Factors Affecting Microbiological Quality of Vegetable- and Meat-Based Meals Served at Cafeterias in the Republic of Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
pp. 1838-1843
Author(s):  
H. W. KIM ◽  
N. H. KIM ◽  
T. J. CHO ◽  
S. M. PARK ◽  
S. H. KIM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Processing Steps

ABSTRACT A total of 364 samples of vegetable- and meat-based meals were collected at three processing steps: step I, preparation of raw ingredients; step II, processing and cooking; and step III, finished meals. Microbiological quality was evaluated by using data for the prevalence and concentration of the aerobic plate counts, total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC), and Escherichia coli. The data were analyzed for differences between cafeterias, seasons, raw materials, and processing steps. Fourteen (15.2%) of the 92 finished meal samples were microbiologically unsatisfactory. Neither cafeteria nor season was significantly associated with microbiological quality (P > 0.05). However, the type of raw ingredients and processing steps were significantly associated with differences in microbiological quality. Vegetable-based meals had higher TC concentrations than meat-based meals because salad and seasoned and fermented vegetables are not cooked, unlike heat-processed meat products. Microbial counts tended to decrease through the processing steps, and E. coli, which could only be enumerated on uncooked chicken breast (1.6 log CFU/g) and sliced pork (2.6 log CFU/g), was totally eliminated by boiling and roasting. However, the presence of FC was not completely eliminated, even by cooking, and so this group of organisms should be considered as an important indicator of hygienic meal preparation in cafeterias. Although pathogenic E. coli was not isolated in this study, continuous microbiological monitoring of composite foods served in cafeterias should be performed as the presence of TC and FC in finished meals indicates the potential for contamination by pathogenic E. coli.

scholarly journals Microbiological Quality and Safety of Retail Chicken and Beef Products in Lebanon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Yammine ◽  
L. Karam
Keyword(s):  
Meat Products ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Chicken Liver ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beef Meat ◽  
Beef Products ◽  
Meat Samples

Background: Controlling and reducing the food-borne illnesses remain one of the most challenging problems encountered by food authorities worldwide. This study was conducted to assess the microbiological quality of chicken breast, chicken liver, local and imported offal, and ground beef meat products sold in the Lebanese retail market. Methods: Thirty-five chicken breast and liver samples produced by ISO 22000 certified and non-certified companies were purchased from the market. Chicken samples were tested for Total Aerobic Count (TAC), Total Coliforms (TC), Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes. Twenty offal and ground beef meat samples were collected as sold in bulk from the market and were analyzed for Escherichia coli O157:H7. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software v. 23.0. Results: The results showed that 20, 100, 20, 80, and 0% of the analyzed chicken breast samples were rejected for TAC, TC, S. aureus, Salmonella spp., and L. monocytogenes, respectively. For chicken liver samples, 100% of the samples were rejected for TC and Salmonella spp., while all the samples were accepted for TAC, S. aureus, and L. monocytogenes. E. coli O157:H7 was absent in all meat samples. Conclusion: Some chicken samples from both certified and non-certified suppliers exceeded the standard upper limits showing hygienic concerns; whereas meat products were safe for consumption regarding the pathogenic E. coli O157:H7.

Impact of Raw Materials and Processing Techniques on The Microbiological Quality of Egyptian Domiati Cheese

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fresh Cheese ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Yeast

Domiati cheese is the most popular brand of cheese ripened in brine in the Middle East in terms of consumed quantities. This study was performed to investigate the impact of the microbiological quality of the used raw materials, the applied traditional processing techniques and ripening period on the quality and safety of the produced cheese. Three hundred random composite samples were collected from three factories at Fayoum Governorate, Egypt. Collected samples represent twenty-five each of: raw milk, table salt, calf rennet, microbial rennet, water, environmental air, whey, fresh cheese, ripened cheese & swabs from: worker hands; cheese molds and utensils; tanks. All samples were examined microbiologically for Standard Plate Count (SPC), coliforms count, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) count, total yeast & mould count, presence of E. coli, Salmonellae and Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes). The mean value of SPC, coliforms, S. aureus and total yeast & mould counts ranged from (79×102 CFU/m3 for air to 13×108 CFU/g for fresh cheese), (7×102 MPN/ cm2 for tank swabs to 80×106 MPN/ml for raw milk), (9×102 CFU/g for salt to 69×106 CFU/g for fresh cheese) and (2×102 CFU/cm2 for hand swabs to 60×104 CFU/g for fresh cheese), respectively. Whereas, E. coli, Salmonella and L. monocytogenes failed to be detected in all examined samples. There were significant differences in all determined microbiological parameters (p ≤0.05) between fresh and ripened cheese which may be attributed to different adverse conditions such as water activity, pH, salt content and temperature carried out to improve the quality of the product.

Microbiological performance and salmonella dynamics in a wastewater depuration pond system of southeastern spain

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Emparanza-Knörr ◽  
Francisco Torrella
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Village ◽  
Final Effluent

The Salmonella presence and the microbiological quality indicators, total and fecal coliforms and coliphages of E. coli C, have been studied in a overloaded wastewater lagoon system treating urban wastewatrers of the village of Guardamar del Segura (Alicante, Spain). Classical microbiological technology to detect salmonellae was used, including pre-enrichment, enrichment, selective media plating and biochemical and serological confirmation. Water was physicochemically characterized according to COD, SS, temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen. The selective migration step through Rappaport-Vassiliadis semisolid agar medium was essential for the consistent detection of Salmonella in the different lagoon effluents. Total and fecal coliform levels of up to 105-106 MPN/100 ml were detected in the final effluent. High coliphage concentrations of 103-104 pfu/ml were also found in the effluent waters. Salmonella was always detected in 100 ml samples and eventually reached an order of value of 103 MPN/100 ml. Total coliform reduction was higher in the anaerobic ponds whereas fecal coliforms were more efficiently eliminated in the facultative (mostly “anoxic”) lagoons. Coliphage reduction was higher in the facultative lagoons when compared to the anaerobic ponds. On many occasions, no reduction or eventual increment of the concentration of salmonellae was detected in the effluents from the anaerobic ponds compared to concentrations of the patohogen in the influent raw wasterwaters. The possibility exists for a capacity of Salmonella to multiply in the anoxic phase of the wastewater treatment, but the presence of microorganisms in raw sewage waters which could maskSalmonella detection with the enrichment methodology employed cannot be ruled out.

Enteric Bacteriophages as Potential Fecal Indicators in Ground Beef and Poultry Meat

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.-C. HSU ◽  
Y.-S. CAROL SHIEH ◽  
M. D. SOBSEY
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Fecal Indicators ◽  
Somatic Coliphages ◽  
Critical Control Points

Recovery efficiencies of enteric bacteriophages (F+ RNA coliphages, somatic coliphages, and Salmonella phages) as alternative fecal indicators were determined from ground beef and chicken breast meat using amino acid eluants (glycine and threonine) and a complex eluant (3% beef extract). Levels of F+ RNA coliphages (MS2, GA, Qβ, FI, and SP), the somatic coliphage ΦX174, and three environmental isolates of Salmonella phages (isolated from raw sewage) were assayed using three respective hosts: Escherichia coli Famp, E. coli C, and Salmonella Typhimurium. When 8% polyethylene glycol and 0.1 M NaCl were used to precipitate bacteriophages eluted with five different eluants, the highest recoveries of the three phage groups were with 0.5 M threonine and 0.25 M glycine-threonine. The average recoveries of F+ RNA coliphages, somatic coliphages, and the Salmonella phages from ground beef and chicken meat were 100, 69, and 65%, respectively, with threonine (0.5 M, pH 9.0) as the eluate. Of eight market food samples tested, F+ RNA coliphages were detected in five (63%) and somatic coliphages were detected in seven (88%). The overall detection sensitivity of the method was 3 PFU/100 g of ground beef or chicken meat. Levels of bacteriophages and bacterial indicators on chicken carcass surfaces were determined at identified critical control points at a poultry plant. Through the processing steps of evisceration, washing, and chilling, the levels of F+ RNA coliphages and fecal coliforms were reduced by 1.6 and 1.9 log10 PFU or CFU/100 g, respectively. F+ RNA coliphages and perhaps other enteric bacteriophages may be effective candidate indicators for monitoring the microbiological quality of meat, poultry, and perhaps other foods during processing. The bacteriophage concentration method developed provides a simple, rapid, and practical tool for the evaluation of fecal contamination levels in ground beef and processed chicken meat.

scholarly journals Implementation of Multispectral Imaging (MSI) for Microbiological Quality Assessment of Poultry Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Evgenia D. Spyrelli ◽  
Agapi I. Doulgeraki ◽  
Anthoula A. Argyri ◽  
Chrysoula C. Tassou ◽  
Efstathios Z. Panagou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Burger Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Msi Analysis

The aim of this study was to investigate on an industrial scale the potential of multispectral imaging (MSI) in the assessment of the quality of different poultry products. Therefore, samples of chicken breast fillets, thigh fillets, marinated souvlaki and burger were subjected to MSI analysis during production together with microbiological analysis for the enumeration of Total Viable Counts (TVC) and Pseudomonas spp. Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS-R) models were developed based on the spectral data acquired to predict the “time from slaughter” parameter for each product type. Results showed that PLS-R models could predict effectively the time from slaughter in all products, while the food matrix and variations within and between batches were identified as significant factors affecting the performance of the models. The chicken thigh model showed the lowest RMSE value (0.160) and an acceptable correlation coefficient (r = 0.859), followed by the chicken burger model where RMSE and r values were 0.285 and 0.778, respectively. Additionally, for the chicken breast fillet model the calculated r and RMSE values were 0.886 and 0.383 respectively, whereas for chicken marinated souvlaki, the respective values were 0.934 and 0.348. Further improvement of the provided models is recommended in order to develop efficient models estimating time from slaughter.

scholarly journals Extraintestinal Escherichia coli Carrying Virulence Genes in Coastal Marine Sediments

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (17) ◽  
pp. 5659-5668 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Luna ◽  
C. Vignaroli ◽  
C. Rinaldi ◽  
A. Pusceddu ◽  
L. Nicoletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
E Coli

ABSTRACT Despite the recognized potential of long-term survival or even growth of fecal indicators bacteria (FIB) in marine sediments, this compartment is largely ignored by health protection authorities. We conducted a large-scale study over approximately 50 km of the Marche coasts (Adriatic Sea) at depths ranging from 2 to 5 m. Total and fecal coliforms (FC) were counted by culture-based methods. Escherichia coli was also quantified using fluorescence in situ hybridization targeting specific 16S rRNA sequences, which yielded significantly higher abundances than culture-based methods, suggesting the potential importance of viable but nonculturable E. coli cells. Fecal coliforms displayed high abundances at most sites and showed a prevalence of E. coli. FC isolates (n = 113) were identified by API 20E, additional biochemical tests, and internal transcribed spacer-PCR. E. coli strains, representing 96% of isolates, were then characterized for genomic relatedness and phylogenetic group (A, B1, B2, and D) of origin by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA and multiplex-PCR. The results indicated that E. coli displayed a wide genotypic diversity, also among isolates from the same station, and that 44 of the 109 E. coli isolates belonged to groups B2 and D. Further characterization of B2 and D isolates for the presence of 11 virulence factor genes (pap, sfa/foc, afa, eaeA, ibeA, traT, hlyA, stx 1, stx 2, aer, and fyuA) showed that 90% of B2 and 65% of D isolates were positive for at least one of these. Most of the variance of both E. coli abundance and assemblage composition (>62%) was explained by a combination of physical-chemical and trophic variables. These findings indicate that coastal sediments could represent a potential reservoir for commensal and pathogenic E. coli and that E. coli distribution in marine coastal sediments largely depends upon the physical and trophic status of the sediment. We conclude that future sampling designs aimed at monitoring the microbiological quality of marine coastal areas should not further neglect the analysis of the sediment and that monitoring of these environments can be improved by including molecular methods as a complement of culture-based techniques.

MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF TILAPIA AND WATER IN AQUACULTURE FARMS FROM SINALOA

Biotecnia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
José Antonio Valenzuela-Armenta ◽  
Sylvia Páz Díaz-Camacho ◽  
Julio Adalberto Cabanillas-Ramos ◽  
Magdalena de Jesus Uribe-Beltrán ◽  
Mária del Carmen De la Cruz-Otero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Enterobacter Agglomerans ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The World ◽  
Fishery Products

Tilapia is the most cultivated fish around the world. The fish’s environment can harbor bacteria, especially coliforms, which are not normal biota of fish. These microorganisms are contamination indicator groups (IGs) reflecting the possible presence of pathogens, which can compromise the safety of fishery products. The IGs prevalence was estimated in tilapia and water from 29 aquaculture farms. Total and fecal coliforms (TC, FC), mesophilic aerobic bacteria (MAB), S. aureus, E. coli, Salmonella sp., and Streptococcus sp., were investigated. In tilapia, TC and FC were detected in 64% and 48% of the samples, ranging from 4.0 x 101 to 9.8 x 105, and from 1.0 x 101 to 6.4 x 103 CFU/g, respectively; MAB were detected in 90% of the samples. In water, TC and FC were detected in 57% and 35% of the samples, oscillating from 1.0 x 101 to 2.28 x104, and from 1.0 x 101 to 1.2 x 103 CFU/mL, respectively. MAB were detected in 89% of the water samples. Mostly E. coli and Enterobacter agglomerans were detected. Generally, IGs concentrations meet the Mexican regulations; however, the tilapia’s microbiological quality must be continuously monitored.

scholarly journals Identification of Raw Materials in Processed Meat Products by PCR Using Species-Specific Primer

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Chjun Park ◽  
Chi-Young Ahn ◽  
Sang-Ook Jin ◽  
Ji-Young Lim ◽  
Kyu-Heon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Species Specific

scholarly journals KUALITAS MIKROBIOLOGI ES BATU KRISTAL DAN HYGIENE SANITASI SEPANJANG RANTAI DISTRIBUSI DI SURABAYA

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Zumairotul Muna ◽  
AT. Diana Nerawati ◽  
Rachmaniyah .
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Microbiological Contamination ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ice Cube ◽  
Standard Operating ◽  
Distribution Chain

Crystal ice cube consumed by people is distributed through distribution chain from factories, agents, and ice traders in Surabaya. Each distribution chain posses risk of contamination to the quality of the ice, one of which is microbiological contamination that cause health problems to consumers. This is descriptive study aimed to obtain microbiological quality of crystal ice cube and hygiene sanitation throughout distribution chain in Surabaya. Sampling and observations were conducted sequentially in the same day, in different time and with 3 time repetition for 3 days in a row. Data were analyzed descriptively. The result showed  that the ice crystals did not contain E. coli yet contained MPN Coliform. The rate of MPN Coliform on ice at factory  was 10 colonies / 100 cc sample, at agent was 12-15 colonies / 100 cc sample, and at merchant were 15-43 colonies / 100 cc sample. Hygiene sanitation affecting MPN Coliform in crystal ice are non standard raw materials, production process, transportation, and the handlers. In conclusion, microbiological quality of crystal ice cube along the distribution chain in Surabaya with E. coli parameter did not meet standard. Health Department needs to conduct surveillance on a regular basis. Factory of ice cube needs to  make Standard Operating Procedures. Agents  and traders need to improve hygiene sanitation of conveyance, transport personnel, equipment, and handlers.  Keywords : Ice Cube Crystals, Chain Distribution, Hygiene Sanitation, MPN Coliform, E. coli

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