scholarly journals HIỆN TRẠNG SẢN XUẤT LÚA VÀ XỬ LÝ RƠM RẠ SAU THU HOẠCH Ở TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 2720-2726
Author(s):  
Trần Thị Xuân Phương ◽  
Hoàng Trọng Nghĩa ◽  
Hồ Đăng Khoa ◽  
Tôn Thất Các ◽  
Phùng Viên ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Extension Center

Điều tra thực trạng sản xuất lúa và vấn đề xử lý rơm rạ sau thu hoạch tại Thừa Thiên Huế được thực hiện thông qua phỏng vấn nông hộ ở xã Thủy Phù (thị xã Hương Thủy) và xã Hương Toàn (thị xã Hương Trà). Tiến hành điều tra 80 hộ nông dân bằng phiếu hỏi lập sẵn, kết quả cho thấy: Diện tích sản xuất lúa của các nông hộ đều phân bố rải rác với quy mô chủ yếu <5000 m2 (chiếm 77,5%). Cơ cấu giống lúa đa dạng với 16 giống và đã mạnh dạn canh tác các giống lúa mới. Các nông hộ ở địa điểm điều tra bón phân vô cơ cho lúa ở mức cao hơn so với quy trình khuyến cáo của Trung tâm Khuyến nông lâm ngư Thừa Thiên Huế. Các loại phân vô cơ được trộn lẫn với nhau và bón tập trung trong 4 đợt (bón lót và 3 lần bón thúc). Nông dân cũng sử dụng phân hữu cơ vi sinh Sông Hương và Quế Lâm để bón lót cho cây lúa nhưng tỷ lệ hộ áp dụng chưa nhiều (22,5% ở Thủy Phù và 12,5% ở Hương Toàn) và lượng bón còn thấp (500 kg/ha). Đa số nông hộ thu hoạch lúa bằng máy gặp đập liên hợp. Tùy tập quán từng vùng mà chiều cao gốc rạ để lại sau thu hoạch có khác nhau từ 20 - 30 cm (ở Hương Toàn) và >30 cm (ở Thủy Phù). Hình thức xử lý rơm rạ của người dân chủ yếu là đốt trực tiếp, vùi lấp và xử lý bằng chế phẩm. ABSTRACT  Investigating the current situation of rice production and the treatment of rice straw after harvest was conducted by interview households at two location, namely Thuy Phu and Huong Toan commune in Thua Thien Hue province. The samples of the survey were 80 farm households. Results indicated that the rice production area of the households was scatteredly distributed with the main scale of <5000 m2 (77.5%). The structure of rice varieties was quite diverse with 16 varieties and new rice varieties were actively cultivated. The amount of inorganic fertilizer was applied at a higher level than recommended by the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Extension Center in Thua Thien Hue. Inorganic fertilizers were mixed together and applied in four times including the basal fertilizer and three times application. Farmers also used Song Huong Organic fertilizers and Que Lam Organic fertilizers for fertilizing but the number of households applying it was not much (22,5% at Thuy Phu and 12,5% Huong Toan) with the level of investment was still low (500 kg/ha). Harvesting rice was conducted by the combine harvester. Depending upon the custom of each region, the height of the stubble was left behind different with 30 cm in Thuy Phu and 20 - 30 cm in Huong Toan. The form of rice straw treatment of farmers was direct burning, backfilling and treatment by using probiotics.        

scholarly journals Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on the Quantitative and Qualitative Parameters of Rice (Oriza sativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
P. Sharada ◽  
P. Sujathamma
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Essential Nutrients ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers

Rice is the most important staple cereals in human nutrition and consumed by 75% of the global population. Rice plant needs supply of essential nutrients for its optimal growth. Rice production has been increased tremendously in India after green revolution combined with insensitive irrigation and use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides. However, the effect of using inorganic fertilizers has resulted in contamination of ground water and decreased the productivity of soil, which in turn affects the rice production in long term. Use of organic manure may help to regain the soil health but they are insufficient to provide the essential nutrients to achieve optimal growth. So, use of organic manures combine with inorganic fertilizers are followed to obtain optimum yields. This study aimed to test the effect of the different organic fertilizer and combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the qualitative and quantitative parameters of two cultivars of rice as DRR Dhan 39 and RP.BIO.226. The experiment was conducted on the farm located at Fasalwadi village, Sangareddy district, Telangana during kharif season in randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatment included two controls and 10 combinations of four organic fertilizers as farmyard manure, vermicompost, Panchagavya, Jeevamrutha and inorganic fertilizers as combination of 60:75:75 levels of N, P and K. Grain and straw samples were collected and physical parameters were measured at harvest stage. The results indicated that the variety DRR Dhan 39 gave the statistically significant (P<0.0001) higher grain yield of 8713 kg/ha and straw yield of 9483kg/ha with 50% organic fertilizers of Vermicompost, Jeevamrutha 5% and Panchagavya 3% and 50% inorganic fertilizer of NPK. On the other hand, the variety of RP.BIO.226 gave the highest grain yield of 6390 kg/ha with Vermicompost, Jeevamrutha 5% and Panchagvya 3% (8 t/ha, foliar spray and 500 litres/ha) and highest straw yield of 7430 kg/ha with T10 treatment (50% organic fertilizers of Vermicompost, Jeevamrutha 5% and Panchagavya 3% and 50% inorganic fertilizer of NPK). Both varieties of rice poorly responded to inorganic fertilizers with lower grain and straw yield. Statistically significant differences were observed in both varieties of grain crude protein (CP%), straw acid detergent fiber (ADF%), crude fiber (CF%) and acid detergent lignin (ADL%) with different fertilizers

scholarly journals REVIEW ON ADOPTION, TREND, POTENTIAL, AND CONSTRAINTS OF RICE PRODUCTION TO LIVELIHOOD IN ETHIOPIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 644-658
Author(s):  
Tamirat Belayneh ◽  
Jember Tekle
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Production Area ◽  
The Government

Cultivation of rice in Ethiopia is generally a recent phenomenon it was started first at Fogera and Gambella Plains in the early 1970’s, which is preceded by its utilization as a food crop. Hence the present review was to review on adoption, Trend, potential, and constraints of rice production to livelihood in Ethiopia. Although rice was introduced to the country very recently, it has proven to be a crop that can assure food security in Ethiopia. It is reported that the potential rice production area in Ethiopia is estimated to be about thirty million hectares. Since 2006, Ethiopian rice production trends show increases in both area and productivity. Considering the importance and potential of the crop, it has been recognized by the Government as “the new millennium crop of Ethiopia” to attain food security. Rice has become a commodity of strategic significance across many parts of Ethiopia for domestic consumption as well as export market for economic development. Due to the introduction of upland and irrigated rice varieties in the country, rice farming has increased from time to time. There has been twelve upland/lowland NERICAs and Sativa-type, and three irrigated rice varieties released in Ethiopia from 1999 up to 2007. However, Ethiopian rice sector still faces remaining challenges such as high competition with imported rice, poor infrastructure, insufficient mechanization and post-harvest processing technologies, lack of skilled manpower and research facilities, poor marketing infrastructure, and channels. Therefore, building the capacity of the research community, experts, smallholder farmers and the private sector is necessary not only to further increase production but also to improve the quality of rice products through better post-harvest handling and processing.

scholarly journals Tanggap Tiga Varietas Padi Sawah terhadap Kombinasi Pemupukan dengan Sistem Pembenaman Jerami

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Tri Herdiyanti ◽  
Sugiyanta , ◽  
Hajrial Aswidinnoor
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Straw Incorporation

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Degradation of soil fertility due to inaccurate  application of fertilizer become one of the factors causing the stagnant rice productivity improvement in Indonesia. Straw incorporation, organic fertilizers and biofertilizers applications potentially reduces a rates of inorganic fertilizers and improves soil fertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate growth and yield of 3 lowland rice varieties (high yielding variety, new plant type, and local variety) in response to reduce NPK rates with straw incorporation, organic fertilizer, and biofertilizer in 7th planting season. The research was conducted at rice field in Karawang, West Java, from April-August 2013. The research was arranged in split plot randomized block design with 3 replications. The main plot was fertilizer application consisted of 10 treatments (combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers), while the sub plot was rice varieties (Ciherang, IPB 3S, and Mentik Wangi). The application of inorganic fertilizer, 400 kg NPK 30-6-8 ha-1, was control treatment. Plot size was 6.5 m x 10 m, with a double row spacing (25 cm x 15 cm x 50 cm). The result showed that growth of the three varieties was not significantly different so as the yield at 50% reduced NPK rate with incorporation of straw, organic fertilizer and biofertilizer. Adding of solid and liquid organic fertilizer, and biofertilizers on treatment of straw incorporation + 50% NPK rate was unnecessary due to insignificant yield increase.</p><p>Keywords: Ciherang, fertilizer, IPB 3S, local variety, Mentik Wangi, new plant type</p>

scholarly journals Organic fertilization for optimizing dryland rice production

2019 ◽  
pp. 1318-1326
Author(s):  
Gusmiatun ◽  
A.D Murtado ◽  
Neni Marlina
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
New Variety ◽  
New Varieties

Productivity of local upland rice varieties are usually low, making farmers refrain to cultivate upland rice. This resulted in the low contribution of upland rice in production. However, farmers are still planting upland varieties of rice because of their desirability and adaptation to the environment. Therefore, we always need to develop new varieties that have high production and flavors that suit the tastes of society. The key to increase production of variety is providing sufficient nutrients during the growing period. This study aims to accelerate the availability of nutrients of organic fertilizer for the production of new upland varieties with high productivity. The study carried out in two phases and three different locations. All stages of research was setup in the field using Grid Design Divided (split plot design). In the phase-1, we determined the dose, 5, 10, and 15 tons/ha of organic fertilizer, as well as the adaptability of new varieties (genotype JT-DR-G-416 and parental varieties Jati Luhur and Dayang Rindu). The results of phase-1 showed that best dose was 15 tons/ha. Then we proceeded to the phase-2, which aimed to determine the best management practice to provide organic fertilizers such as: C1= organic fertilizer spread directly on planting plots, C2 = organic fertilizer spread over the terraced planting, then sprayed EM-4, C3 = composted organic fertilizer spread on the plots before planting. The variables measured for the study at phase-1 and phase-2 included plant height (cm), number of productive tillers/hill, the number of grains/panicle, 1000 grain weight (g), percent grain hollow/panicle (%), and grain yield per clump (g). The results showed that the new variety/genotype JT-DR-G-416 can adapt better than both parents at upland field conditions. The production of JT-DR-G-416 was increased by 7.75%, when 15 tonnes/ha of organic fertilizers was applied. Application of composted organic fertilizer could increase production by 33.22%, compared to without compost. Application of organic fertilizers followed by giving a solution of microorganisms (EM-4) could improve upland rice production by 30.56 to 32.06%.

scholarly journals Equipment Performance, Costs and Constraints of Packaging and Transporting Rice Straw for Alternative Uses to Burning in the “Parc Natural l’Albufera de València” (Spain)

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Antonio Torregrosa ◽  
Juan Miguel Giner ◽  
Borja Velázquez-Martí
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Cereal Straw ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Competitive Product ◽  
Equipment Performance

Rice straw is a residue that causes significant environmental problems, as burning it causes CO2 and ash emissions, while buried waste can cause issues associated with eutrophication. The extraction of straw from fields for alternative uses may contribute to solving these problems, but research into its economic viability is necessary. The straw can be used for crop mulching, biofuel, bedding for livestock, and so on. In this study, we analyse the work carried out by straw harvesting machines (rakes, balers, bundlers, and loaders) and calculate the costs of packing, road-siding, and transportation of the straw from the rice fields to stockage points in the producer area, as well as to locations outside of the rice production area, in order to assess the viability. The costs of all elemental operations were calculated. The costs of all the operations included between raking and unloading in the producer area stocking point ranged between 28.1 and 51 EUR t−1. These costs were compared with the price of rain-fed cereal straw (wheat and barley), which is the most abundant, noting that the years in which rain-fed cereal straw reached high prices, rice straw could serve as a competitive product; however, in years when the former is cheap, it would be necessary to subsidise the harvesting of rice straw.

scholarly journals The effect of straw compost on nutrient uptake and yield of rice in newly opened and intensive lowland

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 01032
Author(s):  
Ismon Lenin ◽  
Widia Siska ◽  
Eka Mirnia
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers

The objectives of this research were to determine the effect of natural materials added to the rice straw fermentation process; and to find the best formula for organic fertilizers to increase nutrient uptake, growth, and rice grain yield in newly opened and intensive lowland. The research was conducted at West Sumatra AIAT’s laboratory and lowlands at Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia from July to December 2017. The first research included three formulas of organic fertilizers and the second included six treatments produced from the first research. The results showed that increasing amount of titonia from 200 kg to 400 kg and rock phosphate from 5 kg to 20 kg per ton of rice straw increased compost’s nitrogen and phosphorus content of the compost from 1.22% to 1.36%, and from 0.75% to 1.68% respectively. Application of compost without inorganic fertilizers in newly opened lowland decreased 23% of yield and increased 4.7% yield when combined with inorganic fertilizers. The combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers increased 10-12% yield and decreased 10% of yield without inorganic fertilizers in intensive lowland. Application of organic fertilizer without inorganic fertilizers not significantly influenced the growth. Combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers is the best way to increase lowland rice yield.

scholarly journals Effects of introduction of combine harvester and flatbed dryer on milling quality of three glutinous rice varieties in Lao PDR

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khamtay Vongxayya ◽  
Darunee Jothityangkoon ◽  
Danuphol Ketthaisong ◽  
Jaquie Mitchell ◽  
Phetmanyseng Xangsayyasane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Milling Quality ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
Combine Harvester

Exposure of Gambian children to Anopheles gambiae malaria vectors in an irrigated rice production area

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. LINDSAY ◽  
J. R. M. ARMSTRONG SCHELLENBERG ◽  
H. A. ZEILER ◽  
R. J. DALY ◽  
F. M. SALUM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Production Area

Adoption of improved rice varieties by farmers in Bende local government area of Abia state

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-215
Author(s):  
JC Ijioma ◽  
CK Osundu
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
State Government ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Farmers

The study investigated the adoption of improved rice varieties by farmers in Bende Local Government Area, Abia State, Nigeria. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select a total of 120 rice farmers. Descriptive statistics and tobit regression model were employed to analyze the data. Results showed that cumulatively 73.3% of the farmers fell within the age range of 20-50 years, most (86.7%) of the rice farmers were literate. More than half (57.5%) of the rice farmers are females. Result further indicated that 43.3% had household sizes of 5-8 persons. A fair proportion (33.3%) had been in rice production for 11-15 years, while majority (73.3%) belongs to farmers’ associations. Fairly good (51.6%) were aware of the improved rice varieties and used it, while a substantial number (93.3%) number of the farmers cultivated swamp rice. MAS 240 variety (mean=3.13), Faro 7 variety (mean=2.95), Faro II variety (mean=2.75), Faro 8 variety (mean=2.70.) and Faro 48 variety (mean=2.68) were highly adopted by farmers in the area. The Chi square value of 7.290 was significant at 1.0% probability level and indicates goodness of fit of the model used. Coefficient of age (-0.023), and gender (-1.967) were negative and significant at 10.0% and 1.0% level of probability respectively. The coefficient of education level (0.041), farm size (0.940), farming experience (0.206) and membership of farmers’ association (0.168) were significant at 5.0% and were positively related to adoption of improved rice varieties. Farmers encountered various problems of paucity of funds (35.8%), scarcity of inputs (22.5%), and dearth of information (20.89). Based on these findings it was recommended that rice farmers should form cooperative societies to enable them raise funds for buying agricultural equipment to boost rice production. More young male farmers should be sensitized and motivated by the state government to take up rice production since female farmers dominate rice production in the area. Extension agencies should increase the level of information dissemination and teaching to the rice farmers’ clientele.Key words: Adoption, Improved Varieties, Rice

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