scholarly journals Pharmacological and Biochemical Evaluation of Anti-arthritic Activity of Punica Granatum Extracts in FCA Induced Arthritis in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 1670-1680
Author(s):  
Anjali ◽  
Ashish ◽  
Praveen K. Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Altered Level ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The present studies were executed on Freund's complete adjuvant (0.1 ml) induced arthritic Wistar rats to explore the folkloric use of the seeds. This study describes the effect of Punica granatum  Linn's Ethanolic (PGSE) and Chloroform (PGSC) extract within the FCA-induced arthritis rat paw oedema, vagaries in behaviour, haematological and alterations in biochemical parameters in the developed and progression of arthritis phases. There was a significant rise in the paw swelling (volume) of rats and reduction in (BW) body weight, with FCA-induced arthritic rats. In contrast, PGSE and PGSC with the dose of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg and Diclofenac (20mg/kg) treated group showed a substantial decrease in paw volume and the normal improvement in body weight to the positive control group. The altered level of haematological parameters, including, Hb, RBC, WBC, and ESR, in arthritic rats, have been substantially regained to normal by PGSE and PGSC treatment at the dosage of 200 mg/kg/p.o and 400 mg/kg/p.o in both the developed and progression of arthritis phases. In this study, Anti-inflammatory action of the PGSE and PGSC with carrageenan-induced paw oedema has also been investigated. Thus, percentage (%) inhibition of PGSE and PGSC were found to be 91.8 % and 86.71, respectively, concerning Diclofenac sodium (93.14%), this gave the evidence of dose-dependent action potential of Punica granatum as anti-inflammatory activity.

scholarly journals Effects of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet consumption in diabetic rats: Beneficial impact on glycemic and weight control

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (07) ◽  
pp. 16984-16996
Author(s):  
MMC Anyakudo ◽  
◽  
DO Adeniji ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Formulated Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
And Control

The metabolic response to nutrient ingestion and the rate of digestion and absorption of nutrient molecules in bowel physiology plays an important role in the metabolic control of some human chronic non-infectious diseases. This experimentally-controlled designed nutritional study which lasted eight weeks aimed to determine the effects of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate (HP/LC) formulated diet on glycemic tolerance, glycemic control, body weight, organ weight and organ morphometry in healthy and diabetic adult male Wistar rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats purchased from a disease-free stock were randomly categorized into four groups (n = 6, each) after two weeks acclimatization period in raised stainless steel cages with 6 mm2mesh floor and replaceable numbered blotters papers placed under each cage in a well-ventilated animal house. Animal groups include: Healthy control group (HC), Healthy treated group (HT), Diabetic control group (DC) and Diabetic treated group (DT. The animals were fed according to the experimental design with water ad libitumfor eight weeks. Diabetes was inducted with freshly prepared alloxan monohydrate solution (150 mg/kg bw, intraperitoneally). Body weights and fasting blood sugar concentrations were measured twice weekly, while oral glucose tolerance test was conducted on the last day of the eighth-week study and subsequently followed by organs extraction after anesthesia for weight and gross assessment. Proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet caused significant reduction in mean body weight of treated diabetic (DT: 22.6%; P= .001) and healthy (HT: 5.8%; P= .007) rats while the control animals on control diet recorded significant (P< .05) increase in body weight gain (DC: 12.4%; HC: 11.2%). Glycemic tolerance and control improved significantly in diabetic treated rats over that of the healthy treated rats. Gross morphometry of the extracted organs (kidneys, liver, heart, lungs, spleen and testes) revealed sustained normal morphological features without any visible lesion. In conclusion, consumption of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet enhanced body weight reduction and sustained normal organ morphological features with good glycemic tolerance and control in experimental rats, suggesting its dietary potentiality, safety and suitability to ameliorate obesity-related diabetes.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hydroxytriazenes and their Vanadium Complexes

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (s2) ◽  
pp. 1144-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Singh ◽  
Peeyush Patel ◽  
A. K. Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Vanadium Complexes ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The anti-inflammatory activity of hydroxytriazenes as well as their vanadium complexes has been studied using carrageenan induced hind paw oedema method in albino rats (Wister strain). Hydroxytriazenesviz., 3-hydroxy-1,3-diphenyltriazene(HT-1), 3-hydroxy-3-phenyl-1-(4-sulfonamido)phenyl triazene(HT-2), 3-hydroxy-3-p-chlorophenyl-1-(4-sulfonamido) phenyltriazene(HT-3), 3-hydroxy-3-m-chlorophenyl-1-(4-sulfonamido)phenyltriazene(HT-4)(HT-4) and their respective vanadium complexes C-1, C-2, C-3 and C-4 have been synthesized using standard methods, purified, characterized and used for studying their anti-inflammatory activities. The hind paw oedema was produced by subplanter injection of carrageenan and the paw volume was measured plethysmographically after 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 h. The animals were givenHT-1, HT-2, HT-3andHT-4and also vanadium complexes C-1, C-2, C-3 and C-4 dissolved inDMSO(at dose 5 mg/Kg body weight). Diclofenac sodium (5 mg/kg) was used as a standard drug. The standard drug shows maximum inibition up to 1h as 81.73% which goes on increasing up to 3h (88.94%) but further reduces to 74.93% at the end of 5 h. The test compounds i.e. both ligands as well as their metal complexes show maximum percent inhibition only up to 1h. after which the efficacy reduces. Thus it can be said that both ligands as well as their vanadium complexes show very significant anti-inflammatory activity up to 1h which is comparable to standard drug.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Potentials of Trigona Honey in the Therapy and Prevention against Respiratory Infection in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 2955-2962
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Khaled Al-kafaween ◽  
Abu Bakar Mohd Hilmi ◽  
Mohamed M. Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Trigona honey (TH) is well known for its therapeutic characteristics. To date, the study of Trigona honey as a prophylactic or immune booster prior to the bacterial infection of the invivo model is not well covered. This study aims to investigate anti-inflammatory and immune activities in Wistar rats infected with respiratory infection following with Trigona honey. 25 Wistar rats were assigned to possitive groups, negative control group, positive control group was fed TH (5 g / kg body weight) orally, the untreated group was infected with Staphylococcus aureus to induce respiratory infection, the treated group has been infected with S. aureus followed by treatment with TH at a dose of 1.5 ×108 CFU / mL and the preventive group ingested TH one week before S. aureus infection. Blood was obtained for biochemical analysis. Lung tissues have been collected for molecular examination. The results showed a significant decrease in serum levels of ALT, AST, urea and creatinine in the preventive and treated groups, serum IgG increased significantly (P<0.05) in the preventive and treated groups, IFN-y increased in the preventive group while decreased in the treated group, and IL-8 increased in the treated group while decreased in the preventive group. The mRNA expression of AGP is up-regulated in the positive control, preventive and treated groups. The α2-MG, TNF-α , and mRNA expressions showed lower regulation after administration of TH in preventive and treated groups. The results show the ability of TH to counteract immune and inflammatory changes in serum levels and gene expressions.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of Vatavidhvamsana rasa, An Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 669-673
Author(s):  
Mahesh S ◽  
Swapnil Y Chaudhari ◽  
Mukesh Nariya ◽  
Patgiri B J
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Heat Response ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Inflammation is a complex process mainly comprises of three phases namely acute, sub-acute and chronic. In acute inflammatory conditions fluid and granulocytic cells accumulate at the site of injury because of the changes in small blood vessels. This response often activates systemic response such as leucocytosis, protein catabolism, fever and synthesis of C-reactive protein, an acute-phase protein In Ayurvedic texts, several herbo-mineral preparations to fight against inflammation have been found; among them, Vatavidhvamsana Rasa (VVR) is one, which is said to be remarkable in inflammation condition. Aim and Objectives: To assess the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of VVR in pharmacologically validated models. Materials and methods: Wistar strain albino rats weighing 200 ± 20 of either sex were used in the study. VVR was administered at a dose of 22.5 mg/kg for the rat. Results: Vatavidhvamsana Rasa (VVR) showed a significant decrease in the carrageenan-induced paw oedema after 1-hour interval in comparison to the control group (P<0.05) and at 3 hours and 5 hours intervals it showed a non-significant decrease in carrageenan-induced paw oedema in albino rats.  In the analgesic activity, VVR treated group showed a significant increase in radiant heat response at 30 min. interval (P<0.05) and non-significant increase at 60 mins in comparison to initial and control group. Conclusion: The results concluded that Vatavidhvamsana Rasa has anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. Accordingly, it can be used in the management of pain and inflammatory conditions. 

scholarly journals In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Diarrhoeal Activity of Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 757-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Mesaik ◽  
Hiap Wei Poh ◽  
Ooi Yan Bin ◽  
Izzaddinn Elawad ◽  
Badr Alsayed
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

BACKGROUND: Ziziphus jujuba belongs to family Rhamnaceae widely distributed in subtropical and tropical countries. It is used traditionally for several pharmacological purposes including anti-inflammation, antidiarrhoeal and antibacterial, as well as tonic and sometimes as hypnotic (sedative).AIM: To determine the in vivo antidiarrhoeal, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of Z. jujuba fruit ethanolic extract.METHOD: The fruit was macerated and extracted by 95% (v/v) ethanol. The antidiarrhoeal activity was evaluated using castor oil and Escherichia coli induced diarrhoea mouse model. The antidiarrhoeal and antibacterial activity was investigated at graded doses (400-1200 mg/kg). The anti-inflammatory effects were tested using the carrageenan-induced paw oedema in female Wistar rats. Rat’s treatment groups received tragacanth, 100 mg/kg diclofenac sodium, 800 mg/kg, 1200 mg/kg or 1600 mg/kg of an ethanolic extract of Z. jujuba (EEZJ). All treatment groups were fed with the compounds one hour before carrageenan injection at of rat’s paw. Also, the EEZJ was further analysed by HPLC-PDA system for identification of the presence of betulinic acid and quercetin.RESULTS: EEZJ different doses did not show inhibitory activity against castor oil induced diarrhoea except for the higher (1200 mg/kg) dose. However, the frequency of defecation of stools and watery stool were reduced significantly when compared to control group (P ≤ 0.05 and P ≤ 0.01 respectively), resulted in overall 67% inhibition of diarrhoea. Our anti-inflammatory results demonstrated that EEZJ was able to inhibit the carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats to a significant degree (p ≤ 0.05) and the paw volume and thickness of both left and right paw were affected compared to the negative control group.CONCLUSION: EEZJ possesses antidiarrhoeal and antibacterial activity in a dose depending manner and may provide a pharmacological basis for its clinical use in diarrheal diseases. The activity may partially be due to the presence of betulinic acid and quercetin.

scholarly journals Studies on the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Jatropha curcas leaf extract

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnny O. Olukunle ◽  
Olubukola T. Adenubi ◽  
Gbenga M. Oladele ◽  
Emmanuella A. Sogebi ◽  
Patience C. Oguntoke
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw

The anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the aqueous extract of Jatropha curcas leaves were investigated. Anti-inflammatory effect was studied using acute rat model (carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema) in which aspirin at 150 mg·kg-1, indomethacin at 10 mg·kg-1 (both are standard anti-inflammatory drugs) and aqueous extract of Jatropha curcas leaves at 150 mg·kg-1 were administered orally to 24 Wistar rats 1 h before induction of oedema and compared with a negative control given 10 ml·kg-1 saline. Using the same dose of the plant extract, the analgesic effect of the aqueous extract of Jatropha curcas leaves was also investigated by measuring the number of acetic acid-induced writhing in 18 mice. The mean percentage inhibition of paw volume of rats treated with indomethacin was 83.9% followed by aspirin treated group with 64.3%, and the Jatropha curcas treated group with 60.7%. The mean number of writhing was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in mice given aqueous extract of Jatropha curcas leaves (34.0) compared to the control group (55.8) but higher than that of the standard analgesic, paracetamol (23.5). This result suggests that Jatropha curcas has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties comparable with those of standard drugs and may be useful for the treatment of painful inflammatory conditions.

scholarly journals Melatonin menurunkan berat badan tetapi tidak menurunkan kadar TNF-α pada tikus wistar jantan yang diberi minyak jelantah selama 28 hari

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Anugrah Novianti ◽  
Edi Dharmana ◽  
Nyoman Suci Widyastiti
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Backgound: Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) occurs when the intake and free fatty acid synthesis occurs more frequently than its oxidation and resecretion in the blood. Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant that can boost the synthesis of endogenous antioxidants in the body, suppress the inflammatory response and inhibit the formation of steatosis.Objective: To analyze the effect of melatonin supplementation in reducing body weight andTNF-α levels in male Wistar rats were fed by waste cooking oil.Methods: True experimental studyusing post-test only control group design. This study was done on 18 male wistar rats were divided into 3 groups : the positive control group (P0) was administrated waste cooking oil, the treated group 1 (P1) was administrated waste cooking oil and 5mg/kgBW melatonin, and the treated group 2 (P2) was administrated waste cooking oil and 10mg/kgBW melatonin for 28 days.Data analysis using One Way ANOVA test and followed by Tukey test to determine the most effective dose of melatonin.Results: There was significant difference in body weightbetween P2group and K0 group (p=0,019) with the mean body weight difference was 19,167g lower than K0 group. There was no difference in TNF-α levels between the three groups (p=0,155). Conclusion: Melatonin dose of 10mg/kgBWloses body weight male Wistar rats have given by waste cooking oil for 28 days, but does not reduce TNF-α levels.

scholarly journals The effects of topical application of red pomegranate (Punica granatum Linn) extract gel on the healing process of traumatic ulcers in Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Sri Hernawati ◽  
Yonanda Az Zikra ◽  
Dwi Warna Aju Fatmawati
Keyword(s):  
Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Trauma-induced ulcers constitute one of the painful abnormalities affecting the oral cavity about which numerous individuals complain. The prevalence of traumatic ulcers (15-30% of cases) is relatively high compared to other oral lesions. Unfortunately, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs classified as steroids can lead to contraindications and serious side effects. Hence, the use of natural ingredients represents an alternative treatment. One such ingredient is red pomegranate containing bioactive elements acting as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antimicrobial, and antioxidant agents which accelerate the healing process in traumatic ulcers. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the topical application of red pomegranate (Punica granatum Linn) extract on the healing process in traumatic ulcers in Wistar rats. Methods: 24 male rats, aged 2-3 months, were divided into six groups, namely; two control groups (PC: triamcinolone acetonide and NC: sterile aquades) and four treatment groups (red pomegranate extract gel at respective concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50% and 75%). A traumatic ulcer was subsequently created using a flame-shaped burnisher tip 2mm in diameter and heated for ±15 seconds. The diameter traumatic ulcer of each research subject was measured and observed until it healed within the remedial parameters determined by means of a UNC-15 periodontal probe which had been placed on it. The data obtained was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Topically applied red pomegranate extract gel can reduce the width of the ulcerated area, while also accelerating traumatic ulcer healing. There was a significant difference in the healing time between the group using red pomegranate extract gel at a concentration of 75% and the positive control group using 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide with p=0.44 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Red pomegranate extract gel possesses the ability to accelerate the healing process in traumatic ulcers. The most effective concentration of red pomegranate extract gel at accelerating the healing process in traumatic ulcers is 75%.

scholarly journals Antinociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Combined Administration of a-tocopherol and Diclofenac

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Tasneema Juaira ◽  
Noorzahan Begum ◽  
Taskina Ali
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complications ◽  
Combined Administration ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as diclofenac are used for relief of pain and inflammation, but frequently cause gastrointestinal complications. This study aimed to explore that combination of diclofenac and ?-tocopherol (áT) are better analgesic as well as anti-inflammatory agent than that of diclofenac alone.Objective: To assess the effects of combination of diclofenac with á-tocopherol on pain and inflammation.Methods: This prospective experimental study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka between January to December 2013. For this purpose, 15 male Long Evans rats were studied. On the basis of vitamin and drug administrations, the rats were divided into three (3) groups (5 rats in each). Control group received normal saline, one experimental group received diclofenac sodium (DS) at a dose of 10 mg/kg/body weight, and another experimental group received combination of DS with áT at a dose of 10 mg/kg/body weight and 500mg/kg/body weight, respectively. All the groups received single dose and equal volume (1 ml) through intraperitoneal route 1 hour before the test. Just one hour after administrations, they were subjected to formalin test followed by formalin induced paw edema test. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA followed by Bonferroni Post Hoc test.Results: Combined administration of DS and áT significantly (p<0.001) lowered the variables for nociceptive pain, central analgesic activity, inflammatory pain and inflammation than individual intervention of DS.Conclusion: From this study it may be concluded that, combined administration of diclofenac sodium and ±-tocopherol were more effective in lowering pain and inflammation than individual administration of diclofenac.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2015, June; 10(1): 30-35

Tryptophan-Niacin Metabolism in Rat with Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Nephrosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukari Egashira ◽  
Shin Nagaki ◽  
Hiroo Sanada
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Puromycin Aminonucleoside ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Key Enzyme

We investigated the change of tryptophan-niacin metabolism in rats with puromycin aminonucleoside PAN-induced nephrosis, the mechanisms responsible for their change of urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites, and the role of the kidney in tryptophan-niacin conversion. PAN-treated rats were intraperitoneally injected once with a 1.0% (w/v) solution of PAN at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. The collection of 24-hour urine was conducted 8 days after PAN injection. Daily urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites, liver and blood NAD, and key enzyme activities of tryptophan-niacin metabolism were determined. In PAN-treated rats, the sum of urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites was significantly lower compared with controls. The kidneyα-amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) activity in the PAN-treated group was significantly decreased by 50%, compared with the control group. Although kidney ACMSD activity was reduced, the conversion of tryptophan to niacin tended to be lower in the PAN-treated rats. A decrease in urinary excretion of niacin and the conversion of tryptophan to niacin in nephrotic rats may contribute to a low level of blood tryptophan. The role of kidney ACMSD activity may be minimal concerning tryptophan-niacin conversion under this experimental condition.

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