scholarly journals THE ARCHITECTURE OF BANKING INSTITUTIONS IN KHARBIN IN THE FIRST THIRD OF THE 20th CENTURY

Author(s):  
Mikhail E. Bazilevich ◽  
Anton A. Kim

The article is devoted to the architecture of Harbin's banking institutions built from 1898 to the mid-1930s. We briefly review the city’s urban planning landscape and the emergence of the banking system in northeast China, which largely determined the architecture of objects of this type and their localization in the urban structure of Harbin. The spatial layout and stylistic features of the bank buildings built in the New Town and Pier districts and in Harbin’s satellite town of Fujadian are examined. The importance of these objects for the development of the city's main streets is emphasized.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-116
Author(s):  
Nataliya N. VOLOGDINA ◽  
Mikhail A. VOLODIN

The narrative motive of the study is the fact of the infl uence of the garden and park ensembles’ construction on the development of cities. The historical periods of the highest fl owering of culture, philosophy, aesthetic ideas, and the development of construction skills have been selected for the work. The authors of the article draw att ention to the theoretical works of the 20th century in Western civilization, considering the city as a natural system. Their connection with the concepts of the 16th- 19th centuries in England, France, Italy, and France is affi rmed. The idea of the city as a natural system is revealed through images and metaphors, which help to understand the place of public landscapes in the history of civilization. The article presents the garden-park complexes, the creation of which changed the urban planning paradigm, initiated the construction of new cities, promoted the replacement of obsolete or lost elements of urban structure. The author suggests the classifi cation of landscape complexes according to their role in the development of urban planning and their infl uence on the artistic culture, architecture and morphology of the city.


Author(s):  
Silvija Ozola

The Balts received God’s counsel and energy and regained health in energetically strong places but the Latvian worldview formed on the thousands of years was encoded in the Lielvārde belt, which is Latvian womenfolk costume’s element. Bishop (1199–1229) Albert founded the town of Riga for the Riga Bishopric centre on the right bank of the Daugava.It was the four-part Riga Old Town semicircledivided by two main streets as the cross.Soon after the Great Fire in 1214, the construction ofthe Riga Cathedralbegan tocreate sacral urban space in areasof the Old Town and the New Town of Riga (in nova civitate Rige).Now, eastwards of Lielvārde, landscape artist Shunmyō Masuno from Japan has visualized the Garden of Destiny, where people obtainsolace to the past, strength to the present and inspiration to follow dreams in the future. Through this set of relationships, architecture maintains the cosmological connection and dialogue with all the scales of the World. Research object: Latvian places for the worship of God.Research goal: analysis of Latvian urban sacral space. Research problem: common and different features of the sacral space of the Latvians and other nations have been little studied. Research novelty: detailed studies of generative design of sacral spaces and contemporary places of worship in Latvia. Research methods: analysis of archive documents, cartographic and urban planning materials, a study of published literature and inspection of sacral places in nature.


2017 ◽  
pp. 123-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ageeva ◽  
A. Mishura

We examine the spatial distribution of banks in Russian regions to identify the factors that affect changing territorial architecture of the banking system. The object of the study is dynamics of the number of commercial banks and their branches in 1991-2016. Besides the well-known tendency of concentration of the banking business in Moscow and reducing the number of banks in other regions we analyzed situation in the federal districts taking as an example the Siberian Federal District. This approach allowed us to formulate hypotheses about the causes of differences in the availability of banking institutions in Russian regions.


PANALUNGTIK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Nanang Saptono

The capital of Ciamis Regency has experienced several displacements. During the reign of Raden Adipati Aria Kusumadiningrat the development of the capital was encouraged to develop into a city. After the kulturstelsel era, many European capitalists invested in Ciamis. At the beginning of the 20th century economic infrastructure, especially the means of distribution of commodities is much needed. Building economic facilities have sprung up in several locations in Ciamis. Such conditions result in the development of the city. This study aims to get a picture of the spatial layout of Ciamis and the city development process. The research method applied descriptive research. Data collection is done through direct observation in the field and accompanied by the utilization of instrument in the form of ancient maps. In the area of Ciamis City there are still some old building objects that can be used as a spatial bookmark of the city. At a glance the city's development spontaneously, but visible on the basis of existing infrastructure, in the 20th century the city of Ciamis showed a planned city. The growth of Ciamis city is of course influenced by several factors including economic and geographical factors.Keywords: city, layout, planned, industrial area


Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Dolores Brandis García

Since the late 20th century major, European cities have exhibited large projects driven by neoliberal urban planning policies whose aim is to enhance their position on the global market. By locating these projects in central city areas, they also heighten and reinforce their privileged situation within the city as a whole, thus contributing to deepening the centre–periphery rift. The starting point for this study is the significance and scope of large projects in metropolitan cities’ urban planning agendas since the final decade of the 20th century. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the correlation between the various opposing conservative and progressive urban policies, and the projects put forward, for the city of Madrid. A study of documentary sources and the strategies deployed by public and private agents are interpreted in the light of a process during which the city has had a succession of alternating governments defending opposing urban development models. This analysis allows us to conclude that the predominant large-scale projects proposed under conservative policies have contributed to deepening the centre–periphery rift appreciated in the city.


Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1375-1387
Author(s):  
Jiazhen Zhang ◽  
Jeremy Cenci ◽  
Vincent Becue

As the material carrier of industrial heritage, industrial landscape planning integrates industrial heritage, post-industrial, and industrial tourism landscapes. In this study, we define the concept of industrial landscape planning. As a subsystem of urban planning, we study industrial landscape planning by using the theories and methods of urban planning. As an example, we consider Belgium and identify the main categories of industrial landscape planning as industrial heritage landscape and industrial tourism landscape. We use an ArcGIS spatial analysis tool and kernel density calculations and reveal the characteristics of four clusters of industrial heritage spatial layout in Belgium, which match its located industrial development route. Each cluster has unique regional characteristics that were spontaneously formed according to existing social and natural resources. At the level of urban planning, there is a lack of unified re-creation. Urban planning is relatively separated from the protection of industrial heritage in Belgium.


Upravlenets ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 2-15
Author(s):  
Georgy Kleiner ◽  
Maksim Rybachuk ◽  
Venera Karpinskaya

The paper examines the problems and factors in the development of ecosystems in the financial sector and related sectors of economy. It demonstrates the prospects for expanding the population of ecosystems in both the global financial market and the Russian banking system. Special focus is on two main prerequisites for the ecosystem development: digitalization of the entire economy and the emergence of innovative information-communication technologies in the financial sector (fintech). The study aims to juxtapose theoretical concepts and definitions of ecosystem with the real practice in Russia and the prospects for the development of ecosystems in the financial sector in order to produce recommendations on activating and regulating the transition from a traditional to an ecosystem economic model. Methodologically, the research rests on system economic theory, which implies that economy is a field for creating, interacting and developing socio-economic systems of various kinds – object-, process-, project- and environment-based systems. Within the framework of this approach, an ecosystem includes: an organizational component represented by a cluster as an object-based subsystem; infrastructure – an information-technological platform as an environment-based subsystem; communication and logistics component – a network as a process-based subsystem; innovative component – a business incubator as a project-based subsystem. Ecosystems in the financial sector are analyzed for compliance with this requirements. We scrutinize the case of FinTech Association as the most technologically advanced community of banking institutions. The research methods are content analysis, ranking score and logical grouping of research objects. The findings show that it is expedient to create a regulating institution that combines the functions similar to those of the FAS of the RF and the Central Bank of the RF in relation to the ecosystems’ activities.


2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (55) ◽  
pp. 980-1005
Author(s):  
Tiago Santos

Considerando a dinâmica e a estrutura urbana de Belém no início do século XXI como expressão da acumulação das intervenções urbanas e das práticas de planejamento e gestão do espaço da cidade, analisa-se a genealogia do planejamento urbano para compreender a produção de um espaço que tem como característica a negação da natureza e a produção da desigualdade entre classes sociais. Nesse aspecto, identificou-se três períodos específicos que produziram impactos significativos na produção do espaço urbano de Belém: o terceiro quarto do século XVIII (1755 – 1777) com as reformas promovidas no período Pombalino na Amazônia, momento de expressão de uma modernidade urbana e arquitetônica; o final do século XIX e a primeira década do século XX (1890 – 1910), momento de ascensão da economia regional a partir da intensificação de atividades extrativas que produziram reformas urbanísticas com tons higienistas e; por fim, o período entre 1940 e 1970, que marcou uma série de propostas de planejamento com viés técnico-burocrático na produção do espaço. Do ponto de vista da metodologia adotada, estabeleceu-se como percurso de pesquisa: i) levantamento bibliográfico de caráter teórico e empírico da temática; ii) levantamento documental acerca das práticas de planejamento e intervenção dos períodos destacados com base em legislação, planos e projetos de cada um dos períodos; iii) coleta de iconografia representativa da época as quais as políticas foram executadas. Apresenta-se como resultados a hipótese de que a narrativa de uma pretensa ausência de planejamento como fator explicativo dos problemas da cidade é um discurso que não tem base na realidade, posto que historicamente é exatamente o oposto que a pesquisa indica, as modalidades de planejamento efetivadas em Belém acentuam problemas como a segregação socioespacial.Palavras-Chave: História, Planejamento Urbano, Modernidade, Belém.AbstractConsidering the dynamics and urban structure of Belém at the beginning of the 21st Century as an expression of the accumulation of urban interventions and planning and management practices of the city, the historical genealogy of urban planning is analyzed as a way of understanding production of a space that has as characteristic the negation of the nature and the production of the inequality between social classes. In this aspect, three specific periods were identified that produced significant impacts on the production of the urban space of Belém: the third quarter of the seventeenth century (1755 - 1777) with the reforms promoted in the Pombaline period in the Amazon, a time of expression of an urban and architectural design; the end of the nineteenth century and the first decade of the twentieth century (1890 - 1910), a time of great rise of the regional economy from the intensification of extractive activities that produced urban reforms with hygienic tones; and finally, the period between 1940 and 1970, which marked a series of planning proposals with a bureaucratic technical aproach in the production of space in Belém. This work established as following research methodology: i) survey bibliographical of theoretical and empirical character of the analyzed subject; ii) documentary survey of the planning and intervention practices of the highlighted periods based on municipal, state and federal legislation, as well as the master plans and development plans of the periods; iii) collection of iconography representative of the time to which the policies were executed in the urban space. The hypothesis is that the narrative of a supposed absence of planning as a factor of the city's problems is a discourse that has no basis in reality, since historically it is exactly the opposite that the research indicates, that is, the modalities in Belém accentuate problems such as socio-spatial segregation.Keywords: History, Urban Planning, Modernity, Belém.


2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kostyuk ◽  
Olena Kostyuk ◽  
Yaroslav Mozghovyi ◽  
Yana Kravchenko

The aim of this paper is to solve the problem of CSR performance measurement for Ukrainian banking institutions by developing a CSR index. It is done by measuring a corporate social responsibility (CSR) through 25 different indicators for 40 Ukrainian banks, which represent 80% of total banking system assets. This paper is a first attempt in Ukrainian practice to put CSR indicators into a standard metrics and develop specific methodology that would allow comparing CSR for different banks. To check the adequacy of our preliminary findings we compare CSR results for Ukrainian banks with CSR results for Swedish banks, where the level of CSR is definitely higher, since it is a socially directed developed economy. After that the weights of CSR index for Swedish banks counted by our methodology was compared to different professionally made indexes.


ZARCH ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
José Durán Fernández

La Ciudad de Nueva York fue pionera en la aplicación de un sistema de planificación de control urbano que pusiera orden y concierto a una ciudad que rebasa los 5 millones de habitantes a principios del siglo XX. Tal complejo organismo urbano, inédito hasta ese momento, fue objeto del más ambicioso plan urbano sobre una ciudad construida.Este artículo se destina al estudio de este originario plan urbano de 1916, el cual sentaría las bases, unas ciertamente visionarias otras excesivas, de la construcción de la Ciudad de Nueva York en todo el siglo XX. La Building Zone Resolution se creó con dos fines: resolver los problemas de congestión humana en un espacio reducido, la ciudad del presente, y proponer una visión del espacio urbano en las décadas venideras, la ciudad del futuro.El artículo es un compendio de diez textos cortos y un epílogo, que junto a sus respectivos diez documentos gráficos, construyen el corpus de la investigación. El lector pues se enfrenta a un ensayo gráfico formado por pequeños capítulos que le sumergirán en los orígenes de la primera ciudad vertical de la historia.PALABRAS CLAVE: Nueva York; Planeamiento; Visión urbana.The city of New York was a pioneer in the implementation of an urban control planning system that set in order a city that exceeds five million people in the early twentieth century. Such complex urban organism – invaluable until that moment – was the target for the most ambitious urban planning on a built city.This paper focuses on the study of this initial urban planning from 1916, which would set the basis, certainly some visionary yet others excessive, for the building of New York City throughout the 20th century. The Building Zone Resolution was created with two purposes: to solve the issues related to the human bundle in a limited space, the city of the present, and to aim a vision of the urban space in the forthcoming decades, the city of the future.The article is a compendium of ten short texts and one epilogue, which in combination with ten graphic documents, frame the corpus of this investigation. Thus, the reader will face a graphic essay composed by a series of brief chapters that highlight the beginning of the first vertical city in history.KEYWORDS: New York; Planning; Urban vision.


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