count agar with pour plate method and contaminant coliform with most probable number method. The result of testing total plate count, all samples is under maximum of SNI  5 × 104CFU/g. After that soy milk sample testing of coliform contaminant, the result is all samples has negative coliform contaminant. Conclusion of the research is all of the legal product soy milk sold in Denpasar qualified to SNI No. 01-3830-1995 and safe to consumption. Keyword: coliform, Denpasar city, Indonesian national standard, soy milk, total plate count.

scholarly journals Comparison of SimPlate TotalTM Plate Count Test with Plate Count Agar Method for Detection and Quantitation of Bacteria in Food

1998 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E Townsend ◽  
Ali Naqui
Keyword(s):  
Food Samples ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Bacterial Concentration ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Foodborne Bacteria ◽  
Plate Count Agar ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Pca Method ◽  
Simple Regression Analysis ◽  
Simple Regression

abstract The SimPlateTM Total Plate Count (TPC) test, developed by IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., detects and quantitates total bacterial concentration in food after 24 h of incubation. The performance of SimPlate TPC was compared with that of the plate count agar (PCA) method for enumerating total bacterial concentration of 255 food samples representing 15 different food matrixes. Total bacterial counts on SimPlate TPC were measured after 24 h of incubation and plotted against values obtained from PCA after 48 h. Simple regression analysis of the data showed strong correlation between the methods (r = 0.95); the sensitivity of SimPlate TPC for foodborne bacteria was 96% relative to PCA (slope = 0.96). It was concluded that SimPlate TPC is a suitable alternative for the detection and quantitation of foodborne bacteria. The method has been granted Performance Tested Certification by the AOAC Research Institute.

Differentiation of Clostridium perfringens from Related Clostridia in Iron Milk Medium

1985 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARLOS ABEYTA ◽  
ANITA MICHALOVSKIS ◽  
MARLEEN M. WEKELL
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Positive Results

The stormy fermentation reaction of Clostridium perfringens in iron milk medium was compared to that of several C. perfringens-like strains. These clostridia, C. barati, C. perenne, C. absonum, and C. paraperfringens are very similar to C. perfringens on the basis of certain biochemical reactions and, consequently, are often difficult to distinguish from C. perfringens. Furthermore, these related clostridia may also be present in foods. Results of this study demonstrate that after 18 h of incubation at 45°C, only C. perfringens gave a positive reaction in iron milk with inocula as low as 22 cells/g. Some of the other strains began to show only gas production at 18 h. After 24 to 42 h some strains gave positive results and after 72 h all were positive. Enumeration of C. perfringens from food samples in iron milk medium by a 3-tube most probable number (MPN) technique gave similar results to enumeration by plate count using Shahidi-Ferguson Perfringens (SFP) agar. Furthermore, a rapid positive response occurred after only 2 and 3 h incubation of iron milk inoculated with 108 and 107 cells/ml, respectively. The high selectivity, ease of identification and rapid growth of C. perfringens in iron milk make the iron milk MPN procedure a valuable assay for accurate enumeration and differentiation of C. perfringens from related Clostridia in food products.

Comparison of the SimPlate Coliform and Escherichia coli Test with Petrifilm, Three-Tube MPN, and VRBA + MUG Methods for Enumerating Coliforms and E. coli in Food

1998 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. TOWNSEND ◽  
R. L. IRVING ◽  
A. NAQUI
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Additional Food ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli

SimPlate for coliforms and Escherichia coli (CEc) is a new method for the detection and quantification of coliforms and E. coli in food. Internal validation of the method was carried out at IDEXX Laboratories (Westbrook, ME) with 180 food samples representing a variety of different food matrices and compared against three-tube MPN (most probable number), VRBA (violet red bile agar) + MUG, and Petrifilm (E. coli count) methods. SimPlate CEc was highly correlated with each of these methods for the quantification of coliform bacteria (r ≥ 0.90). An insignificant number of food samples were found to contain E. coli; therefore, no meaningful correlation data could be generated. Four hundred forty-four additional food samples were tested at five collaborating laboratories for the presence of coliforms and E. coli using SimPlate CEc and either VRBA + MUG or Petrifilm (E. coli count). Regression analysis of data from SimPlate for CEc versus Petrifilm E. coli count plates generated correlation coefficients (r) of at least 0.89 for total coliforms and at least 0.90 for generic E. coli. Correlation coefficients between SimPlate for CEc and VRBA + MUG data were at least 0.90 for coliforms and at least 0.86 for E. coli. SimPlate for CEc demonstrated better recovery of E. coli than Petrifilm when high populations of bacteria were present. E. coli was not detected in 20 of 50 (40%) raw milk samples tested by the Petrifilm method due to the presence of interfering coliform and noncoliform bacteria. It is concluded that SimPlate for CEc is a suitable alternative for determining numbers of coliform bacteria and E. coli in food.

Enumeration of Total Aerobic Bacteria and Escherichia coli in Minced Meat and on Carcass Surface Samples with an Automated Most-Probable-Number Method Compared with Colony Count Protocols

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2500-2503 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. PAULSEN ◽  
E. SCHOPF ◽  
F. J. M. SMULDERS
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Plate Count Agar ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Minced Meat

An automated most-probable-number (MPN) system for the enumeration of total bacterial flora and Escherichia coli was compared with plate count agar and tryptone-bile-glucuronide (TBX) and ColiID (in-house method) agar methodology. The MPN partitioning of sample aliquots was done automatically on a disposable card containing 48 wells of 3 different volumes, i.e., 16 replicates per volume. Bacterial growth was detected by the formation of fluorescent 4-methylumbilliferone. After incubation, the number of fluorescent wells was read with a separate device, and the MPN was calculated automatically. A total of 180 naturally contaminated samples were tested (pig and cattle carcass surfaces, n = 63; frozen minced meat, n = 62; and refrigerated minced meat, n = 55). Plate count agar results and MPN were highly correlated (r = 0.99), with log MPN =−0.25 + 1.05·log CFU (plate count agar) (n = 163; range, 2.2 to 7.5 log CFU/g or cm2). Only a few discrepancies were recorded. In two samples (1.1%), the differences were ≥1.0 log; in three samples (1.7%), the differences were ≥0.5 log. For E. coli, regression analysis was done for all three methods for 80 minced meat samples, which were above the limit of detection (1.0 log CFU/g): log MPN = 0.18 + 0.98·log CFU (TBX), r = 0.96, and log MPN =−0.02 + 0.99·log CFU (ColiID), r = 0.99 (range, 1.0 to 4.2 log CFU/g). Four discrepant results were recorded, with differences of >0.5 but <1.0 log unit. These results suggest that the automated MPN method described is a suitable and labor-saving alternative to colony count techniques for total bacterial flora and E. coli determination in minced meat or on carcass surfaces.

Comparison of Different Most-Probable-Number Methods for Enumeration of Listeria in Poultry

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSA CAPITA ◽  
CARLOS ALONSO-CALLEJA
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Enrichment Broth ◽  
Test Taking ◽  
Highly Correlated

To estimate levels of Listeria spp. in poultry and to select the most appropriate enumeration method for routine analysis, 40 naturally contaminated retail chicken carcasses were tested in Ponferrada (León, N.W. Spain) using the direct plate count technique and various most-probable-number (MPN) designs (UVM I [University of Vermont modified Listeria enrichment broth], Fraser enrichment broth, or both were used in 3-, 5-, and 10-tube MPN techniques). MPN estimation was obtained from the number of tubes with Listeria confirmed (after streaking on PALCAM and modified Oxford agars: “true” MPN) and from the number of dark Fraser broth tubes (“predictive” MPN). Samples were analyzed in duplicate. Low levels of Listeria were found (<110 CFU/g). The direct plate count technique was totally ineffective for enumerating Listeria in poultry. The single-step (UVM I) and the two-step (UVM I-Fraser) MPN methods gave comparable estimations and a low number of significantly discrepant predictions. Using a single-step method with Fraser broth, lower true MPNs were obtained. The number of tubes used (3, 5, or 10) did not have a substantial influence on the results. Similar estimations, highly correlated (r = 0.538 to 0.968; P < 0.001), were found with (true MPN) and without (predictive MPN) plating confirmation when using the two-step MPN method. The statistical evaluation of the differential character of Fraser broth as part of the two-step MPN method showed high sensitivity (87.5 to 92.5%), specificity (95.2 to 98.6%), efficiency (94.2 to 97.6%), and predictive values (73.6 to 89.9% for a positive test and 98.0 to 98.9% for a negative test). Taking into account these results, we suggest the convenience of using a 3- or 5-tube two-step (UVM I-Fraser) MPN method with estimations obtained from the number of tubes with darkening, without confirmation, in order to achieve great savings in time and money.

scholarly journals Mutu Bakteriologis Saus Tomat Pentol di Banjarbaru

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratih Dewi Dwiyanti ◽  
Leka Lutpiatina
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Tomato Sauce ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Dressing Materials ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

<p style="text-align: justify;">Abstract: The food was used as a complementary flavor sauces include snacks bulb. Dressing materials according to SNI 01-7388-2009 must comply with the requirements of the parameter Staphylococcus aureus, MPN (Most probable number) Coliform, TPC (total plate count) and molds. This study aims to determine the percentage of tomato sauce snacks bulb in the area around the intersection of four Banjarbaru who do not qualify SNI 01-7388-2009 of parameters MPN Coliform and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed MPN Coliform tomato sauce ranges from 0-240 and Staphylococcus aureus 5 x 101 to 6.5 x 103. Concluded percentage tomato sauce snacks bulb that does not qualify SNI 01-7388-2009 parameter is 60% MPN Coliform and Staphylococcus aureus 80%. Suggestions to determine the value of TPC (total plate count) and molds and other chemical parameters of tomato sauce.

scholarly journals TEMPO® TVC for the Enumeration of Aerobic Mesophilic Flora in Foods: Collaborative Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin S Crowley ◽  
Patrick M Bird ◽  
Marianne K Torontali ◽  
James R Agin ◽  
David G Goins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract The automated system for enumeration of total viable count (TVC) in foods, TEMPO® TVC, uses a dehydrated culture medium and an enumeration card containing 48 wells across 3 different dilutions for the automatic determination of the most probable number (MPN). The alternative method was compared in a multilaboratory collaborative study to AOAC Method 966.23 for determination of aerobic plate count for nondairy products and the Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products (SMEDP) Standard Plate Count for dairy products. Five food types, raw ground beef, raw ground chicken, cooked whitefish fillets, bagged lettuce, and milk, were analyzed for TVC by 14 collaborating laboratories throughout the United States and Canada. Three lots of naturally contaminated food products representing a wide range of counts were tested for each of the 5 food types. The study demonstrated that the overall repeatability, reproducibility, and mean log counts of the TEMPO TVC method were statistically comparable to those of the 2 standard methods at the 5 level.

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