scholarly journals EVALUATION OF NEPHROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF KATAKABEEJA YOGA AGAINST ASPIRIN-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol p6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3208-3218
Author(s):  
Manohar S. Sarangi ◽  
Hiremath S. K. ◽  
Danappagoudar Girish ◽  
Basavaraj Mulkipatil
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Diuretic Activity ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Nephroprotective Activity ◽  
Strychnos Potatorum ◽  
Post Hoc

Drug-induced toxicity is the major concern in the present Era, particularly with Hepato and Nephrotoxicity. Drug- induced renal failure (RF) accounted for 20% in India. As there is an increasing number of potent therapeutics drugs like – NSAID's (Aspirin), Antibiotics, chemotherapy agents etc. Katakabeeja Yoga is mainly indicated in Prameha Chikitsa according to Yogaratnakar. Kataka (Strychnos potatorum. Linn) is Vishaghna, Ashmari, Prameha, Visha etc. Kataka - Independently have potent Antioxidant, Osmotic diuretic activity. Hence the pre- sent study was aimed to evaluate the Nephroprotective activity of Katakabeeja Yoga against Aspirin-induced Ne- phrotoxicity in Wistar rats. Katakabeeja Yoga was prepared after authenticating procured raw drugs and analyzed for preliminary physicochemical, organic and inorganic tests. Either sex Wistar rats weighing 150 – 200 g were selected and randomized into three groups (each group 6 no.) like Normal, Aspirin-induced, or Katakabeeja Yoga treated. Toxicity with Aspirin 100mg/kg orally for 15 days. In the treated group Katakabeeja yoga 0.216g (216mg) was received after administration of Aspirin for 15 days and sacrificed on the 16th day. Before and end of the study, the blood sample was collected for estimation of biomarkers like Serum Creatinine, urea and electro- lytes. The kidney was kept in a 10% formalin solution and sent for histopathology studies. Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple post hoc procedures. The Aspirin group showed a significant rise in se- rum Creatinine, and urea followed by a decrease the urine output. Katakabeeja Yoga significantly reduced the serum Creatinine and urea followed by an increase in the urine output may have Katakabeeja potent antioxidant, osmotic diuretic activity. The study established that Katakabeeja Yoga possesses a durable Nephroprotective ef- fect against Aspirin-induced Nephrotoxicity. Keywords: Nephroprotective, Kataka, Nephrotoxicity

scholarly journals The Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Myrmecodia pendans on Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration ◽  
Tubular Necrosis ◽  
Vascular Congestion ◽  
Nephroprotective Activity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nephroprotective Effect

The purpose of the study was to investigate the nephroprotective effect of the Myrmecodia pendans extract on Wistar rats. The nephrotoxicity of the animals was induced through intra-peritoneal administration of 100mg/kg/day of gentamicin for ten days. The effect of M. pendans extract at a dose of 250mg/kg/day was concurrently monitored in some rats by assessing their serum creatinine levels, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and the histopathological parameters. The mean of serum creatinine in control group was 1.17±0.18mg/dl and in nephrotoxic group it was 2.22±0.29 mg/dl, while in group given the extract were 1.38±0.19 and 1.27±0.15mg/dl, respectively. In that group also sequentially showed BUN levels of 24.27±2.6, 108.13±11.58, 30.70±4.23 and 27.28±2.84mg/dl, respectively. Nephrotoxicity was induced in the animals injected with gentamicin, which showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in creatinine and BUN compared with control group. The results also showed that the M. pendans ethanolic extracts significantly (P<0.05) prevented the increase in the levels of serum creatinine, BUN and reduced renal histopathological damage such as hydropic degeneration, vascular congestion and tubular necrosis. Therefore, the ethanolic extract of M. pendans exhibits a nephroprotective activity.

scholarly journals Pharmacological and Biochemical Evaluation of Anti-arthritic Activity of Punica Granatum Extracts in FCA Induced Arthritis in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 1670-1680
Author(s):  
Anjali ◽  
Ashish ◽  
Praveen K. Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Altered Level ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The present studies were executed on Freund's complete adjuvant (0.1 ml) induced arthritic Wistar rats to explore the folkloric use of the seeds. This study describes the effect of Punica granatum  Linn's Ethanolic (PGSE) and Chloroform (PGSC) extract within the FCA-induced arthritis rat paw oedema, vagaries in behaviour, haematological and alterations in biochemical parameters in the developed and progression of arthritis phases. There was a significant rise in the paw swelling (volume) of rats and reduction in (BW) body weight, with FCA-induced arthritic rats. In contrast, PGSE and PGSC with the dose of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg and Diclofenac (20mg/kg) treated group showed a substantial decrease in paw volume and the normal improvement in body weight to the positive control group. The altered level of haematological parameters, including, Hb, RBC, WBC, and ESR, in arthritic rats, have been substantially regained to normal by PGSE and PGSC treatment at the dosage of 200 mg/kg/p.o and 400 mg/kg/p.o in both the developed and progression of arthritis phases. In this study, Anti-inflammatory action of the PGSE and PGSC with carrageenan-induced paw oedema has also been investigated. Thus, percentage (%) inhibition of PGSE and PGSC were found to be 91.8 % and 86.71, respectively, concerning Diclofenac sodium (93.14%), this gave the evidence of dose-dependent action potential of Punica granatum as anti-inflammatory activity.

Systemic effects of low-dose dopamine during administration of cytarabine

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 436-442
Author(s):  
James Connelly ◽  
Dina J Benani ◽  
Matthew Newman ◽  
Bradley Burton ◽  
Jessica Crow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Drug Induced

Purpose Low-dose dopamine has been utilized to improve renal blood flow, urine output, and reduce drug-induced nephrotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in renal function, cardiovascular adverse events, and neurologic toxicity in patients receiving cytarabine with or without low-dose dopamine. Methods A retrospective, single-center, cohort study of patients receiving cytarabine at 667 mg/m2/dose or greater, with or without dopamine at ≤5 mcg/kg/min. Cohorts were based upon initiation or absence of low-dose dopamine; cytarabine only, cytarabine + pre- and day of low-dose dopamine, and cytarabine + post-low-dose dopamine. Renal outcomes (urine output, serum creatinine, and creatinine clearance) were compared with baseline and between cohorts. Safety endpoints (arrhythmias, tachycardia, and neurotoxicity) were compared between cohorts based on low-dose dopamine exposure. Results There was no difference in urine output from baseline in all cohorts. Comparing cytarabine only and pre- and day of low-dose dopamine cohorts, there was no difference in urine output. In those receiving low-dose dopamine, there was no difference in serum creatinine and creatinine clearance from baseline. No arrhythmias were documented during the study period, and there was no difference in the incidence of tachycardia between groups (P = 0.66). Neurotoxicity was reported in three patients who were on low-dose dopamine. Conclusion Though variation existed in individual patients administered low-dose dopamine, the use of low-dose dopamine did not significantly impact renal function in this small sample at a single institution. In addition, low-dose dopamine did not negatively impact cardiovascular function.

Diuretic activity and toxicity study of the aqueous extract of Cola nitida seed on markers of renal function and electrolytes in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirian Nnemdi Ashibuogwu ◽  
Olukayode Isaac Adeosun ◽  
Rufus Ojo Akomolafe ◽  
Douglas Olaniyi Sanni ◽  
Olaoluwa Sesan Olukiran
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diuretic Activity ◽  
Morning Sickness ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Urine Concentrations ◽  
Cola Nitida

AbstractBackgroundis a plant, conventionally used in Africa in the treatment of various ailments such as migraine, morning sickness and indigestion. The aim of the present study was to explore the diuretic activity of the aqueous extract ofMethodsThe study was divided into diuretic and subchronic studies. Twenty-five male Wistar rats weighing between 140 and 180 ResultsThe results of the diuretic study showed that the AECONS at all doses used and furosemide produced a significant increase in urine output with respect to the control group. AECONS also induced a significant increase in the urine concentrations of NaConclusionsIt is concluded that AECONS induced diuresis which is associated with increased Na

scholarly journals Samidorphan, an opioid receptor antagonist, attenuates drug-induced increases in extracellular dopamine concentrations and drug self-administration in male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 173157
Author(s):  
Jacobi I. Cunningham ◽  
Mark S. Todtenkopf ◽  
Reginald L. Dean ◽  
Marc R. Azar ◽  
George F. Koob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Opioid Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Extracellular Dopamine ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

P–061 Protective effect of melatonin against bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy-induced testicular toxicity in Wistar rats: A biochemical, immunohistochemical and apoptotic genes based evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Moradi ◽  
A Faramarzi ◽  
N Goodarzi ◽  
A H Hashemian ◽  
H Cheraghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bep Chemotherapy

Abstract Study question Does exogenous melatonin (MLT) attenuate BEP-induced damage in testicular cells and spermatogenesis in a dose-dependent manner? Summary answer Melatonin protected the testes against BEP-induced testis damage through ameliorating nitro-oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation. However, there was no significant difference between melatonin-treated groups. What is known already Recently, the prevalence of testicular cancer (TC), accounting for the most common cancer among young people of reproductive age (15–40 years), has risen internationally. BEP chemotherapy has increased the 5-year survival rate of TC patients at all stages of testicular germ cell tumors to 90–95%. However, BEP creates a high incidence of male infertility and even long-term genotoxic effects, which emerges as a critical health issue. Melatonin is a well-known potent antioxidant with widespread clinical applications that recently has been giving increasing attention to its role in male sub/infertility. Study design, size, duration 60 Adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to six groups (n = 10/group). Group 1, 3, and 4 were injected with vehicle, 10 and 20 mg/kg of melatonin, respectively. Other groups received one cycle of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin for a total of 3 weeks with or without melatonin. Melatonin administration started daily one week before BEP initiation continued on days 2, 9, and 16; and one week after the completion of the BEP cycle. Participants/materials, setting, methods Bodyweight, testes weight, Sperm parameters (count, motility, viability, and morphology), testosterone hormone level, testicular histopathology, stereological parameters, testicular level of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), the expression of Bcl–2, Bax, Caspase–3, p53, and TNF-α (Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry) were evaluated at the end of the study (day 35). Main results and the role of chance Our findings showed that melatonin restores the BEP-induced reduction in the body and testes weight (P&lt;.05). the evaluation of quantitative analysis of the testes stereological procedures, QRT-PCR examination and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining revealed that melatonin reverses the BEP-induced impaired spermatogenesis (P&lt;.05). Furthermore, melatonin rectifies BEP-induced disturbance on sperm count, motility, viability, and morphology. The testosterone level in the BEP-treated group was decreased significantly by comparison with the control group (P&lt;.01). By contrast, co-administration of 10 and 20 mg/kg of melatonin could enhance the serum testosterone level significantly (P&lt;.05). Moreover, melatonin enhanced the antioxidant status of the testis by elevating TAC and ameliorating MDA and NO levels. More notably, QRT-PCR examination indicated that melatonin therapy suppressed BEP-induced apoptosis by modulating apoptosis-associated genes such as Bcl–2, Bax, Caspase–3, p53 in the testis (P&lt;.01). Besides, Co-administration of 10 and 20 mg/kg of melatonin with BEP regimen decreased significantly the population of p53 (54.21 ±6.18% and 51.83±8.45, respectively) and TNF-α positive cells (42.91±9.92% and 33.57±2.97, respectively) by comparison to the BEP group. Also, melatonin with low and high doses could enhance the expression of Bcl–2 protein in spermatogenic cells line (59.19±10.18%, 63.08±5.23, respectively) compared to the BEP-treated group. Limitations, reasons for caution Owing to limited laboratory facilities we were not able to perform further studies to verify the mechanism of melatonin in the specific targets by using transfection technique and transgenic. Wider implications of the findings: These findings can draw attention to the clinical application of melatonin and also suggest that melatonin may be an attractive agent for attenuating chemotherapy-associated male sub/infertility. This indolamine also may shorten the fertility recovery period in patients undergoing chemotherapy with the BEP regimen. Trial registration number N/A

scholarly journals Diuretic activity of the bark of Eysenhardtia polystachya

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saudy Saret Pablo-Pérez ◽  
María Mirian Estévez-Carmona ◽  
María Estela Meléndez-Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Diuretic Activity ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Different Doses

<p class="Abstract">The aim of this study was to evaluate the diuretic activity of <em>Eysenhardtia polystachya</em> bark aqueous extract at different doses in a rat model. Different doses of <em>E. polystachya</em> (125, 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg body weight), furosemide (4 mg/kg) and vehicle were administered per os to female rats (n=6 animals per group). After 6 hours in metabolic cages, the effect on urinary flow, glomerular filtration rate and electrolyte balance of sodium and potassium were assessed in all animals. <em>E. polystachya</em> at the doses of 500 and 750 mg/kg induced diuretic activity, since markedly increased (p&lt;0.05) the urinary flow rate, similar to that of furosemide treated group. Only the dose of 750 mg/kg produced an increment in urinary excretion of sodium but not of potassium compared with control group. These findings indicate that<em> E. polystachya</em> bark-induced diuretic activity, providing evidence for its folkloric use.</p><p> </p>

Coumarins and a Naphthyl Labdanoate Diarabinoside from the Fruits of Peucedanum grande C. B. Clarke

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 580-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Aslam ◽  
Mohammed Ali ◽  
Rameshwar Dayal ◽  
Kalim Javed
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Nephroprotective Activity ◽  
Coumarin 1 ◽  
Spectral Data Analysis

Phytochemical investigations of the methanolic extract of the fruits of Peucedanum grande C. B. Clarke (Apiaceae) led to the identification of three coumarins and a naphthyl labdanoate diarabinoside characterized as 5-hydroxy-6-isopranyl coumarin (1), 5,6-furanocoumarin (2), 7-methoxy-5,6-furanocoumarin (3), and labdanyl-3α-ol-18-(3’’’-methoxy-2’’’- naphthyl-oate)-3α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(2’→1’’)-α-L-arabinofuranoside (4). The structures of these compounds were identified on the basis of spectral data analysis and chemical reactions. The methanolic extract and 4 showed nephroprotective activity against gentamicininduced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats.

Aldosterone and ADH response to heat and dehydration in cattle

1980 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. D. El-Nouty ◽  
I. M. Elbanna ◽  
T. P. Davis ◽  
H. D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Total Plasma Protein ◽  
Urinary Potassium

The effect of heat (35 degrees C) and dehydration under heat (30 h) on plasma levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone was studied on four nonpregnant dry Holstein cows. Heat exposure caused a rapid significant rise in plasma ADH without significant changes in hematocrit (Hct), small but significant increase in urine output and a significant reduction in total plasma protein. Dehydration under heat caused a sharp increase in ADH levels associated with a significant decrease in urine output and a significant increase in plasma protein, blood Hct, and serum osmolality. A significant reduction in plasma aldosterone level was observed after 24 h of heat exposure. This was associated with a slight rise in urinary sodium excretion and a significant reduction in serum sodium. Both serum and urinary potassium concentrations were significantly lower under heat. Dehydration resulted in a slow rise in aldosterone but did not reach thermoneutral level. This is probably due to the inhibitory effect of higher serum sodium observed during dehydration on plasma aldosterone secretion. The rise in ADH and decrease in aldosterone during heat exposure may explain why cattle are one of the few species that do not concentrate urine during heat exposure.

scholarly journals Incidence of Acute Renal Failure in Full Term Neonates with Birth Asphyxia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 671-674
Author(s):  
Chandra Bhushan Jha ◽  
Akhil Tamrakar
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Acute Renal Injury ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Oliguric Renal Failure

Introduction: Birth asphyxia is an eventuality having far reaching consequences in the neonatal period. Hypoxia and ischemia can cause damage to almost every tissue and organ in the body and various target organs involved. Renal insult is a recognized complication of birth asphyxia and carries a poor prognosis. Timely detection of renal dysfunction and appropriate management may favorably alter the prognosis in many neonates with birth asphyxia. Objective: The present study was done to find out the incidence of acute renal failure in the full term neonates with birth asphyxia. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Morang, Nepal from 1st September 2017 to 28th February 2018. Fifty full term neonates born with Apgar score of <6 at 5 minutes and fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Asphyxiated neonates having Serum creatinine >1.5gm/dl or urine output<1ml/kg/hr were labeled as cases of Acute Renal Failure. Blood sample for serum creatinine was collected at 24hrs, 48 hrs and 72 hrs of life. Results A total of 50 term asphyxiated neonates were enrolled in the present study. Among them 54% and 46% were males and females respectively with male to female ratio of 1.2:1. In the present study 62% of cases developed acute renal failure in either of the first three days of life with mean urine output 1.02±0.27ml/kg/hr and mean serum creatinine of 1.49±0.32 mg/dL. The incidence of oliguric renal failure was 52% and non oliguric renal failure was 48%.The association between serum creatinine and urine output was statistically significant. Conclusion: In the present study birth asphyxia has been an important cause of neonatal acute renal injury, revealing 31 (62%) cases. Monitoring urine output and serum creatinine has helped in detecting the asphyxiated neonates with acute renal injury in the early stage.

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