Optimization of nutrients requirements for bioremediation of spent-engine oil contaminated soils

The research aimed to investigate the bioremediation of spent engine oil on selected contaminated soils within Ilorin metropolis. To achieve this, soil samples were collected from three (3) mechanic workshops along Taiwo axis within the metropolis. The soil samples were then subjected to bioremediation using the land-farming approach. The physicochemical parameters of the soil samples before and after bioremediation were analyzed using standard methods. Bacteria were isolated using standard procedures and identified using biochemical tests and molecular methods. Results for the physicochemical parameters of the soil samples before bioremediation include particle size (all sandy in nature); pH (6.00 ± 0.14 - 6.20 ± 0.14); Organic carbon (14.65 ± 3.20 - 17.54 ± 1.87), Organic matter (33.50 ± 0.85 - 43.45 ± 9.12) and heavy metals (ND - 11.74 ± 0.07). Values after bioremediation for pH, organic carbon, organic matter and heavy metals were 8.25 ± 0.07 - 8.90 ± 0.14, 13.07 ± 0.05 - 13.25 ± 0.84, 37.25 ± 1.06 - 44.80 ± 1.13, ND - 9.40 ± 0.04 respectively. Values for bacterial count before and after bioremediation of the soil samples were 8.00 1.41 - 67.50 ± 2.12 x 105 CFU/mL and 6.50 ± 2.12 - 164.00 ± 11.31 x 105 CFU/mL respectively. Bacterial isolates were identified as Pseudomonas sp., Enterobacter sp., Acinetobacter sp., and Bacillus sp. while the hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria were identified as Thalassospira mesophila strain JCM 18969; Pseudomonas fluorescens F113; Siccibacter turicensis LMG 23730; Pseudomonas Zeshuii strain KACC 15471; Pseudomonas stutzeri strain CGMCC 1.1803 and Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus strain ATCC 49840. In conclusion, the bacteria isolates effectively bioremediated the spent engine oil contaminated soils with a reduction of hydrocarbon pollutants.

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Gravimetric Profile of Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacterial and Fungal Isolates from Contaminated Soil Samples in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

ABUAD International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences ◽

10.53982/aijnas.2021.0101.02-j ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Olayinka O. Idris ◽

◽

Olayinka T. Ogunmefun ◽

Cinderella N. Tuesimi

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Water Retention Capacity ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Fungal Isolates ◽

Degrading Bacteria ◽

Spent Engine Oil

One of the biological compounds limiting soil water retention capacity is oil when present due to its hydro-nature. However, some microorganisms exhibit the capacity to degrade oil as a source of carbon, whereby the soil quality is retained and enhanced. Hence, the gravimetric profile of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria and fungi isolated from oil contaminated soil samples was investigated. Soil samples were collected from surface and 10m depth from six different mechanic workshops and generator sites. The pour plate technique was used to isolate the microorganisms. All pure isolates were sub-cultured using Bushnell Haas agar and the isolated bacteria were identified by their morphological and biochemical characteristics. The soil samples pH range was 4.3 - 6.4. Bacteria isolated included Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp., Microccocus spp., Acinetobacter spp., and Bacillus spp. The fungi isolated included Aspergillus spp., Rhizopus spp., Candida spp., Trichoderma spp. and Penicillium spp. Degradation of kerosene, diesel, crude oil, engine oil, and spent engine oil was allowed using Acinetobacter baumanni, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis, and S. aureus. Gravimetric analyses were used to determine the percentage of petroleum hydrocarbon degraded by bacterial isolates. The highest percentage of degradation was between P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa degraded 97.4% diesel, 88.2% kerosene, 71.3% crude oil, 80.7% engine oil and 78.2% spent engine oil; while Bacillus subtilis degraded 71% diesel, 97% kerosene, 89.6% crude oil, 87% engine oil and 72.6% spent engine oil. This study revealed that bacterial and fungal isolates from oil contaminated soils exhibited the potentials to degrade oil and bioremediation using these microorganisms was possible.

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Yield and quality of maize from spent engine oil contaminated soils amended with compost under screenhouse conditions

Journal of Agrobiology ◽

10.2478/agro-2013-0002 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 9-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Moses Bamidele Adewole ◽

Adejumoke Oluwatoyin Aboyeji

Keyword(s):

Contaminated Soils ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Uptake Rates ◽

Spent Engine Oil

Abstract The study investigated the effects of poultry manure compost (PMC) on the growth performance and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) when cultivated on spent engine oil (SEO) contaminated soil with a view to assessing its nutritional composition. The experiment consisted of three SEO treatments (0%, 1% and 2% w/w) with six levels (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 t ha-1) of PMC applications. Each treatment was replicated thrice and arranged in a 3 × 6 × 3 factorial completely randomized design to give a total of 54 pots. At full physiological maturity, maize grains were harvested and threshed manually for analysis. As the bioavailability of metals increased with increasing PMC, their uptake by maize plants was enhanced. The soil amended with 10 t ha-1 and contaminated with 1% SEO recorded the highest uptake rates of 1.761 × 10-2, 2.345 × 10-2 and 4.285 × 10-2 day-1 for Fe, Cu and Pb respectively. Also, the significantly (P<0.05) highest yield of maize (5.8 t ha-1) and the highest nutritional values of crude protein (11.27 g 100 g-1) and crude fibre (2.71 g 100 g-1) were obtained with zero SEO soil contamination at 10 t ha-1 PMC applications. There was evidence of yield and nutritional quality reduction of maize when cultivated on SEO contaminated soils with or without poultry compost fertilization

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Enhanced Biodegradation of Spent Engine Oil Contaminated Soil Using Organic Wastes

Applied Environmental Research ◽

10.35762/aer.2016.38.3.3 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 27-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tolulope M. Obuotor ◽

Abdulwasiu O. Sakariyau ◽

Babatunde S. Bada

Keyword(s):

Contaminated Soil ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Burkholderia Cepacia ◽

Micrococcus Luteus ◽

Bacterial Count ◽

Organic Wastes ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Spent Engine Oil

Physical and chemical methods of remediating contaminated soils are less environment-friendly compared to the biodegradation method. This study investigated the ability of selected organic wastes to enhance biodegradation of Spent Engine Oil (SEO) contaminated soil. One kilogram of uncontaminated soil was thoroughly mixed with 10% (w/v) SEO in seven treatments with two replicates. Spent Fruit Residues (SFR), Cassava Peel (CP) and a combination of Bean Husk and Chromolaena odorata(BHC) were added at 10% and20% (w/w), with an untreated control. Total Heterotrophic Bacterial Count (THBC), Total Fungal Count (TFC), Total Hydro-carbon Degrading Bacterial Count (THDBC) and Total Hydrocarbon Degrading Fungal Count (THDFC) of the contaminated and uncontaminated soils were determined using standard micro-biological methods. Isolates were screened for SEO utilization using 2,6-dichlorophenol indo-phenol indicator. Hydrocarbon contents of the soils were determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. The THBC ranged from 1.3x106to 2.9x106CFU g-1, TFC ranged from 5.4x104to 2.0x105CFUg-1, THDBC ranged from 0.5x103to 1.9x104CFUg-1while THDFC ranged from 2.0x103to 1.0x104CFUg-1. The isolated bacteria were Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus spp., Klebsiella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Burkholderia cepacia, Micrococcus luteus, Providencia rettgeri, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus bovisand Enterobacter cloacaewhile the isolated fungi were Candida spp., Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisae, Penicillium chrysogenumand Trichophyton sp. Pseudomonas aeruginosaand Aspergillus nigerutilized the oil better than other isolates with absorbance of 0.26 and 0.49 at 600 nm, respectively. The GC-MS revealed that SFR 20% (w/w) treatment had the highest percentage degradation of 70.5%. This study confirms that spent fruit residues can enhance biodegradation of spent engine oil contaminated soil.

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Bioremediation of Spent Engine Oil Contaminated Soils Using Indigenous Fungi Species

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology ◽

10.32628/ijsrst207156 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 445-461

Author(s):

Laurelta Tudararao-Aherobo ◽

Solomon Mesogboriwon

Keyword(s):

Contaminated Soils ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Lubricating Oil ◽

Test Duration ◽

Aspergillus Glaucus ◽

Talaromyces Flavus ◽

Short Period ◽

Spent Engine Oil ◽

Set Up

Spent engine oil is derived from lubricating oil which has been used to lubricate various internal combustion engines and it is drained out for disposal during servicing of the engine. Spent engine oil causes great damage to soil and soil microflora when disposed indiscriminately. Thus, the bioremediation of spent engine oil contaminated soil was studied using indigenous degrading fungi isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated soils obtained from automobile mechanic workshops located at both Okpe and Uvwie Local Government Areas of Delta State, in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Three (3) fungi isolates with high engine oil biodegradability potential were used for the spent engine oil (SEO) bioremediation study. The fungi isolates used for the test were identified as, Aspergillus glaucus, Trichoderma polysporum and Talaromyces flavususing the API 20C method. The test microcosms were incubated for four weeks at 28 ± 2oC. Physicochemical parameters such as, Sulphate concentrations, Total petroleum hydrocarbon, Nitrate concentrations, Phosphate concentrations, Total organic carbon content, pH and Hydrocarbon utilizing fungi counts were monitored weekly using standard ASTM methods to assess the biodegradation of the spent engine oil. At the end of the test duration, Talaromyces flavus recorded the highest percentage spent engine oil biodegradation (69.66%) for the 5% SEO experimental set up. Similarly, Aspergillus glaucus recorded the highest percentage SEO biodegradation (66.16%) for the 10% experimental set up. Thus, Talaromyces flavus and Aspergillus glaucus could be used to effectively bioaugment the bioremediation process of spent engine oil contaminated soils to restore the soil to its original state within a short period of time.

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Effect of organic amendments on the decontamination potential of heavy metals by Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus in soil contaminated with spent engine oil

Novel Research in Microbiology Journal ◽

10.21608/nrmj.2019.54352 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 471-484

Author(s):

Adeniyi Adeleye ◽

Mohammed B. Yerima ◽

Michael E. Nkereuwem ◽

Victor O. Onokebhagbe ◽

Peter G. Shiaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Spent Engine Oil

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Assessing the synergistic relationship of mycorrhiza and bacteria for the degradation of spent engine oil in maize grown soil

Bulletin of the National Research Centre ◽

10.1186/s42269-020-00293-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ayokunle Samuel Bolaji ◽

Mojeed Olaide Liasu ◽

Abiodun Ayanfemi Ayandele ◽

John Ayobami Amao

Keyword(s):

Engine Oil ◽

Spent Engine Oil ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Synergistic Relationship

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Uptake of Zn, Pb, Cu and Fe Ions from Spent and Unspent Engine Oil Using Termite Soil

International Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.5539/ijc.v9n3p85 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 85

Author(s):

Iwekumo Agbozu ◽

Bassey Uwem ◽

Boisa Ndokiari

Keyword(s):

Contact Time ◽

Diffusion Constant ◽

Reaction Rates ◽

Second Order ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Initial Reaction ◽

Kinetics Equation ◽

Spent Engine Oil ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Fe Ions

Removal of Zn, Pb, Cu and Fe ions from unspent and spent engine oil was studied using Termite soil. Process parameters such as contact time and adsorbent dosage were varied. Values from contact time were used for predicting kinetics equation of their uptake. At optimum time of 40 minutes, percentage adsorption was of the order Fe>Zn>Cu>Pb for both spent and unspent engine oil. Kinetics equation such as Elovich, Intra-particle, Pseudo-first order and Pseudo-second order were tested. Results obtained shows that their sequestering pattern fit into the pseudo-second order kinetics. Initial reaction rates, h (mg/g.min) and α (mg. g-1min-1) for all metal ions obtained from Pseudo-second order and Elovich kinetic models followed the trends Zn>Fe>Cu>Pb and Zn>Fe>Pb>Cu respectively in spent engine oil while for unspent engine oil, the trend was Fe>Zn>Cu>Pb for h (mg/g.min) and Zn>Fe>Pb>Cu for α (mg. g-1min-1). Electrostatic attraction existing on the surface of the adsorbent assisted in the high initial reaction of Zn and Fe ions, implying good affinity of the ions for the adsorbent. Desorption constant ᵦ (g/mg) was of the trend Cu>Pb>Fe>Zn and Cu>Pb>Zn>Fe for spent and unspent engine oils respectively. Intra-particle diffusion constant kid (mgg-1min-1/2) followed a similar pattern, revealing strong binding between Zn and termite soil than any of the metal ion. This pilot research has been able to suggest a kinetic process for uptake of the studied ions from spent and unspent engine oil.

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Phytoremediation of Spent Oil and Palm Kernel Sludge Contaminated Soil Using Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) L

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management ◽

10.4314/jasem.v25i5.30 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 877-885

Author(s):

A.J. Odebode ◽

K.L. Njoku ◽

A.A. Adesuyi ◽

M.O. Akinola

Keyword(s):

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Plant Height ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Palm Kernel Oil ◽

Kernel Oil ◽

Spent Engine Oil ◽

And Control

This study was carried out to investigate the phytotoxicity of spent engine oil and palm kernel sludge on seed germination, seedling early growth and survival of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) and its phytoremediating potential. 8.0 kg topsoil mixed with 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% (w/v) of spent engine oil and palm kernel sludge, while the control was not mixed with spent oil and sludge (0%). The seeds were sown on these soils and monitored daily. Parameters taken were; plant height, leaf number and stem girth. The result showed that spent engine oil treated plants adversely affected growth compared to palm kernel sludge plants and control which performed better. For plant height, the mean stem girth for control at 2nd week was 0.40±0.05 mm, spent engine oil was 5.96±0.97 palm kernel oil effluent was 14.73±1.16 and at 12th week, control was 1.30±0.05 while for SEO the plant had withered and 124.6±9.02 for POE. Number of leaves at the 12th week was 26.00±2.08 in the control, 8.66±0.66, for spent engine oil at 4%, while for palm oil effluent it was 27.66±0.66, at 4%, concentration respectively. Stem girth at 2 weeks for spent engine oil was 0.19±0.05 at 2%, 0.43±0.03 for palm kernel oil effluent and at the 12th week of planting at 10% concentration was 1.63±0.08 for palm kernel oil effluent, and all plants had withered off for spent engine oil at same concentration at the 12th week. Also, spent engine oil at all concentrations delayed the germination of Helianthus annuus by 2days compared to control. Comparison analysis test showed that growth in untreated plants were significantly higher (p>0.05) than spent oil and palm kernel sludge treated plants. Similar result was observed for leaf number and stem girth which had higher mean value in palm kernel sludge and control compared to spent oil. Sunflower grown in 8% and 10% palm kernel sludge contaminated soil also flowered eight days earlier than control plants, while spent oil treated plant did not. The result shows that sunflower cannot tolerate high (4%, 6%, 8% and 10%) concentrations of spent engine oil in soil compared to palm oil effluent. Therefore, spent engine oil should be properly disposed because of its adverse effect on the growth and yield of sunflower.

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