scholarly journals Academic discipline of economics as hedonist philosophy

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume XIV Issue 1-2 (Symposium: How economists are...) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Cardão-Pito
Keyword(s):  
Business Students ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Utility Functions ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Mainstream Economics ◽  
The World

Contemporary mainstream economics cannot be seen as disconnected from philosophical concerns. On the contrary, it should be understood as a defence for a specific philosophy, namely, crude quantitative hedonism where money would measure pleasure and pain. Disguised among a great mathematical apparatus involving utility functions, supply, and demand, lies a specific hedonist philosophy that every year is lectured to thousands of economic and business students around the world. This hedonist philosophy is much less sophisticated than that in ancient hedonist philosophers as Epicurus or Lucretius. Furthermore, it does not solve any of the systematic difficulties regularly faced by hedonist philosophy. However, the argument that economics is detached from philosophy works as a rhetorical artifice to protect its dominant underlying philosophy: Philosophical disputes would have to be addressed within the biased mathematical apparatus of quantitative hedonism. Economists and business students must learn to identify the underlying philosophy in mainstream economics and alternative philosophical systems.

1989 göçü sonrası Bulgaristan göçmenlerinin yemek kültüründeki değişim

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-245
Author(s):  
Cahit Kahraman ◽  
İlhan Güneş ◽  
Nanae Kahraman
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
Canned Food ◽  
Product Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Made In

1989 göçü öncesi, dünyada eşzamanlı olarak gittikçe gelişen ve zenginleşen mutfak kültürü, Bulgaristan Türklerini de etkilemiştir. Pazardaki çeşitlilik arttıkça, yemek alışkanlıkları da değişime uğramıştır. Büyük göçten sadece 30-40 sene evvel kısıtlı imkânlar ile sınırlı sayıda yemek çeşidi üretilirken, alım gücünün artmasıyla yemek kültüründe de hızlı gelişmeler olmuştur. Artan ürün çeşitliliği yemeklere de yansımış, farklı lezzetler mutfaklara girmiştir. Göçmen yemekleri denilince hamur işleri, börek ve pideler akla gelir. Ayrıca, göçmenlerin çok zengin turşu, komposto ve konserve kültürüne sahip oldukları da bilinir. Bu çalışma, 1989 öncesi Bulgaristan’ın farklı bölgelerinde yaşayan Türklerin yemek alışkanlıklarına ışık tutmakla birlikte, göç sonrasında göçmen mutfak kültüründe bir değişiklik oluşup oluşmadığını konu almaktadır. Bu amaçla, 1989 yılında Türkiye’ye göç etmiş 50 kişiye 8 sorudan oluşan anket düzenlenmiştir. Bu verilerden yola çıkarak oluşan bulgular derlenmiş ve yeni tespitler yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerine yerleşen göçmenler, kendi göçmen pazarlarını kurmuşlardır. Bulgaristan’dan getirilen ürünlerin bu pazarlarda satılması böyle bir arz talebin hala devam ettiğine işaret etmektedir.ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHThe Diversity in Cuisine Culture of the Immigrants from Bulgaria After 1989 MigrationThe Cuisine culture that has been developing and getting rich day by day contemporaneously in the world before 1989 migration has also had an impact on Bulgarian Turks. By the increase in diversity in the market, eating habits have changed. While producing a limited number of food types with limited opportunities just some 30 or 40 years before the ‘Big Migration’, there has been a rapid progress in food culture by the help of the increase in purchase power. Enhancing product range has been reflected in food, and different tastes have entered the cuisines. When we say immigrant, the first things that come to our mind are pastry, flan and pitta bread. Moreover, it is also known that immigrants have a very rich cuisine culture of pickle, stewed fruit, and canned food. This study aims both to disclose the eating habits of Turks living in different regions of Bulgaria before 1989 and to determine whether there has been a difference in immigrant cuisine culture before and after the migration. For this purpose, a questionnaire consisting of 8 questions has been administered to 50 people who migrated to Turkey in 1989. The results gathered from these data have been compiled and new determinations have been made. In addition, immigrants that settled in different regions of Turkey have set their own immigrant markets. The fact that the products brought from Bulgaria are being sold in these markets shows that this kind of supply and demand still continues.

Toward A Framework for Assessing the Fair Distribution of Space in Urban Streets

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812199519
Author(s):  
Gabriel Lefebvre-Ropars ◽  
Catherine Morency ◽  
Paula Negron-Poblete
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Active Transportation ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Street Space ◽  
The World ◽  
Fair Distribution ◽  
The City

The increasing popularity of street redesigns highlights the intense competition for street space between their different users. More and more cities around the world mention in their planning documents their intention to rebalance streets in favor of active transportation, transit, and green infrastructure. However, few efforts have managed to formalize quantifiable measurements of the balance between the different users and usages of the street. This paper proposes a method to assess the balance between the three fundamental dimensions of the street—the link, the place, and the environment—as well as a method to assess the adequation between supply and demand for the link dimension at the corridor level. A series of open and government georeferenced datasets were integrated to determine the detailed allocation of street space for 11 boroughs of the city of Montréal, Canada. Travel survey data from the 2013 Origine-Destination survey was used to model different demand profiles on these streets. The three dimensions of the street were found to be most unbalanced in the central boroughs of the city, which are also the most dense and touristic neighborhoods. A discrepancy between supply and demand for transit users and cyclists was also observed across the study area. This highlights the potential of using a distributive justice framework to approach the question of the fair distribution of street space in an urban context.

A Review of Aquaculture Practices and Their Impacts on Chemical Food Safety from a Regulatory Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe O Boison ◽  
Sherri B Turnipseed
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Regulatory Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
Aquaculture Industry

Abstract Aquaculture is currently one of the most rapidly growing food production industries in the world. The increasing global importance for this industry stems primarily from the fact that it is reducing the gap between the supply and demand for fish products. Commercial aquaculture contributes significantly to the economies of many countries since high-value fish species are a major source of foreign exchange. This review looks at the aquaculture industry, the issues raised by the production of fish through aquaculture for food security, the sustainability of the practice to agriculture, what the future holds for the industry in the next 10-20 years, and why there is a need to have available analytical procedures to regulate the safe use of chemicals and veterinary drugs in aquaculture.

scholarly journals A Model of the International Monetary System*

2017 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 295-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Farhi ◽  
Matteo Maggiori
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
International Monetary System ◽  
Rate System ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Triffin Dilemma ◽  
World Supply

AbstractWe propose a simple model of the international monetary system. We study the world supply and demand for reserve assets denominated in different currencies under a variety of scenarios: a hegemon versus a multipolar world; abundant versus scarce reserve assets; and a gold exchange standard versus a floating rate system. We rationalize the Triffin dilemma, which posits the fundamental instability of the system, as well as the common prediction regarding the natural and beneficial emergence of a multipolar world, the Nurkse warning that a multipolar world is more unstable than a hegemon world, and the Keynesian argument that a scarcity of reserve assets under a gold standard or at the zero lower bound is recessionary. Our analysis is both positive and normative.

Tourism to the year 2000 - Qualitative Aspects Affecting Global Growth

1990 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Study Programme ◽  
The World ◽  
Work Programme ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Tourism Organization ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Global Growth ◽  
General Work

The World Tourism organization (UNWTO) has initiated study programme on tourism to the year 2000 as part of its general work programme requested by members. The general objective of the study programme is specified as being: To identify the major trends in tourism supply and demand worldwide and by region and their impact on the various sectors of tourism trades; together with implications for policy making and relevant strategies.

Consumer Behavior Changes Post Pandemic Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Tati Maryati
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
The World ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Many ◽  
New Consumer ◽  
At Home

The Corona virus or Covid-19 which is unexpected will come to us, has an impact on health, economy and also humanity throughout the world and is able to fundamentally change the world. Supplements are disrupted because production is stopped, retail stores close, causing consumers to change their behavior, which had previously gone offline shopping. Not just shopping, when a pandemic, the way of thinking becomes different. Consumers around the world are looking for products and brands through new ways and new habits are formed. Online transactions focus more on basic products to make ends meet. The fact that Covid-19's anti-virus has not been found raises concerns about disrupted health and the Government's regulation to work and stay at home also raises concerns about disrupted businesses. Differences from habits and interests or preferences that are different for each person, provide different responses to the problems faced and solutions for the future. The habit of shopping offline has a tendency to continue for complementary products while food products are more directed towards offline. The rest eating habits at home can be continued because it provides more hygiene guarantees. The new habit of holding online meetings with distant relatives or colleagues will be increasingly considered given the many more positive things that can be obtained. Likewise with work problems, working from home is more interesting to consider because it is more efficient and effective and the results can be more productive. This new consumer behavior is adjusted to provide satisfaction for many parties, with the assistance of institutions or governments that oversee the security of supply and demand and maintain the stability of both. 

scholarly journals Smart Retailing in COVID-19 World: Insights from Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Ismail Kotb ◽  
Riham Adel
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Financial Investments ◽  
The World ◽  
Smart Technologies

COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on business in general and the retail sector in particular which was hardly hit as sales fell by 20 percent during this period. The main challenges that face retailers nowadays during COVID-19 outbreak include: balance in supply and demand; safety of employees; trust between retailer and consumer; distribution - transportation capability; shortage of manpower and consumer behavior (Fernandes, 2020; Kumar et al., 2020; Pantano et al., 2020). Yet, retailers around the world started to understand the benefits and new opportunities offered by smart technologies (Inman and Nikolova, 2017; Renko and Druzijanic, 2014). New technologies like internet of things (IoT) can play a significant role in controlling the pandemic situation in the retail sector and are expected to bring substantial benefits such as lower labor costs, increased efficiency, attraction of new shoppers and the generation of new revenue channels (Roy et al., 2017; Vaishya et al., 2020; Wünderlich et al., 2013). However, only a limited number of retailers has adopted IoT due to the huge financial investments required and uncertainty of customers' acceptance (Alkemade and Suurs, 2012; Evans, 2011; Pantano et al., 2013). It is, thus, expected to see smart retailers taking a series of actions over the short to medium term to conserve cash and structure of their company for post-COVID-19 operations. This research aims to explore the retailers' perceptions towards the adoption of smart retail technologies in Egyptian retailing context throughout conducting a series of semi-structured interviews with mid-to-top level management in different retail organisations and discuss the advantages and challenges expected from smart retail technologies adoption. Moreover, the research explains how smart retail can help overcoming uncertainities and is considered a well managed response strategy by retailers to COVID-19.

scholarly journals The Current Trends in Marketing Research in the Tourism Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (513) ◽  
pp. 450-459
Author(s):  
N. I. Yurchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
World Market ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
The World

Currently, the tourism industry continues to outpace the global economy despite deteriorating global economic prospects, tensions in international trade, social worries, geopolitical uncertainty, instability and the COVID-19 pandemic. The article is aimed at identifying modern trends of marketing research as part of the complex of marketing instruments in the tourism sphere. To achieve this aim, the article uses the following research methods: abstract-logical; situational analysis; mean, absolute and relative values; comparison, graphic, sociological; statistical analysis; economic-mathematical; expert surveys and estimations. Based on the data of the World Tourism Organization, the indicators of development of the world market of tourist services are analyzed. Performed were the following: analysis of the dynamics of the number of subjects of tourism activity (tour operators and travel agents) in Ukraine; total average number of full-time employees; income from the provision of tourist services; operating expenses for the provision of tourist services; number of tourists served by tour operators and travel agents in Ukraine. The content of marketing research is disclosed as a multi-stage process, which should include the collection, registration and analysis of data in the sphere of tourism business. Marketing researches should be conducted according to 8 stages: determining the problem; development of the concept of research; cabinet marketing research; field market research; analysis of market conditions (supply and demand); research of foreign markets; simulation modeling; formation of a marketing information system. In order to determine the rating of tour operators of the mass segment of the tourism market in 2020, a questionnaire containing 16 questions is specified. Its results can be used when evaluating tour operators in terms of customer comfort and cooperation with travel agents. It is proved that marketing research in the tourism industry is advisable to be carried out systematically. This will provide for substantiating and elaborating managerial solutions in order to maximize the satisfaction of the needs of consumers of tourist services and solve the problems of significant seasonal fluctuations in demand.

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