scholarly journals A Study on the Usability of Open Spatial Data for Road Network-Based Analysis – Using Openstreetmap as an Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Piotr Cichociński
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Vector Data ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Systematic Development ◽  
Central Database ◽  
Gis Software ◽  
Made In

For several years GIS software users could use for any purpose a dataset being to some extent an alternative to both products offered by commercial providers and official databases. It is OpenStreetMap (OSM for short) – a worldwide spatial dataset, created and edited by interested individuals and available for use by anyone with no limitations. It is built on the basis of data recorded with consumer grade GPS receivers, obtained through vectorization of aerial photographs and from other usable sources, including even sketches made in the field. The collected information is stored in a central database, the content of which is not only presented on the website as a digital map, but also offered for download as vector data. Such data can be used for, among other things, performing various analyses based on road networks, of which the most frequently used is the function of determining the optimal route connecting selected locations. The results of such analyses can only be considered reliable if the data used are of adequate quality. As the OSM database is built by enthusiasts, no plans for its systematic development are formulated and there are no built-in quality control mechanisms. Therefore, the paper proposes methods and tools to verify the usefulness of the data collected so far, as well as to correct detected errors. It focuses on the following categories of geographic data quality: location accuracy, topological consistency and temporal validity. In addition, a problem with determining the length of individual road network segments was noticed, related to data acquisition methods and ways of recording the shape of lines. Therefore, in order to carry out the so-called route calibration, it was suggested to use kilometer and hectometer posts used in transportation networks, the locations of which are successively added to the OSM database. BADANIE UŻYTECZNOŚCI OTWARTYCH DANYCH PRZESTRZENNYCH DO ANALIZ OPARTYCH NA SIECIACH DROGOWYCH – NA PRZYKŁADZIE OPENSTREETMAP Od kilkunastu już lat użytkownicy oprogramowania GIS mogą używać do dowolnych celów zbioru danych będącego do pewnego stopnia alternatywą zarówno dla produktów oferowanych przez dostawców komercyjnych, jak i urzędowych baz danych. Jest nim OpenStreetMap (w skrócie OSM) – obejmujący cały świat zbiór danych przestrzennych, tworzony i edytowany przez zainteresowane osoby i dostępny do stosowania przez każdego chętnego bez żadnych ograniczeń. Budowany jest na podstawie danych rejestrowanych turystycznymi odbiornikami GPS, pozyskiwanych poprzez wektoryzację zdjęć lotniczych oraz pochodzących z innych nadających się do wykorzystania źródeł, w tym nawet szkiców wykonywanych w terenie. Zgromadzona GEOINFORMATICA POLONICA 20: 2021 DOI 10.4467/21995923GP.21.007.14978 informacja zapisywana jest w centralnej bazie danych, której zawartość jest nie tylko prezentowana na stronie internetowej w postaci cyfrowej mapy, lecz również oferowana do pobrania jako dane wektorowe. Takie dane mogą mieć zastosowanie między innymi do przeprowadzania różnorodnych analiz bazujących na sieciach drogowych, z których najczęściej wykorzystywana jest funkcja wyznaczania optymalnej trasy łączącej wybrane lokalizacje. Wyniki takich analiz można uznać za wiarygodne tylko wtedy, gdy użyte w nich dane będą się charakteryzować odpowiednią jakością. Ponieważ baza danych OSM budowana jest przez pasjonatów, nie są formułowane żadne plany jej systematycznego rozwoju oraz brak jest wbudowanych mechanizmów kontroli jakości. Dlatego w artykule zaproponowano metody i narzędzia, które pozwolą na weryfikację przydatności zgromadzonych do tej pory danych, jak również na poprawę wykrytych błędów. Skupiono się na następujących kategoriach jakości danych geograficznych: dokładności położenia, spójności topologicznej oraz ważności czasowej. Dodatkowo dostrzeżono problem z wyznaczaniem długości poszczególnych obiektów sieci drogowej, związany z metodami pozyskiwania danych i sposobami rejestracji kształtu linii. W związku z tym do przeprowadzenia tak zwanej kalibracji trasy zasugerowano użycie stosowanych w sieciach transportowych słupków kilometrowych i hektometrowych, których lokalizacje są sukcesywnie wprowadzane do bazy danych OSM.

scholarly journals SEMI AUTOMATED LAND COVER LAYER UPDATING PROCESS UTILIZING SPECTRAL ANALYSIS AND GIS DATA FUSION

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3 ◽  
pp. 229-234
Author(s):  
L. Cohen ◽  
E. Keinan ◽  
M. Yaniv ◽  
Y. Tal ◽  
A. Felus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Advanced Practice ◽  
Vector Data ◽  
Gis Data ◽  
Editorial Work ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Made In

Technological improvements made in recent years of mass data gathering and analyzing, influenced the traditional methods of updating and forming of the national topographic database. It has brought a significant increase in the number of use cases and detailed geo information demands. Processes which its purpose is to alternate traditional data collection methods developed in many National Mapping and Cadaster Agencies. There has been significant progress in semi-automated methodologies aiming to facilitate updating of a topographic national geodatabase. Implementation of those is expected to allow a considerable reduction of updating costs and operation times. Our previous activity has focused on building automatic extraction (Keinan, Zilberstein et al, 2015). Before semiautomatic updating method, it was common that interpreter identification has to be as detailed as possible to hold most reliable database eventually. When using semi-automatic updating methodologies, the ability to insert human insights based knowledge is limited. Therefore, our motivations were to reduce the created gap by allowing end-users to add their data inputs to the basic geometric database. In this article, we will present a simple Land cover database updating method which combines insights extracted from the analyzed image, and a given spatial data of vector layers. The main stages of the advanced practice are multispectral image segmentation and supervised classification together with given vector data geometric fusion while maintaining the principle of low shape editorial work to be done. All coding was done utilizing open source software components.

scholarly journals A Survey on Spatio-temporal Data Analytics Systems

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mahbub Alam ◽  
Luis Torgo ◽  
Albert Bifet
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Temporal Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Gis Software

Due to the surge of spatio-temporal data volume, the popularity of location-based services and applications, and the importance of extracted knowledge from spatio-temporal data to solve a wide range of real-world problems, a plethora of research and development work has been done in the area of spatial and spatio-temporal data analytics in the past decade. The main goal of existing works was to develop algorithms and technologies to capture, store, manage, analyze, and visualize spatial or spatio-temporal data. The researchers have contributed either by adding spatio-temporal support with existing systems, by developing a new system from scratch, or by implementing algorithms for processing spatio-temporal data. The existing ecosystem of spatial and spatio-temporal data analytics systems can be categorized into three groups, (1) spatial databases (SQL and NoSQL), (2) big spatial data processing infrastructures, and (3) programming languages and GIS software. Since existing surveys mostly investigated infrastructures for processing big spatial data, this survey has explored the whole ecosystem of spatial and spatio-temporal analytics. This survey also portrays the importance and future of spatial and spatio-temporal data analytics.

scholarly journals Hotspot analysis: a first prototype Python plugin enabling exploratory spatial data analysis into QGIS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Oxoli ◽  
Mayra A Zurbarán ◽  
Stanly Shaji ◽  
Arun K Muthusamy
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Software Environment ◽  
Hotspot Analysis ◽  
Computational Procedures ◽  
Gis Software

The growing popularity of Free and Open Source (FOSS) GIS software is without doubts due to the possibility to build and customize geospatial applications to meet specific requirements for any users. From this point of view, QGIS is one of the most flexible as well as fashionable GIS software environment which enables users to develop powerful geospatial applications using Python. Exploiting this feature, we present here a first prototype plugin for QGIS dedicated to Hotspot analysis, one of the techniques included in the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA). These statistics aim to perform analysis of geospatial data when spatial autocorrelation is not neglectable and they are available inside different Python libraries, but still not integrated within the QGIS core functionalities. The main plugin features, including installation requirements and computational procedures, are described together with an example of the possible applications of the Hotspot analysis.

The prediction of reservoir production based proxy model considering spatial data and vector data

2021 ◽  
pp. 109694
Author(s):  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Xiaoya Wang ◽  
Xiaopeng Ma ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Yongfei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Vector Data ◽  
Proxy Model

Identifying Potential Zones of Crime Commitment against Tourists in a Park: Conceptual and Logical Spatial Data Modeling

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
Mozhdeh Shahbazi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Data Modeling ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Crime Mapping ◽  
Spatial Point ◽  
Suitability Maps ◽  
Gis Software

Location is considered as an important element in studying tourism security. Therefore, mapping crime hotspots has recently been an interesting research topic in tourism development. In order to identify crime patterns and hotspots, it is essential to create a database containing the required spatial data. It should also be integrated with additional qualitative/quantitative attributes affecting criminal actions. Designing a geographic information system (GIS) can be considered as the most efficient way to deal with this problem considering the complex nature of tourism security. This paper presents the theoretical scheme of spatial data modeling with the purpose of indentifying potential crime zones within a developed park. From the spatial point of view, the factors and the constraints, which make a location vulnerable, are defined. The entities are identified by their attributes and characterized by their relationships. Finally, the conceptual and the logical models to create the crime suitability maps are generated. The models provided in this paper are designed in an explicit way; therefore, they can be easily modified or generalized for any specific case study. The presented data modeling procedure can be applied to generate essential databases for crime mapping via any GIS software.

The Hsp90 molecular chaperone: an open and shut case for treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 410 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence H. Pearl ◽  
Chrisostomos Prodromou ◽  
Paul Workman
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Chaperone ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Accessory Proteins ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
N Terminus ◽  
Client Proteins ◽  
Atp Binding And Hydrolysis ◽  
Made In

The molecular chaperone Hsp90 (90 kDa heat-shock protein) is a remarkably versatile protein involved in the stress response and in normal homoeostatic control mechanisms. It interacts with ‘client proteins’, including protein kinases, transcription factors and others, and either facilitates their stabilization and activation or directs them for proteasomal degradation. By this means, Hsp90 displays a multifaceted ability to influence signal transduction, chromatin remodelling and epigenetic regulation, development and morphological evolution. Hsp90 operates as a dimer in a conformational cycle driven by ATP binding and hydrolysis at the N-terminus. The cycle is also regulated by a group of co-chaperones and accessory proteins. Here we review the biology of the Hsp90 molecular chaperone, emphasizing recent progress in our understanding of structure–function relationships and the identification of new client proteins. In addition we describe the exciting progress that has been made in the development of Hsp90 inhibitors, which are now showing promise in the clinic for cancer treatment. We also identify the gaps in our current understanding and highlight important topics for future research.

scholarly journals Shared Bimanual Tasks Elicit Bimanual Reflexes During Movement

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 3142-3155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratik K. Mutha ◽  
Robert L. Sainburg
Keyword(s):  
Hand Position ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Reactive Control ◽  
Reflex Responses ◽  
Task Goal ◽  
Bimanual Movements ◽  
The Right ◽  
Made In ◽  
Bimanual Tasks

Previous research has suggested distinct predictive and reactive control mechanisms for bimanual movements compared with unimanual motion. Recent studies have extended these findings by demonstrating that movement corrections during bimanual movements might differ depending on whether or not the task is shared between the arms. We hypothesized that corrective responses during shared bimanual tasks recruit bilateral rapid feedback mechanisms such as reflexes. We tested this hypothesis by perturbing one arm as subjects performed uni- and bimanual movements. Movements were made in a virtual-reality environment in which hand position was displayed as a cursor on a screen. During bimanual motion, we provided cursor feedback either independently for each arm (independent-cursor) or such that one cursor was placed at the average location between the arms (shared-cursor). On random trials, we applied a 40 N force pulse to the right arm 100 ms after movement onset. Our results show that while reflex responses were rapidly elicited in the perturbed arm, electromyographic activity remained close to baseline levels in the unperturbed arm during the independent-cursor trials. In contrast, when the cursor was shared between the arms, reflex responses were reduced in the perturbed arm and were rapidly elicited in the unperturbed arm. Our results thus suggest that when both arms contribute to achieving the task goal, reflex responses are bilaterally elicited in response to unilateral perturbations. These results agree with and extend recent suggestions that bimanual feedback control might be modified depending on task context.

scholarly journals Design of forest road network in relation to all-society functions of forests

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
M. Kašková
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Management Development ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Forest Road ◽  
Road Planning ◽  
Forest Road Construction ◽  
Made In

The basic condition of forest management development is the accessibility of the forest. A design of the forest road network in relation to all-society functions of forests has been made in the catchment of the Vilčok stream. The catchment is situated in Protected Landscape Area Beskydy. The method Quantification and quantitative evaluation of functions of forests as a basis for their evaluation (Vyskot et al. 2003) was used for the design. This method can be applied to road planning. It can serve as another component in the decision-making process of the planning of forest road construction.

User Preference Based Spatial Skyline Query Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 832-838
Author(s):  
Yong Gui Zou ◽  
Zhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Road Network ◽  
User Preference ◽  
Skyline Query ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Processing Data ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Query Algorithm

With the increasing of data volume and data dimensions in road network query, the response gets slow in searching services, which cannot satisfy users demand for preference-based searching. This paper proposes a user preference-based Skyline query algorithm. At the first stage, this method is based on the fact that the static property of data does not change during the query processes. Therefore, Skyline starts its calculation in the non-spatial data set to have the candidate results and dominance relation. Then it calculates the total costs of routine by defining user preference function. At the second stage, compare the data connections with the total costs of preference to minimize time for processing data and searching. The experiment result shows that the definition of user preference meets the users demand, and Skyline query algorithm benefits to have quick response.

SHARING OF GIS SPATIAL DATA IN TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (7-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Zulkifli Mohd Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Engineering Problem ◽  
Transportation Engineering ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Gis Software

Geographic Information System (GIS) is classified as an information technology to solve various spatial problems in civil engineering. GIS provides spatial information to the system and therefore, complex spatial analysis of problem could be carried out. The objective of this paper is to promote the use of GIS as a tool for civil engineering problem solving. This paper describes the work undertaken to demonstrate the potential use of GIS in civil engineering via a prototype project. The presentation of this article is mainly focused on the applications of GIS in transportation engineering including transportation, highway and traffic. Moreover, this study could also contribute relevant and benefit guidance to the public and private sectors with techniques in determining potential activity using the GIS software. The utilisation of GIS can prepare and contributes towards a profitable cost and effective service. The end product should be an effective information system and a final potential GIS map. With GIS support, it could assist user to make a more effective and efficient decision on any difficulties that will arise. Compared to the conventional methods, the system provides a proper and an effective, update and accessible result of spatial analysis.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document