scholarly journals Recognition and Legal Protection of Customary Law Society over Land

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-222
Author(s):  
Rosnidar Sembiring ◽  
Journal Manager APHA
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Identification Approach ◽  
Laws And Regulations

This paper aims at determining the recognition and legal protection of indigenous and tribal peoples on land and natural resources in the perspective of legislation. It uses normative research with literature identification approach, legislation such as Law Number 5 of 1960 on the Basic Regulations of Agrarian Principles (BRAP), and other laws and relevant regulations to this research. The data collected from primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials are analyzed qualitatively, systematically arranged and presented descriptively. Basically the recognition and legal protection of indigenous and tribal peoples has been determined in Article 3 of the BRAP and Article 18 B paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution and other sect oral laws and regulations, it is just that there is no synchronization or harmonization between various sectoral laws and regulations governing the recognition and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL REGULATION OF USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES IN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
А.H. Riabtsova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
The Russian Empire

The formation and development of legal regulation of the use of natural resources in economic activity is analyzed. It is established that certain aspects of the legal regulation of the use of some natural resources can be found in Ruska Pravda, which was carried out mainly for tax purposes. The development of legislation on the use of natural resources in the Middle Ages and during the stay of Ukraine as part of the Russian Empire is analyzed. It is established that the use of natural resources on Ukrainian lands during their stay in the Polish-Lithuanian principality was regulated mainly by customary law. Agrarian reform was carried out as a result of the adoption of the act “Ustav na Voloky” (1557). In addition, in 1567 the Forest Charter was adopted, which was one of the first acts in Europe in the field of forest protection and use. It is substantiated that until the twentieth century there was a rather fragmentary regulation of the protection and preservation of natural resources, mainly with a view to protecting the ownership of certain natural objects, especially land. The regulation of the use of natural resources in economic activity in the Soviet period and after the declaration of independence is studied. Among the first acts adopted after the revolution was the “Decree on Land” of November 8, 1917, according to which the land became state property. However, only since the 60 of the last century special laws have been adopted aimed at legal protection of nature. Normative-legal acts of independent Ukraine from the standpoint of regulating the use of natural resources in eco- no mic activity are systematized into three groups: normative acts regulating economic activity in general and certain aspects of natural resources protection; regulations that mainly regulate the protection of natural resources in general and estab lish certain principles of their use in economic activities; regulations governing the protection and use of certain types of natural resources, including in economic activities. In addition, the periodization of the historical development of legislative regulation of the use of natural resources in economic activity is suggested.

scholarly journals Legal Development of Coastal Marine Management Based on the Idea of Pancasila

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Jantje Tjiptabudy
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
The State ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Marine Management ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Marine Areas

In relation to the positive law, the management of marine and coastal natural resources, there is also the rule of customary law. Customary law that still lives and develops in indigenous peoples also regulates the management system and utilization of natural resources in coastal and marine areas. Recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples is constitutionally contained in the 1945 Constitution of the State of the Republic of Indonesia where the state recognizes the existence of the Customary Law Community. In Maluku, marine potency management in general is still done traditionally known as marine customary rights that have been going on for generations but not yet fully recognized either by the government or entrepreneurs who are actually important partners in the development process.

scholarly journals HAK KOMUNAL ATAS TANAH SEBAGAI HAK ATAS TANAH DESA PAKRAMAN DI BALI

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Made Oka Cahyadi Wiguna
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Law System ◽  
Village Leader ◽  
Communal Land ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government

The government has indeed provided legal protection and certainty to indigenous peoples regarding their ulayat lands, through a Ministerial Regulation. However, it needs to be studied more deeply about the concept of communal rights to land and Pakraman village as the subject of communal rights holders on land. Communal rights to land are conceptualized as models of land rights that have just been raised in the national land law system. The consequence is that indigenous and tribal peoples as communal rights holders are authorized to use and benefit from their communal land. Pakraman village qualifies as a subject of communal rights to land because Pakraman village in Bali is classified into the community of the community, has a system of customary government referred to as the traditional prajuru led by a customary village leader. Then Pakraman village has a legal area called the Palemahan Pakraman village. As an instrument that regulates the life and social interaction of the community, awig-awig is the customary law of the community in a Pakraman village in Bali.

International Law, Indigenous Land Rights, and Israel

Emptied Lands ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Kedar ◽  
Ahmad Amara ◽  
Oren Yiftachel
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
International Labor ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Status ◽  
United Nations Declaration

This chapter explores the development of international law on indigeneity. It reviews the legal protections endowed by key documents, such as International Labor Organizations Convention No. 169 and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). The chapter also provides a short comparative legal perspective on land rights of indigenous peoples which helps to situate the Israeli case within other settler colonial situations and to address the status of the relevant international legislation and norms. It concludes that several components of the UNDRIP have gained a status of international customary law, and hence with growing relevance to Israeli jurisprudence and to the Bedouins. The chapter ends by addressing the question of indigenous peoples’ rights in Israeli law and how Israeli basic laws should expand to incorporate the legal protection of the Bedouins.

scholarly journals Forest Management Based on Local Culture of Dayak Kotabaru in the Perspective of Customary Law for a Sustainable Future and Prosperity of the Local Community

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifrani ◽  
Abby ◽  
Barkatullah ◽  
Nurhayati ◽  
Said
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
The Government ◽  
Future Policy

Forest management in Indonesia has not yet been able to realize the constitutional mandate which was followed by uncontrolled forest destruction. Implementing a good forest government system is necessary. Therefore, it is essential to give indigenous peoples the authority to play a more critical role in forest management in the future. This study aims to find a form of sustainable forest management and sanctions for the perpetrators of forest destruction based on Dayak Kotabaru’s indigenous people. This study uses the normative juridical method that focuses on data in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. While the objectives of this study are to review and describe the problems due to the absence of legal protection for customary rights, we also examine the extent of forest management by the Dayak Kotabaru’s customary law and seek to formulate forest management solutions in Indonesia based on the local culture as a prescriptive future policy. The results of this study indicate that a large amount of permits, given by the government to the private sector for forests in possession of indigenous peoples, are overlapping and as a result have increasingly marginalized the indigenous community and acted as a drawback to development. Forest management through the local culture, such as the Bera system in Dayak Kotabaru, can be beneficial for the local community, because locals will enjoy the production of farms and gardens, the soil will be naturally fertile because of a four year interlude, and the forest will remain sustainable as less forest area is cut down.

scholarly journals Reinforcement of the Papuan Traditional Communal Rights for the Control of Land and Natural Resources

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Alwiyah Sakti Ramdhon Syah Rakia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Customary Rights ◽  
Research Type

The ulayat rights of Papuan customary law communities over control of land and natural resources are rights granted by laws and regulations with a number of special powers. This study aims to analyze and provide a conception of strengthening the customary rights of the Papuan customary law community to control over land and natural resources. This research method uses a normative-juridical legal research type, which refers to the legal norms of legislation (statute approach), as well as legal theories and principles as supporters. This research is descriptiveanalytical, using qualitative analysis methods. The results of this study indicate that although the regulation of the customary rights of the Papuan customary law community has been in place for a long time, there are some basic things that need to be considered. Several regulations in the Perdasus do not represent the Papua Special Autonomy Law and tend to be contradictory. These provisions raise a number of problems for the Papuan indigenous peoples with regard to land ownership and the use of natural resources.

scholarly journals PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM HAK-HAK MASYARAKAT HUKUM ADAT TERHADAP DAMPAK NEGATIF ILLEGAL LOGGING

Solusi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-246
Author(s):  
Wicaksono Putra Hariyadi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Forest Damage ◽  
Illegal Logging ◽  
The Law ◽  
Negative Impacts

Forest damage due to illegal logging and logging is known as illegal logging. Legal protection of the rights of indigenous and tribal peoples to the negative impacts of illegal logging based on the concept of national law and customary law can be done by protecting the interests of indigenous peoples, particularly through legislation, namely Article 67 Article (1) (2) and (3) of the Law Law No. 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry. The need for legal protection for indigenous peoples is vulnerable to violations or neglect of their human rights. The state has the responsibility to promote, protect and uphold human rights against its citizens.

scholarly journals Reinforcement of the Papuan traditional communal rights for the Control of Land and Natural Resources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sakti Ramdhon Syah R.
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Customary Rights ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Ownership Rights

The Papuan traditional communal rights for the Control of Land and Natural Resources, are rights granted by legislation with a number of special authorities. This study aims to analyze and provide a conception about Reinforcement of the Papuan traditional communal rights for the Control of Land and Natural Resources. This research method uses the type of normative-juridical legal research, which refers to the legal norms of statutory approach, as well as legal theories and principles as supporters. This research is descriptive-analytical, using qualitative analysis methods. The results of this study indicate that although the regulation of the customary rights of customary law communities in Papua has been enforced for a long time, but there are some fundamental things that need attention. First, there is no enforceable ownership rights over the land by the customary law community or Papuan individual indigenous people to land that has been owned by other individuals or legal entities, since the enactment of Perdasus. Second, the utilization of natural resources together must use business entities, without considering the skills of indigenous peoples in general are relatively low in relation to the format of business entities. Third, the lack of attention to the development of human resources in the utilization of natural resources.

scholarly journals PENGAKUAN MASYARAKAT HUKUM ADAT DAN PERLINDUNGAN WILAYAH ADAT DI KABUPATEN REJANG LEBONG

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 313
Author(s):  
JT Pareke ◽  
Fahmi Arisandi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Social Unit ◽  
Legal Subject ◽  
Indigenous Territories

ABSTRAKPemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Rejang Lebong telah menerbitkan Peraturan Daerah No. 5 Tahun 2018 tentang Pengakuan dan Perlindungan Masyarakat Hukum Adat di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan siapa unit sosial yang diakui dan apa fungsi peraturan dearah tersebut bagi perlindungan wilayah adat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, yaitu penelitian hukum yang dilakukan dengan cara meneliti bahan kepustakaan atau data sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kesimpulan bahwa: Pertama: Kutei adalah unit sosial asli yang diakui dalam Peraturan Daerah No. 5 Tahun 2018 tentang Pengakuan dan Perlindungan Masyarakat Hukum Adat di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong, pengakuan tersebut adalah pengakuan kutei sebagai subyek hukum dan dapat dibebani hak dan kewajiban. Kedua: Peraturan daerah tersebut berfungsi juga untuk melindungi wilayah adat mereka karena menyebutkan kewajiban dari masyarakat hukum adat untuk menjaga kelestarian lingkungan hidup dan sumber daya alam secara berkelanjutan sebagaimana telah diatur dalam hukum adat rejang.Kata kunci: masyarakat hukum adat; pengakuan; perlindungan.ABSTRACTRejang Lebong Regency Government has issued Regional Regulation No. 5 of 2018 concerning Recognition and Protection of Customary Law Communities in Rejang Lebong Regency. This research was conducted to describe who the recognized social unit is and what is the function of the regional regulation for the protection of indigenous territories. This study uses a normative juridical approach, which is legal research conducted by examining literature or secondary data. The results of this study indicate the conclusion that: First: Kutei is an original social unit that is recognized in Regional Regulation No. 5 of 2018 concerning Recognition and Protection of Customary Law Communities in Rejang Lebong Regency, the recognition is recognition of kutei as a legal subject and can be burdened with rights and obligations. Second: The regional regulation also functions to protect their customary territories because it states the obligations of indigenous and tribal peoples to preserve the environment and natural resources in a sustainable manner as stipulated in the customary law of the rejang.Keywords: indigenous peoples; recognition; protection.

scholarly journals Penerapan Asas Pemisahan Horizontal Pada Hak Pakai Bagi Orang Asing di Indonesia

Media Iuris ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Alfian Adam Naafiu ◽  
Nian Qisthi Kristalin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
The Status ◽  
Residential House ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Horizontal Scheiding is the principle that adopted from customary law, used in the establishment of Undang-Undang Number 5 of 1960 on Peraturan Dasar Pokok-Pokok Agraria as well as related legislation. Horizontal Scheiding provides legal protection for owner of Hak atas Tanah with respect to buildings and/or objects thereon.The creation of laws and regulations that regulate matters related to the ownership of a residential or residential house by foreigners who are domiciled in Indonesia, provides an opportunity for foreigners to be able to have Hak atas Tanah in Indonesia, namely Hak Pakai as stipulated in the Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Number 18 of 2021 concerning Hak Pengelolaan, Hak Atas Tanah, Satuan Rumah Susun, dan Pendaftaran Tanah.In the case of foreigners who can own Hak atas Tanah with the status of Hak Pakai, if the Hak Pakai expire then foreigners are required to return the land according to the status of Hak atas Tanah that they are occupy, including it can lead to the demolition of buildings built on the Hak atas Tanah that have been obtained with or without being able to ask for compensation unless agreed in the land use agreement.Keywords: Horizontal Scheiding; Hak Pakai; Foreigners.Asas Pemisahan Horizontal merupakan asas yang diserap dari hukum adat yang digunakan dalam pembentukan Undang – Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-pokok Agraria serta Peraturan Perundang-undangan terkait. Asas Pemisahan Horizontal memberikan perlindungan hukum bagi pemegang hak atas tanah terhadap kaitannya dengan bangunan dan/atau benda-benda diatasnya. Lahirnya Peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur hal-hal terkait dengan pemilikan rumah tempat tinggal atau hunian oleh orang asing yang berkedudukan di Indonesia, memberikan kesempatan bagi orang asing untuk dapat memiliki hak atas tanah di Indonesia yakni Hak Pakai sebagaimana ketentuan dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2021 tentang Hak Pengelolaan, Hak Atas Tanah, Satuan Rumah Susun, dan Pendaftaran Tanah.Dalam hal orang asing yang dapat memiliki hak atas tanah dengan status tanah Hak Pakai, apabila Hak Pakai berakhir maka bagi orang asing wajib mengembaikan tanahnya sebagaimana status hak atas tanah yang ditumpangi tersebut termasuk dapat mengarah pada pembongkaran bangunan yang dibangun diatas hak atas tanah yang diperoleh, dengan atau tanpa dapat memohonkan ganti kerugian kecuali diperjanjikan dalam perjanjian penggunaan tanah.Kata Kunci: Asas pemisahan Horizontal; Hak Pakai; Orang Asing.

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