scholarly journals Pharmacy students’ views on the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE): findings from two Malaysian universities

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Mohamed Hassan Elnaem ◽  
Muhammad Zuljalil Ilham Wahab ◽  
Aqilah Mohd Ali ◽  
Umi Syuhada Abd Rahim ◽  
Nuraqilah Zulkifli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Objective Structured Clinical Examination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Constructive Feedback ◽  
Study Participants

Objectives: To investigate and compare the views of undergraduate pharmacy students in two Malaysian pharmacy schools (one private and one public) regarding the organisation, quality, and objectivity of Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken among penultimate and final year students in two Malaysian pharmacy schools between October to December 2019 (International Islamic University Malaysia [IIUM] and University of Cyberjaya [UoC]). A questionnaire was developed, tested, validated and then distributed to study participants through online Google forms. Results: A total of 221 undergraduate pharmacy students participated in the study. Students from the public university disagreed with the allocated time for the OSCE stations (IIUM 63.9% and 48.7% vs UoC 11.6% and 14.3%). Relatively few students agreed that OSCE is a less stressful type of assessment compared to other traditional methods (IIUM 7.2% and 10.3% vs UoC 39.5% and 23.8%). Both groups of students’ also disagreed that OSCE marks were likely to be affected by the student’s gender (IIUM 73.2% and 66.7% vs UoC 67.4% and 78.6%). Conclusion: The majority of participants had positive views on the organisation, quality, and objectivity of OSCE, with several differences between students in public and private universities. There are few areas to be further considered to ensure more positive OSCE experience for students such as revision on the time allocation for every station and on the provision of timely constructive feedback.

scholarly journals Students' Views of the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE): Findings from two Malaysian Pharmacy Schools

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Hassan Elnaem ◽  
Zainol Akbar Zainal ◽  
Muhammad Zuljalil Ilham Bin Wahab ◽  
Aqilah Binti Mohd Ali ◽  
Umi Syuhada Binti Abd Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Allocation ◽  
Private University ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public University ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
Constructive Feedback ◽  
Organization Quality

Abstract Objectives: To investigate and compare the views of undergraduate pharmacy students in two Malaysian pharmacy schools (one private and one public) regarding the organization, quality, and objectivity of OSCE. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken among penultimate and final year students in two Malaysian pharmacy schools between October and December 2019. A questionnaire was developed, tested, and validated and then distributed to study participants through online Google forms. Results: A total of 221 undergraduate pharmacy students participated in the study. Regarding the adequacy of the time allocated per OSCE station, students of the public university expressed a relatively higher level of disagreement (IIUM 63.9% & 48.7% vs. UoC 11.6% & 14.3%). Relatively few students agreed that OSCE is a less stressful type of assessment compared to other traditional methods (IIUM 7.2% & 10.3% vs. UoC 39.5% & 23.8%). Regarding the OSCE scores as valid indicators of student’s skills, private university students had more agreement than their counterparts in a public university (UoC 79% & 64.3% vs. IIUM 39.2% 30.8%). In addition, both student groups disagreed that OSCE marks were likely to be affected by the student’s gender (IIUM 73.2% & 66.7% vs. UoC 67.4% & 78.6%). Conclusion: Overall, most of the participants had overall good views regarding the organization, quality, and objectivity of OSCE, with several differences between students in public and private universities. There are few areas to be further considered to ensure more positive students’ OSCE experience such as revision on the time allocation for every station and on the provision of timely constructive feedback.

CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS PROCESSADOS E ULTRAPROCESSADOS POR ESCOLARES DE ARROIO DO TIGRE, RS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Rubiane Inara Wagner ◽  
Patrícia Molz ◽  
Camila Schreiner Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Private School ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cereal Bars

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a frequência do consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados e verificar a associação entre estado nutricional por adolescentes do ensino público e privado do município de Arroio do Tigre, RS. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com adolescentes, com idade entre 10 e 15 anos, de uma escola pública e uma privada de Arroio do Tigre, RS. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal. Aplicou-se um questionário de frequência alimentar contendo alimentos processados e ultraprocessados. A amostra foi composta por 64 adolescentes com idade média de 12,03±1,15 anos, sendo 53,1% da escola pública. A maioria dos adolescentes encontravam-se eutróficos (p=0,343), e quando comparado com o consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados, a maioria dos escolares eutróficos relataram maior frequência no consumo de balas e chicletes (50,0%) e barra de cereais (51,0%), de 1 a 3 vezes por semana (p=0,004; p=0,029, respectivamente). Houve também uma maior frequência de consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados como pizza (73,5%; p0,001), refrigerante (58,8%; p=0,036) e biscoito recheado (58,8%; p=0,008) entre 1 a 3 vezes por semana na escola pública em comparação a escola privada. O consumo de suco de pacote (p=0,013) foi relatado não ser consumido pela maioria dos alunos da escola particular em comparação a escola pública. Os dados encontrados evidenciam um consumo expressivo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados pelos adolescentes de ambas as escolas, destacando alimentos com alto teor de açúcar e sódio.Palavras-chave: Hábitos alimentares. Adolescentes. Alimentos industrializados. ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to compare the frequency of consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods and to verify the association between nutritional status by adolescents from public and private schools in the municipality of Arroio do Tigre, RS. This was a cross-sectional study conducted with adolescents, aged 10 to 15 years, from a public school and a private school in Arroio do Tigre, RS. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index. A food frequency questionnaire containing processed and ultraprocessed foods was applied. The sample consisted of 64 adolescents with a mean age of 12.03±1.15 years, 53.1% of the public school. Most of the adolescents were eutrophic (p=0.343), and when compared to the consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods, most eutrophic schoolchildren reported a higher frequency of bullets and chewing gum (50.0%) and cereal bars (51.0%), 1 to 3 times per week (p=0.004, p=0.029, respectively). There was also a higher frequency of consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods such as pizza (73.5%, p0.001), refrigerant (58.8%, p=0.036) and stuffed biscuit (58.8%, p=0.008) between 1 to 3 times a week in public school compared to private school. Consumption of packet juice (p=0.013) was reported not to be consumed by the majority of private school students compared to public school. Conclusion: The data found evidenced an expressive consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods by the adolescents of both schools, highlighting foods with high sugar and sodium content.Keywords: Food Habits. Adolescents. Industrialized Foods.

Baseline assessment of therapeutic injection practices in Pakistan in 2020: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Syed Sharaf Ali Shah ◽  
Safdar Pasha ◽  
Nikhat Iftikar ◽  
Altaf Ahmed Soomro ◽  
Nazia Farrukh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injection Equipment ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Injection Safety

Objective: To assess the magnitude of the problem of injection safety in public and private health facilities in two districts of Sindh and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted between October and December 2020 among public and private health facilities of two districts of Pakistan: Gujarat in Punjab and Larkana in Sindh provinces. A convenient sample size of 60 healthcare facilities (30 from each district) was taken due to time and resource constraint. Six data collection tools were used which included structured observations and interviews with injection prescribers and providers based on WHO Revised Tool C, which were finalised after piloting. Results: Reuse of injection equipment was not observed in any of the 60 health facilities. In exit interviews of 120 patients, it was found that 27 (22.5%) patients reported receiving an injection, while 11 (9.2%) were prescribed intravenous (IV) drips. More injections and drips were prescribed in the private sector (n=15; 25.0%) in comparison with the public sector (n=12; 20.0%). Slightly higher proportion of IV drips were prescribed by the private providers when compared to public sector healthcare providers: 6 (10.0%) vs 5 (8.3%) respectively. Most of the prescribers (n=58; 96.7%) reported that patients who attended public and private health facilities demanded injectable medicines. Used syringes and drips were noted to be visible in open containers and buckets for final disposal in 20 (33.3%) assessed health facilities. Continuou...

Impact of test anxiety on pharmacy students’ performance in Objective Structured Clinical Examination: a cross-sectional survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad A. Hadi ◽  
Majid Ali ◽  
Abdul Haseeb ◽  
Mahmoud M.A. Mohamed ◽  
Mahmoud E. Elrggal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Objective Structured Clinical Examination ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Trends in treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injuries of the knee in the public and private healthcare systems of Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Costa Astur ◽  
Rodrigo Ferreira Batista ◽  
Gustavo Goncalves Arliani ◽  
Moises Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Healthcare ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Orthopedic surgery implies high costs for both public and private healthcare. The aim of this study was to better understand the differences between the public and private sectors regarding treatment of a damaged anterior cruciate ligament, which is a common knee injury. DESIGN AND SETTING Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted during the Brazilian Orthopedics Congress in Brasília. METHODS We applied questionnaires during the 2010 Brazilian Orthopedics Congress, with participation by 241 knee surgeons from 24 Brazilian states. This was followed by statistical analysis on the data that were obtained. RESULTS The orthopedic surgeons who were evaluated used different approaches and treatment options in different Brazilian states, comparing between the public and private systems. CONCLUSION Both in the public and in the private systems in Brazil, because of non-medical issues surrounding the treatment, the best medical decision is not always made. This may be harmful both to patients and to physicians.

scholarly journals Inter-rater reliability of wound care skills checklist in objective structured clinical examination

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Ina Laela Abdillah ◽  
Intansari Nurjannah
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Objective Structured Clinical Examination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
School Of Nursing ◽  
Item Checklist ◽  
Kappa Value

Background: The wound care skills checklist in objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) should be valid and reliable. Thus, the reliability test of the wound care skills checklist is needed. Purpose of the study was to identify the reliability of the wound care skills checklist.Methods: This study is a descriptive non-experimental quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. This study was conducted in the School of Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. The number of respondents was 94 second-year students of this school of nursing. Inter-rater reliability was performed by 2 raters during OSCE. Kappa and Percent agreement (PA) were used to analyze the reliability of the checklist.Results: Inter-rater reliability of the wound care skills checklist is categorized as good based on kappa value (0.7613) and acceptable based on PA value (89.36%). The results of the twenty-two item checklist were divided into five categories. Sixteen of the twenty-two items on the wound care skills checklist are included in the first category in which kappa category (≥0.41) and PA (>70%) are acceptable. One item is in the second category which has unacceptable value of kappa and PA, one item is in the third category which has low kappa value (0.3974) and high PA (89.36%), one item is in the fourth category which has a kappa value of 0, and three items are in the fifth category which has negative kappa value.Conclusions: Inter-rater reliability of the wound care skills checklist OSCE in this nursing school can be categorized as good and acceptable.

scholarly journals Vulnerability and Adaptation to Extreme Heat in Odisha, India: A Community Based Comparative Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 5065
Author(s):  
Subhashisa Swain ◽  
Shreeporna Bhattacharya ◽  
Ambarish Dutta ◽  
Sanghamitra Pati ◽  
Lipika Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Heat Illness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Slum Population

Background: Extreme heat and heat illness are becoming very frequent in India. We aimed to identify the factors associated with heat illness and the coping practices among city dwellers of Odisha, India during the summer. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 766 households (HHs) in twin cities of Odisha covering a population of 1099 (slum: 404 and non-slum: 695) in the year 2017. We collected information on sociodemographic, household characteristics, coping practices to heat and the heat illness history reported during the summer. Multivariate logistic regression accounting for clustering effects at the household and slum levels was used to identify the associated factors of heat illness after adjustment of other variables. Result: Nearly, 49% of the study participants were female and the mean age was 38.36 years (95% confidence interval (CI): 37.33–39.39 years). A significant difference of living environment was seen across the groups. More than two-thirds of the study participants at least once had heat illness. In the non-slum population, males (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 3.56; 95% CI: 2.39–5.29), persons under medication (aOR: 3.09; 95% CI: 1.15–8.29), and chronic conditions had higher association with heat illness. Whereas, in the slum population, having a kitchen outside the home (aOR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.02–3.96) and persons with chronic conditions were positively associated with heat illness. Use of cooling practices in slum areas reduced the risk of heat illness by 60%. Conclusion: Heat illness is associated with the living environment and physical health of the individuals. Identifying the vulnerable population and scaling up adaptive practices can strengthen the public health preparedness.

scholarly journals Assessment of surgical capacity in Chiapas, Mexico: a cross-sectional study of the public and private sector

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e044160
Author(s):  
Lina Roa ◽  
Ellie Moeller ◽  
Zachary Fowler ◽  
Fernando Carrillo ◽  
Sebastian Mohar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Surgical Volume ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Surgical Capacity ◽  
Catastrophic Expenditure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public

IntroductionSurgical, anaesthesia and obstetric (SAO) care are essential, life-saving components of universal healthcare. In Chiapas, Mexico’s southernmost state, the capacity of SAO care is unknown. This study aims to assess the surgical capacity in Chiapas, Mexico, as it relates to access, infrastructure, service delivery, surgical volume, quality, workforce and financial risk protection.MethodsA cross-sectional study of Ministry of Health public hospitals and private hospitals in Chiapas was performed. The translated Surgical Assessment Tool (SAT) was implemented in sampled hospitals. Surgical volume was collected retrospectively from hospital logbooks. Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare public and private hospitals. Catastrophic expenditure from surgical care was calculated.ResultsData were collected from 17 public hospitals and 20 private hospitals in Chiapas. Private hospitals were smaller than public hospitals and public hospitals performed more surgeries per operating room. Not all hospitals reported consistent electricity, running water or oxygen, but private hospitals were more likely to have these basic infrastructure components compared with public hospitals (84% vs 95%; 60% vs 100%; 94.1% vs 100%, respectively). Bellwether surgical procedures performed in private hospitals cost significantly more, and posed a higher risk of catastrophic expenditure, than those performed in public hospitals.ConclusionCapacity limitations are greater in public hospitals compared with private hospitals. However, the cost of care in the private sector is significantly higher than the public sector and may result in catastrophic expenditures. Targeted interventions to improve the infrastructure, workforce availability and data collection are needed.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Work Environment Factors Correlating with Burnout Status of Physicians Employed with the Public Hospitals Authority in The Bahamas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merrilyn Wallace-Bain
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
The Bahamas ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Study Participants

Objective To identify the prevalence and factors associated with the Burnout Syndrome in physicians working in the Public Hospitals Authority (PHA), Nassau, Bahamas. Methods A cross-sectional study was done in 2014 utilising a self-administered survey comprising of demographics, general health, work environment, and Maslach Burnout Inventory items to assess burnout among physicians working in nine (9) departments of PHA. The IBM SPSS (v. 20.0 or more current) Statistical Analyses software was used for data analysis. Results The study participants were 153 physicians. Their mean age was 35.84 (± 7.09) years old; median 34.00 (IQR: 31.00, 40.00) years old, 99 (64.7%) were females. No associations were found among these, other socio-demographic variables measured and burnout status. Physicians in the department of Internal Medicine represented 34 (22.2%), Family Medicine 31 (20.3%), Emergency Medicine 30 (19.6%), Paediatrics 21 (13.7%), and physicians in other departments 34 (22.3%). Of the physicians employed under the PHA, 55.7% collectively exhibited burnout. Poor balance of family life, 15 work environment potential stressors and 4 potential stress relievers were found to each be weakly or very weakly related to burnout status. Postgraduate programme year, irregular sleep pattern and lack of appreciation were moderately strong positively related. Logistic regression analysis showed the key predictors of burnout status to be lack of appreciation (OR=1.69, p=.002) and number of years worked post-internship (OR=.94, p=.039). Conclusion: Physician’s sense of appreciation and number of years post internship were clear predictors of burnout.

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