The Impact of Computers on Energy Planning

2019 ◽  
pp. 225-233
Keyword(s):  
Energy Planning ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on Electricity Demand: Deriving Minimum States of System Health for Studies on Resilience

Data ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Smruti Manjunath ◽  
Madhura Yeligeti ◽  
Maria Fyta ◽  
Jannik Haas ◽  
Hans-Christian Gils
Keyword(s):  
Peak Load ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Working From Home ◽  
System Resilience ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Electricity Systems ◽  
Daily Load

To assess the resilience of energy systems, i.e., the ability to recover after an unexpected shock, the system’s minimum state of service is a key input. Quantitative descriptions of such states are inherently elusive. The measures adopted by governments to contain COVID-19 have provided empirical data, which may serve as a proxy for such states of minimum service. Here, we systematize the impact of the adopted COVID-19 measures on the electricity demand. We classify the measures into three phases of increasing stringency, ranging from working from home to soft and full lockdowns, for four major electricity consuming countries of Europe. We use readily accessible data from the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity as a basis. For each country and phase, we derive representative daily load profiles with hourly resolution obtained by k-medoids clustering. The analysis could unravel the influence of the different measures to the energy consumption and the differences among the four countries. It is observed that the daily peak load is considerably flattened and the total electricity consumption decreases by up to 30% under the circumstances brought about by the COVID-19 restrictions. These demand profiles are useful for the energy planning community, especially when designing future electricity systems with a focus on system resilience and a more digitalised society in terms of working from home.

Estimation of solar radiation from digital elevation model in area of rough topography

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lurwan Mahmoud Sabo ◽  
Norman Mariun ◽  
Hashim Hizam ◽  
Mohd Amran Mohd Radzi ◽  
Azmi Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Topographic Parameters

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the reliability of the technique for estimating solar radiation in areas of rough topography and to detect the source of error and means for improvement. Design/methodology/approach Spatial data of the study area in the form of digital elevation model (DEM) coupled with geographic information system (GIS) were used to estimate the monthly solar radiation at locations with rough topography. The generated data were compared with measured data collected from all the selected locations using NASA data. Findings The results show that the variation in topographic parameters has a strong influence on the amount of solar radiation received by two close locations. However, the method performed well for solar radiation estimated in the areas of rough topography. Research limitations/implications The proposed approach overestimates the monthly solar radiation as compared with NASA data due to the impact of topographic parameters accounted for by the model which are not accounted by conventional methods of measurements. This approach can be improved by incorporating the reflected component of radiation in the model used to estimate the solar radiation implemented in the GIS. Originality/value The approach of using GIS with DEM to estimate solar radiation enables to identify the spatial variability in solar radiation between two closest locations due to the influence of topographic parameters, and this will assist in proper energy planning and decision making for optimal areas of solar photovoltaic installation.

scholarly journals Linking Dynamic Building Simulation with Long-Term Energy System Planning to Improve Buildings Urban Energy Planning Strategies

Smart Cities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1242-1265
Author(s):  
Lidia Stermieri ◽  
Chiara Delmastro ◽  
Cristina Becchio ◽  
Stefano Paolo Corgnati
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Simulation ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
The Impact

The building sector is currently responsible of 40% of global final energy consumption, influencing the broader energy system in terms of new electricity and heat capacity additions, as well as distribution infrastructure reinforcement. Current building energy efficiency potential is largely untapped, especially at the local level where retrofit interventions are typically enforced, neglecting their potential synergies with the entire energy system. To improve the understanding of these potential interactions, this paper proposes a methodology that links dynamic building simulation and energy planning tools at the urban scale. At first, a detailed bottom-up analysis was conducted to estimate the current and post-retrofit energy demand of the building stock. The stock analysis is further linked to a broader energy system simulation model to understand the impact of building renovation on the whole urban energy system in terms of cost, greenhouse gas emission, and primary energy consumption up to 2050. The methodology is suited to analyze the relationship between building energy demand reduction potential and clean energy sources’ deployment to shift buildings away from fossil fuels, the key priority for decarbonizing buildings. The methodology was applied to the case study city of Torino, Italy, highlighting the critical role of coupling proper building retrofit intervention with district-level heat generation strategies, such as modern district heating able to exploit low-grade heat. Being able to simulate both demand and supply future alternatives, the methodology provides a robust reference for municipalities and energy suppliers aiming at promoting efficient energy policies and targeted investments.

scholarly journals MODELING LOCAL RESOURCES AND CONSTRAINTS ON THE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-402
Author(s):  
Vidas Lekavičius ◽  
Arvydas Galinis
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Planning Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modelling Methods ◽  
Sensitivity And Uncertainty Analysis

Renewable energy and local resources play increasingly important role in the contemporary energy system. However, many energy planning models fail to represent peculiarities and constraints related to the use of bioenergy and other local resources. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the impact of modelling methods used for the reflection of local energy and non-energy resources and constraints in energy planning models. For this, scientific literature concerning modelling methods has been analysed and special mathematical model has been created. This model allows for optimization of heat production in different generation sources. Global sensitivity and uncertainty analysis has revealed the most influential factors in both traditional specification of the model and extended one which includes reflection of local resources and constraints. The results of the research highlight the positive effects provided by the integration of local peculiarities into the traditional energy planning models.

scholarly journals Pemodelan Dampak COVID-19 Terhadap Kebutuhan Energi di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Agus Sugiyono ◽  
Joko Santosa ◽  
Adiarso ◽  
Edi Hilmawan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Social Restriction ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

In order to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic, the government issued a large-scale social restriction policy (PSBB). The policy in the form of restrictions on social activities will limit economic activity which ultimately has an impact on decreasing energy demand. This PSBB policy is challenge in implementing a national energy management plan, and might causes some of the energy planning targets not to be achieved. To analyze the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on national energy demand, an energy model was created using LEAP software. LEAP is a model for comprehensive energy planning from energy resources to energy use based on an accounting system. For the purposes of analysis, LEAP requires quite detailed data, in the form of socioeconomic data, energy data, and community activity data due to social restrictions. In this paper, the results of energy modeling simulation are discussed in terms of energy demand based on the scenario of no pandemic or bussiness as usual (BAU) and three pandemic scenarios, namely: optimistic (OPT), moderate (MOD), and pessimistic (PES) scenarios. Energy demand in 2020 is predicted to decrease by 10.7% (OPT scenario), 15.3% (MOD scenario), and 20.0% (PES scenario) compared to the BAU scenario. The model can still be further developed to analyze the impact, both on the overall of demand side and energy supply side and also environmental aspects.

scholarly journals Pu multi-recycling scenarios towards a PWR fleet for a stabilization of spent fuel inventories in France

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Fanny Courtin ◽  
Camille Laguerre ◽  
Philippe Miranda ◽  
Christine Chabert ◽  
Guillaume Martin
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Natural Uranium ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Cycle Simulation ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Enriched Uranium ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
Fuel Reprocessing

Nuclear scenario studies are performed to explore the impact of possible evolutions of nuclear fleets. The nuclear fuel cycle simulation tool COSI, developed by CEA, is used to model these dynamic scenarios and to evaluate them with respect to uranium and plutonium management, fuel reprocessing and waste production. In recent years, scenarios have focused on transitions from the current nuclear French fleet to a deployment of SFR. However, the French Multi-annual Energy Planning has recently postponed the deployment of this technology to the second half of the 21st century. Alternative solutions of plutonium management in PWR are investigated to stabilize total inventories of spent nuclear fuels. The MIX concept is based on homogeneous fuel assemblies where fuel rods are composed of plutonium blended with enriched uranium. In this study, a transition from the current French fleet to an EPR™ fleet is simulated. Two power capacities of the future EPR™ fleet are considered. A progressive deployment of fuel multi-recycling in the EPR™ fleet is implemented to enable stabilization of all spent fuels and plutonium inventories. Natural uranium consumption is also minimized thanks to ERU fuel batches in EPR™. Results are compared with plutonium and uranium mono-recycling in a PWR fleet.

scholarly journals A framework for regional smart energy planning using volunteered geographic information

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 179-193
Author(s):  
Javier Valdes ◽  
Sebastian Wöllmann ◽  
Andreas Weber ◽  
Grégoire Klaus ◽  
Christina Sigl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Model ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Volunteered Geographic Information ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Optimization And Simulation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. This study presents a framework for regional smart energy planning for the optimal location and sizing of small hybrid systems. By using an optimization model – in combination with weather data – various local energy systems are simulated using the Calliope and PyPSA energy system simulation tools. The optimization and simulation models are fed with GIS data from different volunteered geographic information projects, including OpenStreetMap. These allow automatic allocation of specific demand profiles to diverse OpenStreetMap building categories. Moreover, based on the characteristics of the OpenStreetMap data, a set of possible distributed energy resources, including renewables and fossil-fueled generators, is defined for each building category. The optimization model can be applied for a set of scenarios based on different assumptions on electricity prices and technologies. Moreover, to assess the impact of the scenarios on the current distribution infrastructure, a simulation model of the low- and medium-voltage network is conducted. Finally, to facilitate their dissemination, the results of the simulation are stored in a PostgreSQL database, before they are delivered by a RESTful Laravel Server and displayed in an angular web application.

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

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