scholarly journals Design and Performance Analysis of Hybrid Energy Harvesting and WSN Application for More Life Time and High Throughput

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 686-698
Author(s):  
Shiva Kumar V. ◽  
Rajashree V. Biradar ◽  
V. C. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Sensor Actuator ◽  
The Government

the technology of wireless sensor-actuator networks (WSANs) is widely employed in the applications of IoT due to its wireless nature and it does not involve any wired structure. The wireless systems that are battery-driven can easily reconfigure the existing devices and sensors efficiently in the manufacturing units without employing any cable for power operation as well as for communication. The wireless sensor-actuator networks that are based on IEEE 802.15.4 consumes significantly less power. These networks are designed and built cost-effectively by considering the capacity of battery and expense so that they can be employed for many applications. The application of a typical wireless Autonomous Scheduling and Distributed Graph Routing (DDSR) has illustrated the reliability of employing its basic approaches for almost ten years and it consists of the accurate plot for routing and time-slotted channel hopping therefore ensuring accurate low-power wireless communication in the processing site. Officially declared by the controversial statements associated with the government of Greek experiences fourth industrialization. There is a huge requirement for sensor nodes link via WSAN in the industrial site. Also, reduced computational complexity is one of the drawbacks faced by the existing standards of WSAN which is caused because of their highly centralized traffic management systems and thereby significantly improves the consistency and accessibility of network operations at the expense of optimization. This research work enables the study of efficient Wireless DGR network management and also introduces an alternative for DDSR by enabling the sensor nodes to determine their data traffic routes for the transmission of data. When compared to the above two physical routing protocols, the proposed technique can drastically improve the performance of a network, throughput, and energy consumption under various aspects. Energy harvesting (EH) plays a significant role in the implementation of large IoT devices. The requirement for subsequent employment of power sources is eliminated by The efficient approach of Energy Harvesting and thereby providing a relatively close- perpetual working environment for the network. The structural concept of routing protocols that are designed for the IoT applications which are based on the wireless sensor has been transformed into "energy-harvesting-aware" from the concept of "energy-aware" because of the development in the Energy harvesting techniques. The main objective of the research work is to propose a routing protocol that is energy-harvesting-aware for the various network of IoT in case of acoustic sources of energy. A novel algorithm for routing called Autonomous Scheduling and Distributed Graph Routing (DDSR) has been developed and significantly improved by incorporating a new “energy back-off” factor. The proposed algorithm when integrated with various techniques of energy harvesting enhances the longevity of nodes, quality of service of a network under increased differential traffic, and factors influencing the accessibility of energy. The research work analyses the performance of the system for various constraints of energy harvesting. When compared to previous routing protocols the proposed algorithm achieves very good energy efficiency in the network of distributed IoT by fulfilling the requirements of QoS.

scholarly journals THE DEPENDENCE BETWEEN THE NUMBER OF ROUNDS AND IMPLEMENTED NODES IN LEACH ROUTING PROTOCOL-BASED SENSOR NETWORKS

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Mosorov ◽  
Sebastian Biedroń ◽  
Taras Panskyi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Limited Power ◽  
Total Freedom ◽  
Effective Use

In the 21st century wireless sensor networks have gained much popularity due to their flexibility. This progress has enabled the use of sensor nodes on an unprecedented scale and opened new opportunities for the so-called ubiquitous computerization. The total freedom of nodes distribution within the wireless network, where the wireless characteristic is one of the greatest advantages of the use of wireless sensor networks, implies its greatest weakness, i.e. the limitation of mobile power sources. To overcome this challenge specialized routing protocols, such as LEACH, were ushered in for making the effective use of the energy of the nodes themselves. The purpose of this article is to show how the life of a sensor network depends on the number of nodes equipped with a mobile limited power source.

scholarly journals Efficient Routing Protocols and Coverage Issues in Wsn

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 4330-4336
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Coverage And Connectivity ◽  
Monitoring Area

Wireless sensor network is the most favorable topic in the current era, as the technology is growing tremendously the size of the devices are decreasing gradually and hence the sensors are getting smaller and inexpensive. This makes the deployment of wireless sensor network less complicated, but not only size of the sensor is the problem other different issues are also there like coverage and connectivity issues, without proper coverage of the monitoring area and isolated sensor nodes will never form a proper network. There are different routing protocols which are prominent for the evolution of the wireless sensor network. In this survey we are going to discuss these coverage and connectivity issue and different routing protocols, so that it can help in future research work.

A Survey on Hierarchical Cluster Based Secure Routing Protocols and Key Management Schemes in Wireless Sensor Networks

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Yugashree Bhadane ◽  
Pooja Kadam
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Key Management ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Cluster Based Routing

Now days, wireless technology is one of the center of attention for users and researchers. Wireless network is a network having large number of sensor nodes and hence called as “Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)”. WSN monitors and senses the environment of targeted area. The sensor nodes in WSN transmit data to the base station depending on the application. These sensor nodes communicate with each other and routing is selected on the basis of routing protocols which are application specific. Based on network structure, routing protocols in WSN can be divided into two categories: flat routing, hierarchical or cluster based routing, location based routing. Out of these, hierarchical or cluster based routing is becoming an active branch of routing technology in WSN. To allow base station to receive unaltered or original data, routing protocol should be energy-efficient and secure. To fulfill this, Hierarchical or Cluster base routing protocol for WSN is the most energy-efficient among other routing protocols. Hence, in this paper, we present a survey on different hierarchical clustered routing techniques for WSN. We also present the key management schemes to provide security in WSN. Further we study and compare secure hierarchical routing protocols based on various criteria.

Performance Analysis of TBC-ACO Routing Protocol with Existing Routing Protocols of Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
A. Radhika ◽  
D. Haritha
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Swarm Intelligence ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Congestion Aware

Wireless Sensor Networks, have witnessed significant amount of improvement in research across various areas like Routing, Security, Localization, Deployment and above all Energy Efficiency. Congestion is a problem of  importance in resource constrained Wireless Sensor Networks, especially for large networks, where the traffic loads exceed the available capacity of the resources . Sensor nodes are prone to failure and the misbehaviour of these faulty nodes creates further congestion. The resulting effect is a degradation in network performance, additional computation and increased energy consumption, which in turn decreases network lifetime. Hence, the data packet routing algorithm should consider congestion as one of the parameters, in addition to the role of the faulty nodes and not merely energy efficient protocols .Nowadays, the main central point of attraction is the concept of Swarm Intelligence based techniques integration in WSN.  Swarm Intelligence based Computational Swarm Intelligence Techniques have improvised WSN in terms of efficiency, Performance, robustness and scalability. The main objective of this research paper is to propose congestion aware , energy efficient, routing approach that utilizes Ant Colony Optimization, in which faulty nodes are isolated by means of the concept of trust further we compare the performance of various existing routing protocols like AODV, DSDV and DSR routing protocols, ACO Based Routing Protocol  with Trust Based Congestion aware ACO Based Routing in terms of End to End Delay, Packet Delivery Rate, Routing Overhead, Throughput and Energy Efficiency. Simulation based results and data analysis shows that overall TBC-ACO is 150% more efficient in terms of overall performance as compared to other existing routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks.

Enhanced Adaptive Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering (EADEEC) for Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-172
Author(s):  
Ravi Kumar Poluru ◽  
M. Praveen Kumar Reddy ◽  
Syed Muzamil Basha ◽  
Rizwan Patan ◽  
Suresh Kallam
Keyword(s):  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Stability Period ◽  
Energy Efficient Clustering

Background:Recently Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a composed of a full number of arbitrarily dispensed energy-constrained sensor nodes. The sensor nodes help in sensing the data and then it will transmit it to sink. The Base station will produce a significant amount of energy while accessing the sensing data and transmitting data. High energy is required to move towards base station when sensing and transmitting data. WSN possesses significant challenges like saving energy and extending network lifetime. In WSN the most research goals in routing protocols such as robustness, energy efficiency, high reliability, network lifetime, fault tolerance, deployment of nodes and latency. Most of the routing protocols are based upon clustering has been proposed using heterogeneity. For optimizing energy consumption in WSN, a vital technique referred to as clustering.Methods:To improve the lifetime of network and stability we have proposed an Enhanced Adaptive Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering (EADEEC).Results:In simulation results describes the protocol performs better regarding network lifetime and packet delivery capacity compared to EEDEC and DEEC algorithm. Stability period and network lifetime are improved in EADEEC compare to DEEC and EDEEC.Conclusion:The EADEEC is overall Lifetime of a cluster is improved to perform the network operation: Data transfer, Node Lifetime and stability period of the cluster. EADEEC protocol evidently tells that it improved the throughput, extended the lifetime of network, longevity, and stability compared with DEEC and EDEEC.

scholarly journals Duty Cycle Control Method Considering Buffer Occupancy for IEEE 802.15.4-Compliant Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1362
Author(s):  
Kohei Tomita ◽  
Nobuyoshi Komuro
Keyword(s):  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Buffer Occupancy ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Analytical Expressions

This paper proposes a Duty-Cycle (DC) control method in order to improve the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) for IEEE 802.15.4-compliant heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The proposed method controls the DC so that the buffer occupancy of sensor nodes is less than 1 and assigns DC to each sub-network (sub-network means a network consisting of a router node and its subordinate nodes). In order to use the appropriate DC of each sub-network to obtain the high PDR, this paper gives analytical expressions of the buffer occupancy. The simulation results show that the proposed method achieves a reasonable delay and energy consumption while maintaining high PDR.

scholarly journals Sensor System: A Survey of Sensor Type, Ad Hoc Network Topology and Energy Harvesting Techniques

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Phuoc Duc Nguyen ◽  
Lok-won Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Term Operation

People nowadays are entering an era of rapid evolution due to the generation of massive amounts of data. Such information is produced with an enormous contribution from the use of billions of sensing devices equipped with in situ signal processing and communication capabilities which form wireless sensor networks (WSNs). As the number of small devices connected to the Internet is higher than 50 billion, the Internet of Things (IoT) devices focus on sensing accuracy, communication efficiency, and low power consumption because IoT device deployment is mainly for correct information acquisition, remote node accessing, and longer-term operation with lower battery changing requirements. Thus, recently, there have been rich activities for original research in these domains. Various sensors used by processing devices can be heterogeneous or homogeneous. Since the devices are primarily expected to operate independently in an autonomous manner, the abilities of connection, communication, and ambient energy scavenging play significant roles, especially in a large-scale deployment. This paper classifies wireless sensor nodes into two major categories based the types of the sensor array (heterogeneous/homogeneous). It also emphasizes on the utilization of ad hoc networking and energy harvesting mechanisms as a fundamental cornerstone to building a self-governing, sustainable, and perpetually-operated sensor system. We review systems representative of each category and depict trends in system development.

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