scholarly journals Analysis Of Oil Losses at Press Station In PT. Palmina Utama

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Syamsul Rizal ◽  
Linda Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Screw Press ◽  
The Press ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The Right ◽  
Main Station ◽  
Direct Observation Method

The press station is the main station for quoting oil from the pulp of palm oil (CPO). In the screw press, there are several things that need to be considered in order to determine the success of the extraction process, namely the percentage level of oil losses which is one of the benchmarks for the success of extraction at the press station. Some things that can affect the percentage level of oil losses at the press station are the amount of pressure on the press machine and the level of chopping blades in the digester. This observation is carried out by direct observation method at PT. Palmina Utama, using a purposive sampling method.samples taken for the analysis of oil losses at this press station are in the form of fiber, the persentage value of oil losses is determined by exstraction using soxhlet with n-hexane solvent. Samples for analysis were taken from five press machines at the press station in the form of fiber and taken three times each at three points, namely the left side, the middle side and the right side with an interval of two hours, then the samples were mixed and weighed as much as nine to ten gram. The highest oil losses in February were 4.48% and the lowest losses during February were 4.105%. Based on statistical analysis, that F-Count is smaller than F-table 5% and 1%. Thus, pressure does not affect at the percentage of oil losses.

scholarly journals PENGARUH ELECTRONIC ROAD PRICING TERHADAP VOLUME LALU LINTAS PADA RUAS JALAN BLOK M – KOTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Randy Senapati ◽  
Najid Najid
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Road Pricing ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Traffic Situation ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Efficient Price ◽  
Light Vehicle ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Direct Observation Method

Electronic road pricing is a prepaid road which is used to decrease the traffic volume with put on the on board unit device as the payment tool. The high number of vehicle volume at Jakarta become one of the main reason of electronic road pricing used at the traffic. On this research will be discussed about the condition of Blok M – Kota traffic situation, this road is a main access for people especially to work. to analyze the vehicle volume will be using direct observation method to get the volume, velocity and intensiveness of the traffic. Direct observation will be used to watch vehicle such as motorcycle, light vehicle and weight vehicle. With observation data we will get graphic about the connectivity between velocity and intensiveness that will be modified with questionnaire. Questionnaire data will be spreaded out to get the percentage of decreased volume and estimated price for electronic road pricing. the price and time will be processed with analysis of variance method (ANOVA) asissted with SPSS program. With this research, we expected to learn the electronic road pricing with most efficient price to decrease the vehicle volume at Blok M – Kota road. AbstrakElectronic Road Pricing adalah jalan berbayar yang digunakan untuk mengurangi volume lalu lintas dengan cara memasangkan alat On Board Unit sebagai alat pembayarannya. Tingginya volume kendaraan di Jakarta menjadi alasan utama Electronic Road Pricing digunakan pada lalu lintas. Pada penelitian ini, dibahas mengenai kondisi lalu lintas Blok M – Kota, ruas jalan ini merupakan akses pengguna jalan untuk menuju perkantoran dan tempat wisata. Untuk menganalisa volume kendaraan akan digunakan metode observasi langsung untuk mendapatkan volume, kecepatan dan kepadatan lalu lintas. Observasi langsung dilakukan dengan memperhatikan kendaraan bermotor roda dua, kendaraan ringan dan kendaraan berat. Dengan data observasi akan didapat grafik hubungan antara kecepatan dan kedapatan yang akan dimodifikasi dengan data kuesioner. Data kuesioner disebar untuk mendapatkan persentase penurunan volume dan perkiraan harga Electronic Road Pricing untuk mengurangi volume lalu lintas. Pilihan harga dan waktu akan diolah dengan metode analysis of variance (ANOVA) dengan dibantu program SPSS. Diharapkan pada analisis penelitian ini dapat mengetahui biaya Electronic Road Pricing yang paling efisien untuk mengurangi volume kendaraan pada ruas jalan Blok M – Kota.

scholarly journals Strategi dan Usaha Reservasi untuk Meningkatkan Tingkat Hunian di Grand Orchid Hotel Yogyakarta

Media Wisata ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hery Krestanto
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Data Analysis Technique ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Occupancy Rates ◽  
Direct Observation Method

This study aims to determine the strategy and reservation effort to increase occupancy rates at the Grand Orchid Hotel Yogyakarta. This research was conducted at the Grand Orchid Hotel in Yogyakarta.The type of data collected in this study is qualitative, namely the strategy and reservation effort to increase occupancy rates at the Grand Orchid Hotel Yogyakarta. The data analysis technique used is the direct observation method, direct interview. The results of the research obtained are that reservations have a very important role to increase occupancy rates and there are things that support to increase occupancy rates are complete room facilities, strategic hotel location, intensity of promotion, good employee service

Assessing the Reliability of the CAMS Rating Scale Using a Generalizability Study

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Corona ◽  
Peter M. Gutierrez ◽  
Barry M. Wagner ◽  
David A. Jobes
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Generalizability Study ◽  
Direct Observation Method ◽  
Training Protocol

Abstract. Background: An important consideration when conducting randomized controlled trials is treatment differentiation. Direct observation helps ensure that providers in different treatment groups are delivering distinct interventions. One direct observation method is the use of a measure to rate clinician performance when delivering an intervention. Aims: This generalizability study evaluated the reliability of the CAMS Rating Scale (CRS), a measure used to assess delivery of the Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS). Method: Digitally recorded tapes of clinicians delivering either CAMS or Enhanced Care-As-Usual (E-CAU) were coded using the CRS. Sessions ( N = 36) were each coded by two raters, and encompassed four clinicians, four time points, and 34 unique patients across two treatment groups. A reliability coefficient (i.e., G coefficient) and the percentages of variance contributed by each component of the measurement model were obtained. Results: The CRS reliably differentiates CAMS from E-CAU, minimizes measurement error relative to expected variance sources, and continues to demonstrate high inter-rater reliability. Limitations: The absence of blind raters, a formal training protocol for the rating team, and ratings from all clinician–patient dyads at all time points was a limitation. Conclusion: The CRS is a reliable treatment differentiation measure that can play an integral role in studies evaluating CAMS.

Direct Observation Method of Individual Single-Stranded DNA Molecules Using Fluorescent Replication Protein A

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1189-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Oshige ◽  
Shohei Kawasaki ◽  
Hiroki Takano ◽  
Kouji Yamaguchi ◽  
Hirofumi Kurita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Replication Protein A ◽  
Replication Protein ◽  
Dna Molecules ◽  
Single Stranded Dna ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Direct Observation Method

scholarly journals Discomycetes from plant, leave and sphagnum litter in ombrotrophic bog (West Siberia)

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
N V Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Boreal Zone ◽  
Plant Leave ◽  
Ombrotrophic Bog ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Direct Observation Method

Collection of Discomycetes from two ombrotrophic bogs near Khanty-Mansiysk (boreal zone of West Siberia) was made by direct observation method. 80 specimens were identified and 51 taxa from four orders (Helotiales, Rhytismatales, Pezizales and Ostropales) revealed. Checklist with annotations presents data about occupied substrates, types of plant communities, macro and micro morphological descriptions and comparisons of ecology of species with reports from literature. This group was poorly known in ombrotrophic bogs and supplements our knowledge about the structure of fungal community of peatlands.

scholarly journals The Palatability of Sumatran Rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) in Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Athaya Talitha Siti Awaliah ◽  
Bainah Sari Dewi ◽  
Gunardi Djoko Winarno
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Direct Observation Method

Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is a browser animal or shrub and foliage eaters that has wide needs and variety types of feed. The purpose of the research is to identify the feed types and the palatability of sumatran rhinoceros feed. Data was collected using Direct Observation method. The object of research was a female sumatran rhinoceros " aged named “Ratu”. The results shows that there were founded 61 feed species of rhinoceros in Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary. Those feeds were clasified in 30 different families. The drop-in feed was dominated by Moraceae and Rubiaceae was dominated the natural feed. Leaves were the most eaten part by sumatran rhinoceros both in drop-in feed (75%) or in natural feed (83%). The amount of feed which Sumatran rhinoceros could consumed in one day was 36-47 kg of the total supply as much as ± 100 kg/day. The most eaten quantites and the most prefered feed of sumatran rhinoceros were jack tree (Artocarpus heterophyllus) and merremia (Merremia peltata).Keywords: Sumatran Rhinoceros, Feed , Palatability, Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary

Analisis Kesesuaian Ekosistem Lamun sebagai Pendukung Ekowisata Bahari Pulau Panjang Kabupaten Jepara

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
Handhikka Daffa Wira Pradhana ◽  
Hadi Endrawati ◽  
AB Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Coverage Density ◽  
Halophila Ovalis ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystem ◽  
Cymodocea Rotundata ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Marine Ecotourism ◽  
Cymodocea Serrulata ◽  
Direct Observation Method

Ekowisata bahari adalah kegiatan wisata berkelanjutan yang memanfaatkan sumberdaya pesisir dan laut. Sumberdaya tersebut dapat dibagi menjadi sumberdaya alam dan manusia yang keduanya bersinergi dan berintegrasi untuk pemanfaatan ekowisata tersebut. Ekowisata lamun merupakan salah satu ekowisata berpotensi dimana potensi ekosistem lamun yang merupakan salah satu ekosistem di wilayah pesisir dengan peran penting untuk melindungi wilayah pesisir tersebut. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi ekosistem lamun untuk dijadikan pendukung ekowisata bahari dengan melihat presentase tutupan, parameter lingkungan, dan kelimpahan biota yang berasosiasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode observasi langsung. Metode observasi langsung adalah metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan mengamati dan mengukur langsung objek yang diamati. Metode pengambilan data menggunakan metode transek garis LIPI dengan transek kuadran 50 x 50 cm. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setidaknya terdapat lima spesies lamun yang dapat ditemukan di Perairan Pulau Panjang, yaitu: Thallasia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Enhalus acoroides, dan Halophila ovalis. Kerapatan jenis lamun tertinggi adalah spesies Thallasia hemprichii di stasiun 1 dan kerapatan terendah adalah spesies Halophila ovalis di stasiun 1. Perairan Pulau Panjang juga memiliki potensi biota yang berasosiasi dalam ekosistem lamun, dimana terdapat berbagai jenis ikan karang, Mollusca, Cnidaria, dan Echinodermata yang meningkatkan daya dukung ekowisata lamun yang juga didukung dengan hasil persepsi masyarakat yang mendukung dan ingin berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan ekowisata pada ekosistem lamun.  Marine ecotourism is a sustainable tourism activity that utilized coastal and marine resources. These resources can be devided into natural resources and human resources that both of which can be sinergized and integrated for ecotourism use. Seagrass ecotourism is one of the potential ecotourism that seagrass ecosystem is one of the ecosystems in coastal areas with an important role in protecting the coastal area.  The purpose of this research is to determine the potential of seagrass ecosystem to support marine ecotourism in Panjang Island by also looking at the coverage percentage, environmental parameters, and the abundance of associated biotas. The research method used is direct observation method. Direct observation method is a method of collecting data by directly observing and measuring the object that being observed. The data collection method uses method by LIPI that uses quadrant transects of 50 x 50 cm. The results indicate that there’s at least five species of seagrass can be found in Panjang Island Waters, which is: Thallasia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Enhalus acoroides, and Halophila ovalis. The highest coverage density of seagrass is Thallasia hemprichii in station 1, and the lowest coverage density is Halophila ovalis in station 1. Panjang Island Waters also have the potential of associated biotas in the seagrass ecosystem, where there are various types of reef fishes, Molluscas, Cnidarias, and Echinodermatas that can increase the potential of seagrass ecotourism which are also supported by the results of the community’s perception that support and want to participate in ecotourism activities in the seagrass ecosystem of Panjang Island.

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