Men and women do not have the same relation between body composition and postural sway

Abstract Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of body composition on the postural sway during quiet standing. Our hypothesis is that men and women do not have the same relation between body composition and postural sway during quiet standing. Materials and Methods: Participated in the study 50 men and 50 women; age range: 20-40 years old. The main outcome measures were: Body composition (bone densitometry), percentage of fat (% fat) tissue (g), fat (g), lean mass (g), bone mineral content (g) and bone mineral density (g/cm2); Anthropometry: body mass (kg), height (cm), length of the trunk-head (cm), length of lower limbs (cm). The following indices were calculated: body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) and Postural balance test - center ofpressure displacement. Results: The correlation analysis showed low correlations between postural sway and anthropometric variables. The multiple linear regression model showed that the body composition and the anthropometry were able to explain only men's postural sway. Conclusion: The postural sway is sex type dependent. Men and women have different relations between body composition and postural sway. Only male's body composition affected the body sway.

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Relation between the Sensory and Anthropometric Variables in the Quiet Standing Postural Control: Is the Inverted Pendulum Important for the Static Balance Control?

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/985312 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Angélica C. Alonso ◽

Luis Mochizuki ◽

Natália Mariana Silva Luna ◽

Sérgio Ayama ◽

Alexandra Carolina Canonica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Postural Control ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Postural Sway ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

Balance Control ◽

The Body ◽

Limb Length ◽

Quiet Standing ◽

Mineral Density

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between the sensory and anthropometric variables in the quiet standing.Methods. One hundred individuals (50 men, 50 women; 20–40 years old) participated in this study. For all participants, the body composition (fat tissue, lean mass, bone mineral content, and bone mineral density) and body mass, height, trunk-head length, lower limb length, and upper limb length were measured. The center of pressure was measured during the quiet standing posture, the eyes opened and closed with a force platform. Correlation and regression analysis were run to analyze the relation among body composition, anthropometric data, and postural sway.Results. The correlation analysis showed low relation between postural sway and anthropometric variables. The multiple linear regression analyses showed that the height explained 12% of the mediolateral displacement and 11% of the center of pressure area. The length of the trunk head explained 6% of displacement in the anteroposterior postural sway. During eyes closed condition, the support basis and height explained 18% of mediolateral postural sway.Conclusion. The postural control depends on body composition and dimension. This relation is mediated by the sensory information. The height was the anthropometric variable that most influenced the postural sway.

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Determinants of Bone Mineral Density in Older Men and Women: Body Composition as Mediator

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research ◽

10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.11.2142 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 2142-2151 ◽

Cited By ~ 121

Author(s):

S. M. F. Pluijm ◽

M. Visser ◽

J. H. Smit ◽

C. Popp-Snijders ◽

J. C. Roos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Body Composition ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Older Men ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Men And Women ◽

Older Men And Women

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Relationship between Leg Strength and Balance and Lean Body Mass. Benefits for Active Aging

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12062380 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 2380 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alfonso Castillo-Rodríguez ◽

Wanesa Onetti-Onetti ◽

Rui Sousa Mendes ◽

José Luis Chinchilla-Minguet

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Social Issues ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

The Elderly ◽

The Body ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Strength Capacity

Physical activity (PA) can bring incalculable benefits to people throughout the aging process. The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between the leg and arm strength, body composition and balance of elderly people. Twenty-one people (9 men and 12 women) over 60 years of age voluntarily participated in this study. Bioimpedance tests were carried out to obtain body mass data, manual dynamometer tests and the lower limbs test were conducted to obtain strength values, and the stork balance stand test was conducted to assess static balance. As a result, medium-high correlation coefficients were obtained between the aforementioned dependent variables. The highest value corresponded to the relationship between the results of the dominant hand strength test (right hand in all participants) and the lean body mass (LBM) of the participant (R2 = 75%, p < 0.001). The results indicated that strength capacity, recorded by dynamometry, and balance ability have a direct relationship with the body composition of the subject, especially with their lean body mass. These data suggest that a greater lean body mass can provide greater strength and balance in the elderly, so it would improve or have greater duration the functionality and independence of the person, thereby justifying direct benefits in people and indirect benefits in public administrations that finance these social issues.

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High Levels of Physical Activity May Promote a Reduction in Bone Mineral Density in Peritoneal Dialysis

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina56090464 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (9) ◽

pp. 464

Author(s):

Armando Raimundo ◽

Zelinda Charrua ◽

Nuno Batalha ◽

Catarina Pereira ◽

Jose Parraca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Body Composition ◽

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Vigorous Activity ◽

Mineral Density

Background and objectives: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are expected to present lower levels of physical activity, unhealthy changes at the body composition level, and low levels of strength. Firstly, this study aimed to report the sex differences in physical activity, body composition and muscle strength and the relations among these variables. Secondly, we analyze the relationship between physical activity and biochemical parameters. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four patients (13 women and 21 men) participated in this study. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and maximum isokinetic unilateral strength, analytical parameters and physical activity levels were evaluated. Results: The men showed higher values for weight, height, lean body mass, bone mineral content, bone mineral density (BMD) and total body water, while women showed higher values for the percentage of fat mass and hydration of lean body mass (p < 0.05). No differences between the sexes were found in different levels of physical activity; however, males registered significantly higher values for isokinetic strength variables except for knee extensor strength. BMD was positively related to sedentary activity and negatively related to moderate and vigorous activity (r = 0.383 and r = −0.404, respectively). Light physical activity was negatively correlated with albumin (r = −0.393) and total protein (r = −0.410) levels, while moderate/vigorous activity was positively correlated with urea distribution volume (r = 0.446) and creatinine clearance (r = 0.359) and negatively correlated with the triglyceride level (r = −0.455). Conclusions: PD patients with higher levels of physical activity present better results in terms of body composition and biochemical parameters. Additional studies should be conducted to clarify the relation between physical activity level and BMD.

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The Effects of Growth Hormone Treatment on Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition in Girls with Turner Syndrome

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2006-1351 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 91 (11) ◽

pp. 4302-4305 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Mim Ari ◽

Vladimir K. Bakalov ◽

Suvimol Hill ◽

Carolyn A. Bondy

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Body Composition ◽

Turner Syndrome ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Age ◽

Treated Group ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Gh Treatment

Abstract Background: Many girls with Turner syndrome (TS) are treated with GH to increase adult height. In addition to promoting longitudinal bone growth, GH has effects on bone and body composition. Objective: The objective was to determine how GH treatment affects bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition in girls with TS. Method: In a cross-sectional study, we compared measures of body composition and BMD by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, and phalangeal cortical thickness by hand radiography in 28 girls with TS who had never received GH and 39 girls who were treated with GH for at least 1 yr. All girls were participants in a National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Research Center (CRC) protocol between 2001 and 2006. Results: The two groups were similar in age (12.3 yr, sd 2.9), bone age (11.5 yr, sd 2.6), and weight (42.8 kg, sd 16.6); but the GH-treated group was taller (134 vs. 137 cm, P = 0.001). The average duration of GH treatment was 4.2 (sd 3.2) yr (range 1–14 yr). After adjustment for size and bone age, there were no significant differences in BMD at L1–L4, 1/3 radius or cortical bone thickness measured at the second metacarpal. However, lean body mass percent was higher (P < 0.001), whereas body fat percent was lower (P < 0.001) in the GH-treated group. These effects were independent of estrogen exposure and were still apparent in girls that had finished GH treatment at least 1 yr previously. Conclusions: Although GH treatment has little effect on cortical or trabecular BMD in girls with TS, it is associated with increased lean body mass and reduced adiposity.

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Muscle Strength, Body Composition, and Performance of an Elite Shot-Putter

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.7.4.394 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 394-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Gerasimos Terzis ◽

Thomas Kyriazis ◽

Giorgos Karampatsos ◽

Giorgos Georgiadis

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Bench Press ◽

Scientific Data ◽

The Body ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Repetition Maximum ◽

Shot Put

Purpose:Although muscle mass and strength are thought to be closely related to throwing performance, there are few scientific data about these parameters in elite shot-putters. The purpose of this case report was to present longitudinal data for muscle strength and body composition in relation to performance of an elite male shot-putter.Methods:A male national champion with the best rotational shot-put performance of 20.36 m (in 2010) was followed from 2003 to 2011 (current age: 29 y). Data regarding body composition (dual X-ray absorptiometry), as well as 1-repetition-maximum muscle strength (bench press, squat, snatch) and rotational shot-put performance, were collected every February for the last 9 y, 4 wk before the national indoor championship event.Results:The athlete’s personal-best performances in squat, bench press, and snatch were 175 kg, 210 kg, and 112.5 kg, respectively. His peak total lean body mass was 92.4 kg, bone mineral density 1.55 g/cm2, and lowest body fat 12.9%. His shot-put performance over these 9 years was significantly correlated with 1-repetition-maximum squat strength (r = .93, P < .01), bench press (r = .87, P < .01), and snatch (r = .92, P < .01). In contrast, shot-put performance was not significantly correlated with any of the body-composition parameters.Conclusions:The results of this case study suggest that elite rotational shot-put performance may not be directly correlated with lean body mass. Instead, it seems that it is closely related with measures of muscle strength.

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