scholarly journals The fine structure of the dynamics of seismicity before earthquakes in the area of Reggio Emilia (Northern Italy)

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Di Giovambattista ◽  
Y. Tyupki
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Earthquake Catalogue ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Seismic Quiescence ◽  
Negative Anomaly ◽  
Moderate Size ◽  
Prognostic Parameter ◽  
One Year

We present the results of studies of seismicity in the Reggio Emilia area (Northern Italy). The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica instrumental earthquake catalogue (1975-1996) reported about three moderate-size earthquakes with M ³ 4.5 that occurred in this area (November 1983, May 1987, October 1996). The RTL prognostic parameter proposed by Sobolev and Tyupkin (1996a) was used for analysis. This parameter is designed in such a way that a seismic quiescence produces negative anomaly of the RTL parameter in comparison to its perennial background level and an activation of seismicity initiates the growth of its value. The RTL prognostic parameter indicates that all three earthquakes are preceded by activation of the seismicity. The interval between the commencement of the activation identified by RTL parameter and the event itself was about one year for the 1987 and 1996 earthquakes, and about three months for the 1983 earthquake.

The Invasion of Plague in Early Modern Italy

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-50
Author(s):  
John Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Health Board ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Physical Barrier ◽  
The North ◽  
Early Modern Italy ◽  
The Dead

This chapter discusses the origins and spread of plague in northern Italy. Plague arrived in Italy in 1629 with French and German troops. It is no accident that the initial cases of plague identified in October of 1629 were first in Piedmont in the Val di Susa, west of Turin and near the border with France, and secondly in the Valtellina in Lombardy, subsequently travelling to Lake Como to the north of Milan. Other cities in northern Italy soon became infected and on May 6, 1630, the authorities as far south as Bologna announced the official outbreak of plague. Judging by the rapidity with which plague spread between these northern urban centres, one would have expected the epidemic to have arrived in Tuscany by early May, given that Bologna is only 65 miles north of Florence, but it was delayed by both natural and man-made factors. Tuscany is separated from Reggio-Emilia by the Apennine mountain range, which provided a physical barrier and facilitated the control of traffic coming from the north. The chapter then traces the preventive measures adopted by the health board as the plague approached Tuscany, including cordons sanitaires along frontiers, the removal of the sick to quarantine centres, and the rapid burial of the dead.

REGGIO EMILIA in northern Italy

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
Professor Helen Penn
Keyword(s):  
Northern Italy ◽  
Reggio Emilia

scholarly journals Epidemiology and clinical course of Behçet's disease in the Reggio Emilia area of Northern Italy: A seventeen-year population-based study

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Salvarani ◽  
Nicolò Pipitone ◽  
Maria Grazia Catanoso ◽  
Luca Cimino ◽  
Bruno Tumiati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behçet’S Disease ◽  
Behcet’S Disease ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Behçet's Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Behcet's Disease

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology of non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the central Alpine province of Bolzano, northern Italy from April 2016 to March 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Aschbacher ◽  
Francesca Romagnoli ◽  
Elisa Masi ◽  
Valentina Pasquetto ◽  
Franco Perino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Ureaplasma Parvum ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Ureaplasma parvum, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis and Mycoplasma genitalium are established or presumed as (??) STI pathogens. The present study aims  at ng describing the one-year molecular epidemiology of these seven pathogens in the Province of Bolzano, Northern Italy. From April 2016 to March 2017, a total of  2,949 patients, mainly females, were enrolled and 3,427 urine, vaginal, endocervical and/or urethral samples were subjected to simultaneous analysis of the seven pathogens by means of Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (AnyplexTM II STI-7 Detection Kit Seegene, Seoul, Korea). At least one of the seven microorganisms was detected in 40.7% of patients, with an uneven distribution: 43.1% in females (F) and 29.8% (p<0.001) in males (M). The prevalence of microorganisms was as follows: 30.3% U. parvum (F: 35.6%, M: 8.3%), 6.9% U. urealyticum (F: 6.8%, M: 7.0%), 4.9% M. hominis (F: 5.4%, M: 2.3%), 4.9% C. trachomatis (F: 3.4%, M: 11.4%), 1.1% M. genitalium (F: 1.0%, M: 1.2%), 1.2% N. gonorrhoeae (F: 0.17%, M: 5.6%) and 0.40% T. vaginalis (F: 0.38%, M: 0.53%). Mixed infections were detected in 7.4% of patients. The highest prevalence was observed for U. parvum, followed by U. urealyticum and M. hominis and a significant  presence of multi-pathogen infections was registered.

A Randomized Trial on Breast Self-Examination in Faenza (Northern-Italy)

1996 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Ferro ◽  
Annalisa Caroli ◽  
Oriana Nanni ◽  
Annibale Biggeri ◽  
Angelo Gambi
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Self Examination ◽  
Practical Session ◽  
One Year ◽  
Self Examination

Aims and background The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to compare two methods for teaching breast self-examination: theoretical and practical session versus mailed material. Methods A random sample of women aged 20-64 years was drawn from the demographic file of the city of Faenza (Northern-Italy). Of 825 sampled eligible women, 168 declined participation, 657 were randomly assigned, after completing a pretest questionnaire aimed at evaluating practice and quality of breast self-examination. Individualised instruction was administered to the treatment group invited to be taught breast self-examination in a medical practice setting. The control group received mailed information about breast self-examination. One year later, 443 women completed the posttest questionnaire. Results As far as concerns the first outcome of the trial (change in practice of breast-self examination) our study showed, after adjusting for lost-to-follow-up, no difference between the treatment and the control group. The analysis performed to evaluate the second outcome (change in quality of breast self-examination practice) showed that women of the treatment group improved the quality of breast self-examination practice more than the control group (Wilcoxon test, z=2.4, P<0.01). The same results have been confirmed by multiple regression analyses taking into account all potential confoun-ders. No selection bias affected these results. Conclusion Theoretical and practical sessions resulted in an improved quality of examination technique than did mailed material.

scholarly journals Psychological Support to the Community During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Field Experience in Reggio Emilia, Northern Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiorello Ghiretti ◽  
Gabriela Gildoni ◽  
Gaddo Maria Grassi ◽  
Laura Torricelli ◽  
Elena Benassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experience ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Psychological Support

scholarly journals Direct Economic Losses in the Northridge Earthquake: A Three-Year Post-Event Perspective

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald T. Eguchi ◽  
James D. Goltz ◽  
Craig E. Taylor ◽  
Stephanie E. Chang ◽  
Paul J. Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Northridge Earthquake ◽  
Full Cost ◽  
Moderate Size ◽  
Similar Information ◽  
Final Estimate ◽  
One Year ◽  
The U.S

The Northridge earthquake will long be remembered for the unprecedented losses incurred as a result of a moderate-size event in a suburban area of Los Angeles. Current documented costs indicate that this event is the costliest disaster in U.S. history. Although it is difficult to estimate the full cost of this event, it is quite possible that total losses, excluding indirect effects, could reach as much as $40 billion. This would make the Northridge earthquake less severe than the Kobe event, which occurred exactly one year after the Northridge earthquake, but adds a bit of realism that a Kobe-type disaster is possible in the U.S. This paper attempts to put into perspective the direct capital losses associated with the Northridge earthquake. In doing so, we introduce the concept of hidden and/or undocumented costs that could double current estimates. In addition, we present the notion that a final estimate of loss may be impossible to achieve, although costs do begin to level off two years after the earthquake. Finally, we attempt to reconcile apparent differences between loss totals for two databases tracking similar information.

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