A Meta-analysis of the Effectiveness of Mass-Communication for Changing Substance-use Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior

2001 ◽  
pp. 231-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Derzon ◽  
Mark W. Lipsey
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Predicting Prison Misconducts

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL GENDREAU ◽  
CLAIRE E. GOGGIN ◽  
MOIRA A. LAW
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Criminal History ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Situational Variables ◽  
Antisocial Attitudes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

A meta-analysis was conducted on 39 studies that generated 695 correlations with prison misconducts. Predictors of prison misconducts were grouped into 16 domains as follows: (a) personal characteristics ( n = 9), (b) situational factors ( n = 3), and (c) actuarial measures of antisocial personality and risk ( n = 4). Personal and situational variables were similar in their ability to predict prison misconduct. Within these two categories, antisocial attitudes and behavior (e.g., companions, prison adjustment), criminal history, and institutional factors were the strongest predictors. Among actuarial measures, an interview-based risk protocol produced the highest correlations with prison misconducts. The prediction of violent misconducts was associated with greater effect sizes than nonviolent misconducts. Despite the limitations of the database, several recommendations for assessing prison misconducts appear warranted.

Changes in Young People's Sexual Behavior and Attitudes, 1943–1999: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooke E. Wells ◽  
Jean M. Twenge
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Sexual Attitudes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Over Time

A cross-temporal meta-analysis of 530 studies ( N = 269,649) showed that young people's sexual attitudes and behavior changed substantially between 1943 and 1999, with the largest shifts occurring among girls and young women. Both young men and women became more sexually active over time, as measured by age at first intercourse (decreasing from 19 to 15 years among young women) and percentage sexually active (increasing from 13% to 47% among young women). Attitudes toward premarital intercourse became more lenient, with approval increasing from 12% to 73% among young women and from 40% to 79% among young men. Feelings of sexual guilt decreased. The correlation between attitudes and behaviors was stronger among young women. These data support theories positing that culture has a larger effect on women's sexuality.

scholarly journals KEKUATAN MEDIA SOSIAL DALAM KEMENANGAN POLITIK

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Andi Ardiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
Cognitive Knowledge ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

It is argued that media have great impact on human beings. Mass communication was able to persuade the public from cognitive (knowledge) and affective aspects (emotional and feeling) to changes in behavior. These effects are related to each other. This is due to the fact that when people receive messages, they do not immediately accept it, but the messages are filtered with careful consideration. And there are still personal and social factors which determine the extent to which mass media have impacts on changes in human attitudes and behavior. Indeed, humans live in a world that is filled with a variety of needs and interests, in which the  media has a  big role. The people’s  actions may not directly result from the influence of the media. However, it cannot be denied that the global community will increasingly depend on the media.

Which Behaviors Do Attitudes Predict? Meta-Analyzing the Effects of Social Pressure and Perceived Difficulty

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Wallace ◽  
René M. Paulson ◽  
Charles G. Lord ◽  
Charles F. Bond
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Social Pressure ◽  
Perceived Difficulty ◽  
Theoretical Hypothesis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Attitude Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

A meta-analysis of 797 studies and 1,001 effect sizes tested a theoretical hypothesis that situational constraints, such as perceived social pressure and perceived difficulty, weaken the relationship between attitudes and behavior. This hypothesis was confirmed for attitudes toward performing behaviors and for attitudes toward issues and social groups. Meta-analytic estimates of attitude-behavior correlations served to quantify these moderating effects. The present results indicated that the mean attitude-behavior correlation was .41 when people experienced a mean level of social pressure to perform a behavior of mean difficulty. The mean correlation was .30 when people experienced social pressure 1 standard deviation above the mean to perform a behavior that was 1 standard deviation more difficult than the mean. The results suggest a need for increased attention to the “behavior” side of the attitude-behavior equation. Attitudes predict some behaviors better than others.

Das Elaboration-Likelihood-Modell

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Klimmt ◽  
Magdalena Rosset
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood Model ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
Likelihood Model ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

How do advertising and other attempts to influence affect opinions, attitudes, and behavior? The question “how persuasion works” is of still increasing importance for corporations and social science alike. The Elaboration Likelihood Model is one of the most prominent and most frequently cited models of persuasion. The book, which is now in its second revised edition, introduces the main features of Petty and Cacioppo’s model in an easy-to-read and comprehensible manner. Particular attention is paid to the perspectives of communication science and advertising practice: What is the use of the ELM for marketing communication and its investigation? The book presents the seven fundamental postulates of the ELM, followed by its references to mass communication, particularly advertising. Further chapters are dedicated to the experimental methodology of persuasion research, criticism of the model, and alternative persuasion models.

Using Binding Communication to Promote Conservation Among Hotel Guests

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lohyd Terrier ◽  
Benedicte Marfaing
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Classical Communication ◽  
Persuasive Message ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This research applies the binding communication model to the sustainable communication strategies implemented in most hotels. The binding communication model links a persuasive message with the implementation of a low-cost commitment to strengthen the link between the attitudes and behavior of those receiving the message. We compared the effectiveness of a classical communication strategy (n = 86) with that of a binding communication strategy (n = 101) to encourage guests to choose sustainable behavior. Our results show that using the binding communication strategy generates significantly more sustainable behavior in guests than using the classical communication strategy. We discuss our results and suggest future avenues of research.

Risk Attitudes and Behavior Among Norwegian Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Iversen ◽  
Torbjørn Rundmo ◽  
Hroar Klempe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Risk Attitudes ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
The Core ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Abstract. The core aim of the present study is to compare the effects of a safety campaign and a behavior modification program on traffic safety. As is the case in community-based health promotion, the present study's approach of the attitude campaign was based on active participation of the group of recipients. One of the reasons why many attitude campaigns conducted previously have failed may be that they have been society-based public health programs. Both the interventions were carried out simultaneously among students aged 18-19 years in two Norwegian high schools (n = 342). At the first high school the intervention was behavior modification, at the second school a community-based attitude campaign was carried out. Baseline and posttest data on attitudes toward traffic safety and self-reported risk behavior were collected. The results showed that there was a significant total effect of the interventions although the effect depended on the type of intervention. There were significant differences in attitude and behavior only in the sample where the attitude campaign was carried out and no significant changes were found in the group of recipients of behavior modification.

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