scholarly journals Biomass Gasification Process with Catalyst

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 (09) ◽  
pp. 38-53
Author(s):  
H Musfer
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Chemical Process ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Heavy Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Endothermic Reactions ◽  
Secondary Cracking

Gasification is a thermo-chemical process used to convert biomass fuelsinto a fuel gas. Biomass gasification is considered amongst the best methods to enhance biomass-based energy production’s efficiency as it allows common biomass utilization.It has become more important as a mean of converting low energy-density such as biomass feeds or into a transportable high value gas for heat and power generation, chemicals and fuels. Operating conditions are affecting the gasification reactions. the review identified that in high-temperature gasification, endothermic reactions the secondary cracking and reforming of heavy hydrocarbons are favored and hence enhances the whole process’s efficiency. Finally, catalysts are vital for the biomass gasification process, and it is important to select the appropriate ones taking into consideration possible setbacks discussed above and will be explored further in this study.

The Exergy Underground Coal Gasification Technology as a Source of Superior Fuel for Power Generation

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Blinderman
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Production Wells ◽  
Industrial Projects ◽  
Fossil Fuel Power Plants

Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) is a gasification process carried on in non-mined coal seams using injection and production wells drilled from the surface, converting coal in situ into a product gas usable for chemical processes and power generation. The UCG process developed, refined and practiced by Ergo Exergy Technologies is called the Exergy UCG Technology or εUCG® Technology. The εUCG technology is being applied in numerous power generation and chemical projects worldwide. These include power projects in South Africa (1,200 MWe), India (750 MWe), Pakistan, and Canada, as well as chemical projects in Australia and Canada. A number of εUCG based industrial projects are now at a feasibility stage in New Zealand, USA, and Europe. An example of εUCG application is the Chinchilla Project in Australia where the technology demonstrated continuous, consistent production of commercial quantities of quality fuel gas for over 30 months. The project is currently targeting a 24,000 barrel per day synthetic diesel plant based on εUCG syngas supply. The εUCG technology has demonstrated exceptional environmental performance. The εUCG methods and techniques of environmental management are an effective tool to ensure environmental protection during an industrial application. A εUCG-IGCC power plant will generate electricity at a much lower cost than existing or proposed fossil fuel power plants. CO2 emissions of the plant can be reduced to a level 55% less than those of a supercritical coal-fired plant and 25% less than the emissions of NG CC.

Method for Determining the Efficiency of Generation of a Genset Coupled to a Biomass Gasification Process

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto José Páez Salgado ◽  
Luisa Fernanda Marzola Atencia ◽  
Jorge Mario Mendoza Fandiño ◽  
Adrián Enrique Ávila Gómez ◽  
Juan Fernando Arango Meneses
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Electric Power Generation ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Representative Model

This research is based on obtaining a mathematical model to determine the efficiency of generating a generator coupled to a biomass gasification process. To do this, it is initially simulated internal combustion engine at the Aspen hysys® licensed software, in order to obtain the shaft work and a representative model of the generation efficiency of the motor; according to the characteristics of the power cycle and product gas from the gasification of agricultural biomass prevailing in the Department of Córdoba – Colombia: Cotton waste (Gossypium hirsutum), Rice husk (Oryza sativa), Sesame stalk (Sesamum indicum), Corn cob (Zea mays) and Coconut fiber (Cocos nucifera). Subsequently, the generator efficiency is evaluated by the electric power generation simulation phase in the Simulink Toolbox of the MATLAB® software. The deterministic mathematical models resulting from the simulations above are adjusted by statistical techniques to experimental data and a regression model that assesses the overall system efficiency is obtained. Such efficiencies range from 16 to 20%. Therefore it is concluded that the use of representative crops biomass product’s calorific values in the Department of Córdoba -Colombia, are profitable for electric power generation. On the other hand, it is important to note that experimental data’s reliable and monitored way acquisition was performed through the SCADA developing; it allowed real time process variables’ intervention presentation.

Drive Train Over-Speed Prediction for Gas Fuel Based Gas Turbine Power Generation Units

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moinul I. Forhad ◽  
Mark Bloomberg
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Circuit Breaker ◽  
Angular Acceleration ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Drive Train ◽  
Fuel Flow Rate ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
Gas System

Under all circumstances, an engine and its driven equipment(s) must be prevented from operating at a speed above the maximum allowed speed — to ensure the safety of the equipment, plant and its personnel. However, meeting this requirement is particularly challenging for power generation units where the drive train is composed of electric generators driven by free power turbines (i.e. aerodynamically-coupled power turbines), since during load-shed events or circuit breaker failure, full loss of load happens almost instantly. During these events, usually the Fuel Metering Valve is fully closed by the Engine Control System and the Fuel Isolation Valve is closed by the safety system. But, fuel gas continues to flow to the system during the closing of the valves, and furthermore, the fuel gas trapped in the piping between the valve and the fuel injectors still has enough pressure to flow to the combustion chamber and add energy to the system, which at that point has almost no external load, thus likely to cause an over-speeding of the drive-train. This paper is to report a dynamic model created for drive-train over-speed predictions. In this model, fuel flow rate to the engine is calculated based on the principle of conservation of mass together with the fuel gas equation of state. The calculated fuel flow rate is then used to find the amount of power supply to the drive train, which in the next step is converted to the torque applied on the shaft. Finally, Newton’s second law is used to determine the angular acceleration and the angular speed. This approach is applied to two different variations of the Industrial RB211 Engine — the DLE (Dry Low Emission) RB211 and Non-DLE RB211 — which have different designs of the fuel gas system and the burners. For both cases, the results using the modeling approach presented in this paper demonstrate around 99% agreement with the actual measured over-speed values recorded during trip events. The model allows studying the drive train speed for different operating conditions and failure cases, and also makes it easy to understand and quantify the effect of fuel gas system parameter variation on drive-train over-speed.

Should Biomass be Used for Power Generation or Hydrogen Production?

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Corradetti ◽  
Umberto Desideri
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Thermodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Steam Methane

In the last several years, gasification has become an interesting option for biomass utilization because the produced gas can be used as a gaseous fuel in different applications or burned in a gas turbine for power generation with a high thermodynamic efficiency. In this paper, a technoeconomic analysis was carried out in order to evaluate performance and cost of biomass gasification systems integrated with two different types of plant, respectively, for hydrogen production and for power generation. An indirectly heated fluidized bed gasifier has been chosen for gas generation in both cases, and experimental data have been used to simulate the behavior of the gasifier. The hydrogen plant is characterized by the installation of a steam methane reformer and a shift reactor after the gas production and cleanup section; hydrogen is then purified in a pressure swing adsorption system. All these components have been modeled following typical operating conditions found in hydrogen plants. Simulations have been performed to optimize thermal interactions between the biomass gasification section and the gas processing. The power plant consists of a gas-steam combined cycle, with a three-pressure-levels bottoming cycle. A sensitivity analysis allowed to evaluate the economic convenience of the two plants as a function of the costs of the hydrogen and electrical energy.

Study of the Effect of the Operating Conditions on the MCFC-Biomass Gasification Power Generation System

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 317-320
Author(s):  
Ai Guo Liu ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
Cheng Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Power Generation System

The combination of biomass gasification and molten carbonate fuel/micro-gas turbine (MCFC/MGT) hybrid system offers great potential as a future sustainable power generation system. A numerical model of a 100 kW classic MCFC/MGT hybrid system using biomass syngas as fuel has been developed. The simulation was performed to investigate the influence of operation conditions and the syngas compositions on the system performance. The results show that the MCFC/MGT can keep its performance when using syngas gas as fuel which confirms the feasibility of biomass gasification-MCFC/MGT hybrid system. According to the simulation results, the increase of MGT pressure ration and MCFC inlet temperature positively affects the system performance, the fluctuation of syngas composition has little effects on the system.

AN OVERVIEW OF HYDROGEN FUEL FROM BIOMASS GASIFICATION - COST EFFECTIVE ENERGY FOR DEVELOPING ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
F. N Osuolale ◽  
K. A. Babatunde ◽  
O.O Agbede ◽  
A. F Olawuni ◽  
A.J Fatukasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Economic Process ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Different Sources

Hydrogen has the potential to be a clean and sustainable alternative to fossil fuel especially if it is produced from renewable sources such as biomass. Gasification is the thermochemical conversion of biomass to a mixture of gases including hydrogen. The percentage yield of each constituent of the mixture is a function of some factors. This article highlights various parameters such as operating conditions; gasifier type; biomass type and composition; and gasification agents that influence the yield of hydrogen in the product gas. Economic evaluation of hydrogen from different sources was also presented. The hydrogen production from gasification process appears to be the most economic process amongst other hydrogen production processes considered. The process has the potential to be developed as an alternative to the conventional hydrogen production process.

The Design, Selection, and Application of Reciprocating Compressors for Fuel Gas Service

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
D. Hough
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Modular Approach ◽  
Reciprocating Compressor ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Compressor Design ◽  
Design Selection ◽  
Inlet Conditions

This paper describes the design and application of reciprocating compressors for fuel gas service. In fuel gas services and particularly power generation it is important to minimize all parasitic losses. Efficiency over a range of operating conditions requires sophisticated control systems and the paper describes the merits of each system and their effect on operating cost. Some of the important operational considerations are described together with major design features. The use of staging and the advantages of a modular approach to compressor design are also covered, which demonstrates the suitability of the reciprocating compressor for fuel gas service particularly when variation of inlet conditions cannot be avoided.

A Promising Power Option: The FERCO SilvaGas™ Biomass Gasification Process — Operating Experience at the Burlington Gasifier

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Paisley ◽  
J. M. Irving ◽  
R. P. Overend
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
The Us ◽  
Power Generation System ◽  
Gasification Plant ◽  
Gasification Technology

The Burlington Vermont gasifier is the first commercial scale demonstration of the FERCO indirectly heated biomass gasification process. The gasification plant is the largest operation of its type in the US and was the first process to integrate a biomass gasifier with a gas turbine during pilot operations at Battelle’s Columbus, OH facilities. The Burlington plant is coupled to the McNeil station of the Burlington Electric Department and is being used to evaluate and demonstrate the gasification technology both as a producer of fuel gas and in a combined cycle with a gas turbine power generation system. This paper discusses operating results at the Burlington site including gas cleanup / conditioning observations. Future Energy Resources, the owner of the gasification technology, is developing projects worldwide.

Catalytic activities of nickel, dolomite, and olivine for tar removal and H2-enriched gas production in biomass gasification process

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 839-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahsanullah Soomro ◽  
Shiyi Chen ◽  
Shiwei Ma ◽  
Wenguo Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Gas Utilization ◽  
Gas Products ◽  
Tar Cracking ◽  
Gasification Products

Tar content in gasification products is a serious problem for fuel gas utilization in downstream applications. Catalytic steam reforming of tar to syngas is a promising way for the removal of tar from the gas products. Nickel-based catalysts, dolomite, and olivine have been widely investigated for tar cracking and reforming by various researchers. This paper presents a review of biomass gasification, tar composition, and its elimination process by using the above three catalysts. This paper summarizes the knowledge in the published literature associated with tar elimination during the biomass gasification including discussion on the effects of different support, promoter on the catalytic performance. The aim of this paper is to collect information on the performance of above catalysts to make them accessible to readers within one paper. Comparative studies on these catalysts carried out by some researchers have also been presented here which show that the nickel-based catalyst is much more active than dolomite and olivine, but they are more expensive and can be also deactivated. Compared to olivine, the dolomite shows better catalytic performance with much higher gas yield and H2. Calcination of these catalysts improves the catalytic activities but the amount of coke deposited on the surface of the dolomite is reported higher than that of the olivine, which may be resulted from the different Fe amount of the catalyst.

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