scholarly journals Research and analysis of imperfect competition in the Russian labor market and its projected development

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Kravtsevich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Imperfect Competition ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Quality Specifications

Introduction. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the spreading negative socio-economic phenomena of the Russian labor market, such as poverty of the working population, inequality in the income distribution, etc., intercept the reproduction of the labor force, reducing its quality and introducing undesirable structural changes. The reasons for the manifestation of negative socio-economic phenomena in the Russian labor market are based on the principles of imperfect competition in social and labor relations. Specifically, the social and labor relations of labor market subjects have no mutually beneficial basis and are most often aimed at satisfying the economic interests of the employers and infringing on the socio-economic interests of the employees, as well as the fact that the employees are required to have the manpower quality specifications that they lack or the employees have the manpower quality specifications that are not demanded by the employer, i.e. the labor market. The aim of the study is the quantitative assessment of the manifestation degree of imperfect competition in the Russian labor market with the possibility of predicting its spread to social and labor relations, with the subsequent development of conceptual solutions to regulate the imperfect competition in the Russian labor market. Materials and Methods. A set of methods of statistical and mathematical research is used for the purposes of this study. Mathematical modeling of imperfect competition is carried out by methods of probabilistic and vector analysis. The empirical study of imperfect competition is carried out by the method of statistical observation. Results. The result of mathematical modeling and statistical research of imperfect competition is the conclusion about the cyclical development of competition in the Russian labor market, where the cyclical change occurred in 2008 and 2016 and was largely determined by the general trend of the country's economic development and the ongoing crisis phenomena. Relatively sustainable development of competition is observed pertaining to a territorial feature, since there is almost no change in segment groups as a result of cyclical development of competition, which can be successfully interpreted as inertia (stagnation) in the development of competition. The set of measures taken by the state for the development of competitive processes in social and labor relations and regulation of the competitive environment in the Russian labor market is characterized by its insignificant impact on the segment structure and features of competitive processes and components of the competitive environment, as well as by the ineffectiveness of the implemented measures for government regulation. Discussion and Conclusion. The preservation and spread of the influence of the imperfect competitive processes and imperfect competitive conditions for the specified features and components are predicted in the Russian labor market. The use of quantitative indicators of imperfect competition is one of the methods for the performance evaluation of state regulation of imperfect competition in the Russian labor market.

MODERN ASPECTS OF LABOR MARKET REGULATION: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL CONTEXT

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-358
Author(s):  
Alexander SHVETS
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Labor Market Regulation

Introduction. The current trends in the development of socio-economic systems in a globalization dimension lead to an update of the labor market regulation system. In today's conditions in Ukraine, the expectations of the population to improve well-being and quality of life are linked to the exercise of the right to decent work. Reforming labor market regulation processes should ensure both the current internal needs of Ukrainian society and the realization of its European integration priorities. The purpose of the research is to develop modern principles of methodological basis of labor market regulation. Results. Current conditions of Ukrainian economy as a social and economic system have been defined as a crisis. The content of labor market regulation is considered. It is determined that the mechanism of the labor market regulation is a set of normative, legislative or collective agreements, which are guided by partners in the implementation of employment policy. The mechanism of labor market regulation covers the list of economic, social, psychological factors that determine the functioning of the labor market. The mechanism of labor market regulation in the conditions of socio-economic crisis should cover the purpose, agents, objects, subject of investigation, functional support of the goal realization, principles, methods (means), instruments of influence. The purpose of regulating the labor market is related to its state regulation. It is established that objects of state regulation of the labor market are the processes and conditions of functioning and reproduction of the labor force, employment of the population and its individual groups, to which the organizational, coordination and stimulating activity of the relevant subjects of state power structures, the system of labor organization (conditions, regulation, payment, etc.). The objective is clearly defined proportions of government regulation, self-regulation and contractual regulation, substantiation of the limit level of state intervention in issues of employment and social protection of the unemployed. The subjects are represented by the authorities, individuals and legal entities, trade unions, associations and all other participants in labor relations. The object of the mechanism is the social-labor relations between the employee and the employer, as well as the processes and conditions of the labor market. Between subjects and objects should be social dialogue. The subject is seen as problems and contradictions of functioning of the labor market at all levels. Groups of regulatory methods include administrative, informational, economic and organizational-managerial. The functions of the mechanism are represented by planning, motivation, organization and control. The list of general, special principles and principles of the systematic approach of the state regulatory policy in the labor market is given. Keywords: labor market, economic activity of the population, employment of the population, employment level, regulation of the labor market, mechanism of regulation, labor resources.

Economy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Зинаида Океанова ◽  
Zinaida Okyeanova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Imperfect Competition ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
State Educational

The textbook systematizes the regularities of economic development, interaction of economic entities on the basis of mechanisms of market and state regulation. The features of perfect and imperfect competition, individual and market demand and supply, their elasticity depending on price changes and other grounds are considered. Among the most important are the problems of rationality of consumer behavior and behavior of firms, market mechanisms of formation of factors of production and factor income. Considerable attention is paid to the processes of macroeconomic regulation in General and in specific areas of the economy – in the financial, investment markets, the labor market, in the social sphere. Innovative approaches and modern trends of economic development, leading schools and economic thought are investigated. The textbook corresponds to the State educational standard of higher professional education in Economics. It is prepared on actual foreign and domestic works. It is characterized by the consistency of the structural structure, the sequence of presentation, availability for understanding. For bachelors, masters, more in-depth study of certain economic problems as basic in line with master's programs, for example, in banking , labor market, environmental Economics, state regulation of the economy, the economy of Russia, etc., as well as practical workers and persons interested in the economy.

In Between Market and Charity: Child Domestic Work and Changing Labor Relations in Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Istanbul

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 81-108
Author(s):  
Yahya Araz ◽  
İrfan Kokdaş
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Domestic Work ◽  
Domestic Service ◽  
Wage Labor ◽  
Service Market ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
The Status

AbstractThis article focuses on children taken by Istanbulite families for upbringing and employment in the Ottoman capital during the 1800–1900 period. It suggests that domestic child labor which was shaped by the concept of ‘charity’ and economic interests during the first half of the nineteenth century progressively turned into wage labor during the second half of the century. The study claims that the nineteenth century witnessed a transformation of labor relations in the domestic service market, implying the transition from reciprocal to commodified labor. The labor of children employed in domestic services underwent a monetization process throughout the nineteenth century. Parallel to this monetization, the status of children under foster care or in domestic service came to be determined by standardized legal contracts.

Prices: Market Mechanism and State Regulation

2011 ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
E. Glazova ◽  
M. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
State Regulation ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Market Pricing ◽  
Pricing Mechanism

The article examines the role of state regulation of prices – indirect or direct – with the aim to create a competitive environment (if it is absent) or to strengthen competition with its imperfections in order to eliminate those violations of market pricing mechanism which the market itself cannot resolve.

Perspective directions of development of local gastronomy tourism in the conditions of European integration

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Tetyana P. Yakhno ◽  
Ulyana A. Martynyuk
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Rich Flora ◽  
Innovation Clusters ◽  
Recreational Resources ◽  
Further Development

The article identifies the main aspects of gastronomy tourism in Ukraine and in the world and possible prospects and trends for further development of gastronomy tourism in our country. The variety of gastronomic festivals and tours in the leading regions of the country available in Ukraine are analyzed. Factors and entities of development of gastronomic tourism in each region and the reasons of their uneven application are allocated. The perspective areas of gastronomy tourism development in Ukraine to create a promising and competitive product on the international market of tourist services are outlined. Ukraine as a new tourism destination is increasingly establishing itself on the tourists’ travel map. The information is supplemented by various ratings from international tourist guides, which recommend travelers to turn their eyes to Ukraine. In Ukraine, the tourism industry is in its infancy, but its operation has a significant impact on the economy and is quite promising. Ukraine has very promising conditions and opportunities for activating the tourist capacity, in particular, due to the availability of unique natural and recreational resources, historical and cultural monuments, rich flora and fauna, areas of various forms of recreation, interesting and delicious dishes. Forming the innovation clusters, which are groups of enterprises, firms, organizations, and institutions operating in one (or several related) business area by economic interests and regional characteristics is one of the perspective forms of economic integration and development in the tourism industry of Ukraine. The advantage and novelty of the cluster approach are that it provides significant importance to the microeconomic component, as well as the territorial and social aspects of economic development. In modern conditions, the improvement of methods of organizational, financial, and resource-based support for tourism development at the macro, meso-, and micro levels is highly relevant. The intensification of the tourism companies’ activity should be based on the expansion of the possibilities of regional investment processes management in the specified direction and the combination of efficient state regulation of the economy with market self-regulation.

scholarly journals Current Problems of the Public Regulation of Labor Market in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
О. V. Аkilinа
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Legislative Reforms

The article is devoted to changes of some legislative acts of reform public administration in employment. Analysis and qualitative assessment of the Draft Law of Ukraine “On Amending Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine to reform of public administration in the employment and social insurance in case unemployment” has been done in the work. The author considers that in developing of legislative reforms in employment necessary to expand the list of sources of funding for implementing public policy through gradual attracting resources of separate trust funds for the implementation of employment policy. It is necessary to create mechanism for attracting funds from private foundations and differentiate the expenditure of the Fund of Compulsory public social insurance Ukraine in case of unemployment with the allocation of urban and rural units. Implementation of these reforms requires pre reforming of social insurance in case unemployment. In addition greater attention should be paid to the development of methodology measures to facilitate employment and assessment of their effectiveness in the short and long terms. Voucher systems can be effectively introduced to the labor market once the labor market actors (local employment offices, education institutions and private sector) interact and the potential users are prepared to accept them (have the required awareness and stimuli). Transfer of voucher systems is possible, but the introduction won’t be effective without well proven practices and due account to the available resources. Also, the problem of building social dialog should not be overlooked when elaborating regulatory reforms in the employment. Ways to enhance the effectiveness of social dialogue and activate the positions of all the entities involved in the negotiation process need to be found, in order to preserve the development prospects for the already existing system of social and labor relations, although not quite acceptable for a major part of the Ukrainian community. The social stability in Ukraine is largely dependent on the quality and controllability of the mechanisms underlying the social and labor relations system, and on the capacity of its actors.

scholarly journals HRM in Brazil: an institutional approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Aparecido Costa de Amorim ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da Cruz ◽  
Amyra Moyzes Sarsur ◽  
André Luiz Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
National Level ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Hr Managers

PurposeThe purpose of this work is to comparatively study human resources management (HRM) areas in Brazil, at the national level, analyzing how companies considered labor market and labor relations aspects when building their strategies and when configuring people management models in place in the country (2014–2019), based on local conditions.Design/methodology/approachThe subject was approached through qualitative analysis, encompassing document survey, systematic literature review, specialists' panel discussions, eight focus groups (43 human resources [HR] managers), interviews (16 union members), applying institutional approach to people management.FindingsIn regards to labor market and unions, HR areas faced different conditions across Brazilian regions. They have dealt with those influences on their strategic and quotidian decisions in an unstructured fashion. HR areas remain constructed as traditional, adjuvant and far from strategic level. In the institutionalization process – normative isomorphism – a professional HR jargon use was identified. HR areas usually act in collective bargaining, resorting to specialized professionals or consulting companies. During the economic crisis, HR professionals' attitude had a reactive nature, responding to organizations leadership, with little dedication to the emerging context.Practical implicationsThis work enables important players like HR managers, union members and specialists in public policies to interpret the institutionalization phenomena of practices related to management, labor market and labor relations in the country.Social implicationsUnderstanding the effects of the relations among state, companies and unions allows the different power vectors, acting upon the institutionalization process of people management areas in the Brazilian case, to be outlined.Originality/valueThis study applies the institutional approach to understand the economic and social heterogeneity affecting organizations in Brazil. It enhances the knowledge on HRM areas scope and their articulation toward labor market and relations.

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