The application of an input-output approach to measuring the impact of air transport on the economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-92
Author(s):  
Sonia Huderek-Glapska
Keyword(s):  
Air Transport ◽  
Input Output ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Inter-industrial Relations and Sectoral Employment Development in German Regions

2013 ◽  
Vol 233 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Kowalewski
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
German Regions ◽  
Single Industry ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Summary This paper analyses the impact of cluster structures on employment development in Germany according to the hypothesis of Porter (1998). It develops a new way of measuring the co-location of suppliers and buyers of intermediate goods in a region based on an input-output approach. The resulting indicator is implemented in a shift-share regression in order to analyse the importance of input-output linkages for the employment development in individual industries. One advantage of this approach is that the results can be compared to earlier studies on localization advantages according to Marshall (1890). The results show that the availability of suppliers and customers in the same region was a major engine for job creation in specific industries in the past. In the period 1998 to 2007 this was particularly observed for service sectors, such as Air Transport or Health and Social Work but also for some manufacturing industries as well as for Agriculture and Construction. It becomes apparent from the comparison with earlier findings that agglomeration advantages are not realizable within a single industry. Positive effects rather result from the right composition of different industries that have the possibility to establish common production chains. However, for a lot of industries the intensity of inter-industrial interdependence did not play a significant role for their employment development.

scholarly journals Dampak Ekonomi Dan Positioning Pada Beberapa Maskapai Penerbangan Dalam Negeri

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Suryadi Suryadi
Keyword(s):  
Development Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Biplot Analysis ◽  
The Impact

The problem often encountered in the development planning is the difficulty of measuring on the economic impact that occurs in other sectors, as a result of the growth of air transport. On the other hand, the policy of deregulation in the airline business makes no more barriers for new airlines to enter the aviation industry making competition more competitive. The method of research used was the data of Input-Output Tables of Indonesia in 2008 and biplot analysis. The results showed that an increase in the growth of air transport, the impact on growth in air transport itself with multiplier (1.71), the oil refining industry with multiplier (0.11), the services sector with multiplier (0.10), the other industries sector with multiplier (0.08), the transport sector industries with multiplier (0.07) as well as trade sector with multiplier (0.06). Through biplot analysis is known that Lion Air forms a cluster. The cluster is characterized by a variable of passenger transported (pnp_diak), the plane departed (pes_brk) and load-factor of passenger (lf_pnp). A cluster that has the advantage of variable of km-plane (km_pes) is Garuda Indonesia Airline and Batavia Air in 2010. A cluster that has the advantage of variable of load/actor of goods transported (lf_brg) is Merpati Nusantara Airline and Sriwijaya Air.Keywords: Multiplier, passengers transported, miles-plane, the plane left and aircraft flight hours Masalah yang sering dihadapi dalam perencanaan pembangunan yaitu sulitnya mengukur dampak ekonomi yang terjadi pada sektor-sektor lainnya, sebagai akibat pertumbuhan angkutan udara. Pada sisi lain, kebijakan deregulasi pada bisnis penerbangan membuat tidak ada lagi hambatan bagi maskapai penerbangan baru untuk masuk ke industri penerbangan sehingga persaingan usaha semakin kompetitif. Metode penelitian menggunakan data Tabel Input-Output Indonesia tahun 2008 dan biplot analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan pertumbuhan angkutan udara, berdampak pada peningkatan pertumbuhan angkutan udara itu sendiri dengan multiplier (1,71), sektor industri pengilangan minyak dengan multiplier (0,11), sektor jasa-jasa dengan multiplier (0,10), sektor industri lainnya dengan multiplier (0,08), sektor industri angkutan dengan multiplier (0,07) serta sektor perdagangan dengan multiplier (0,06). Melalui biplot analisis diketahui bahwa maskapai penerbangan Lion Air membentuk satu klaster. Klaster tersebut dicirikan oleh variabel penumpang diangkut (pnp_diak), pesawat berangkat (pes_brk) dan load faktor penumpang (lf_pnp). Anggota kluster yang memiliki keunggulan pada variabel km-pesawat (km_pes) adalah Garuda Indonesia Airline dan Batavia Air tahun 2010. Anggota klaster yang memiliki_keunggulan pada variabel load faktor barang yang diangkut (lf_brg) adalah Merpah Nusantara Airline dan Sriwijaya Air. Kata kunci : Multiplier, penumpang diangkut, km-pesawat, pesawat berangkat dan jam terbang pesawat

The Impact of the Public Expenditure Cuts Policy on the Labor Market in Vietnam

2012 ◽  
pp. 22-46
Author(s):  
Huong Nguyen Thi Lan ◽  
Toan Pham Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of public expenditure cuts on employment and income to support policies for the development of the labor mar- ket. Impact evaluation is of interest for policy makers as well as researchers. This paper presents a method – that is based on a Computable General Equilibrium model – to analyse the impact of the public expenditure cuts policy on employment and income in industries and occupations in Vietnam using macro data, the Input output table, 2006, 2008 and the 2010 Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey.

Estimating the impact of Bio-Economy using input-output table

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-86
Author(s):  
주원 ◽  
Lee Joo Rynag ◽  
Yoon-Jung Jung
Keyword(s):  
Input Output ◽  
Output Table ◽  
The Impact

Impact of dust and sand storms on the aviation operation and assessment of conditions for their occurrence at aerodromes in European Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 78-95
Author(s):  
A.R. Ivanova ◽  
◽  
E.N. Skriptunova ◽  
N.I. Komasko ◽  
A.A. Zavialova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Dust Transport ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sand Storm ◽  
The Impact

A review of literature on the impact of dust and sand storms on the air transport operation is presented. Observational data on dust storms at the aerodromes of European Russia for the period of 2001-2019 are analyzed. The seasonal variations in dust transport episodes at aerodromes and its relationship with visibility changes are discussed. The characteristics of dusty air masses and advection are given. It is concluded that the frequency of dust transfer episodes for the aerodromes under study has decreased over the past five years, except for Gumrak aerodrome (Volgograd). Keywords: dust storm, sand storm, aviation, visibility, seasonal variations, aerodrome оf European Russia

scholarly journals THE FUTURE OF PASSENGER AIR TRANSPORT – VERY LARGE AIRCRAFT AND OUT KEY HUMAN FACTORS AFFECTING THE OPERATION AND SAFETY OF PASSENGER AIR TRANSPORT

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Petra Skolilova
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fuel Burn ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

The article outlines some human factors affecting the operation and safety of passenger air transport given the massive increase in the use of the VLA. Decrease of the impact of the CO2 world emissions is one of the key goals for the new aircraft design. The main wave is going to reduce the burned fuel. Therefore, the eco-efficiency engines combined with reasonable economic operation of the aircraft are very important from an aviation perspective. The prediction for the year 2030 says that about 90% of people, which will use long-haul flights to fly between big cities. So, the A380 was designed exactly for this time period, with a focus on the right capacity, right operating cost and right fuel burn per seat. There is no aircraft today with better fuel burn combined with eco-efficiency per seat, than the A380. The very large aircrafts (VLAs) are the future of the commercial passenger aviation. Operating cost versus safety or CO2 emissions versus increasing automation inside the new generation aircraft. Almost 80% of the world aircraft accidents are caused by human error based on wrong action, reaction or final decision of pilots, the catastrophic failures of aircraft systems, or air traffic control errors are not so frequent. So, we are at the beginning of a new age in passenger aviation and the role of the human factor is more important than ever.

Statistical Approaches to Structural Change in Regional Interindustry Models

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1189-1207
Author(s):  
B Ó Huallacháin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analyses ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
State Data ◽  
System A ◽  
Statistical Approaches ◽  
The Impact

The conventional approach to assessing structural change in regional input – output tables is to measure the impact of coefficient change on the estimation of outputs and multipliers. The methods developed and tested in this paper focus exclusively on the coefficients. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses can be used to identify and measure various types of changes ranging from coefficient instability to changes in interindustry relationships as a system. A distinction is made between structural changes in input relationships and those in output relationships. The methods are tested by using Washington State data for the years 1963 and 1967. The results are compared with previous analyses of change in these data.

scholarly journals Integrated Mechanistic Engineering Models and Macroeconomic Input-Output approach to Model Physical Economy for Evaluating the Impact of transition to Circular Economy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata Sai Gargeya Vunnava ◽  
Shweta Singh
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Engineering Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sustainable Transition

Sustainable transition to low carbon and zero waste economy requires a macroscopic evaluation of opportunities and impact of adopting emerging technologies in a region. However, a full assessment of current...

scholarly journals An Input–Output Ex Ante Regional Model to Assess the Short-Term Net Effects of the 16 April 2016 Earthquake in Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Salgado ◽  
José Ramírez-Álvarez ◽  
Diego Mancheno
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazard ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Consumption Demand ◽  
Two Sectors ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThe 16 April 2016 earthquake in Ecuador exposed the significant weaknesses concerning the methodological designs to compute—from an economic standpoint—the consequences of a natural hazard-related disaster for productive exchanges and the accumulation of capital in Ecuador. This study addressed one of these challenges with an innovative ex ante model to measure the partial and net short-term effects of a natural hazard-related catastrophe from an interregional perspective, with the 16 April 2016 earthquake serving as a case study. In general, the specified and estimated model follows the approach of the extended Miyazawa model, which endogenizes consumption demand in a standard input–output model with the subnational interrelations and resulting multipliers. Due to the country’s limitations in its regional account records the input–output matrices for each province of Ecuador had to be estimated, which then allowed transactions carried out between any two sectors within or outside a given province to be identified by means of the RAS method. The estimations provide evidence that the net short-term impact on the national accounts was not significant, and under some of the simulated scenarios, based on the official information with respect to earthquake management, the impact may even have had a positive effect on the growth of the national product during 2016.

scholarly journals Un modèle de projection des prix utilisant les relations intersectorielles de l’économie canadienne

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
R. Rioux
Keyword(s):  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Price Formation ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Price Model ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Push Model ◽  
Input Prices

This paper describes a simple cost-push price model which has been developed at the Structural Analysis Division of Statistics Canada. This price model is a traditional input/output cost-push model which has been adapted to utilize the rectangular industry by commodity input/output tables for Canada. It can be considered as the "dual" of the output model. Instead of analysing the propagation of demand through the economic system, the price model serves to analyse the propagation of factor prices throughout the system. The purpose of such a price formation model is to determine the impact on industry selling prices and domestic commodity prices arising from a change in impart commodity prices and primary input prices. This price model is of a static type; it accepts no substitutions and its structure is quite rigid. It is considered as being an annual model although it can be used for a different time period. This model is fully operational and is widely used by many government and private agencies.

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