CLASIFICADOR DE RED NEURONAL CONVOLUCIONAL PARA IDENTIFICAR ENFERMEDADES DEL FRUTO DE AGUACATE (Persea americana Mill.) A PARTIR DE IMÁGENES DIGITALES

Agrociencia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 695-709
Author(s):  
Ulises Enrique Campos Ferreira ◽  
Juan Manuel González Camacho

México es el productor principal de aguacate (Persea americana Mill.) en el mundo; sin embargo, este fruto en postcosecha es susceptible a hongos fitopatógenos que reducen su calidad. Por ello, la identificación oportuna de estos organismos con base en herramientas no invasivas, como los análisis por medio de inteligencia artificial resulta de interés para reducir pérdidas económicas. El objetivo de este estudio fue implementar un modelo de aprendizaje automático con una base de datos de imágenes digitales de frutos colectados en campo, a través de crear un clasificador de red neuronal convolucional (CNN), entrenarlo y validarlo para identificar frutos sanos de aguacate cv. Fuerte y frutos infectados con roña (Sphaceloma perseae Jenkins) o antracnosis (Colletotrichum spp.) de la zona productora en el Estado de Morelos, México. Frutos de aguacate sanos se recolectaron en campo, y también frutos con roña y antracnosis de huertos diferentes para generar un conjunto de 569 imágenes digitales. Las transformaciones de éstas aumentaron el conjunto de datos a 3983 imágenes. El modelo CNN se entrenó con una partición aleatoria de 80% de las imágenes y se validó para predicción con el 20% restante. La CNN alcanzó una precisión global de clasificación correcta de 80% con el conjunto de validación. Además, el clasificador se evaluó con un conjunto de prueba de 100 imágenes no incluidas en el conjunto original y obtuvo una precisión global de clasificación correcta de 87%. El clasificador de aprendizaje profundo por CNN implementado en este estudio representa el uso factible de la inteligencia artificial para su aplicación en la identificación de enfermedades en aguacate a partir de imágenes digitales en la etapa de postcosecha.

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itay Miyara ◽  
Hadas Shafran ◽  
Maayan Davidzon ◽  
Amir Sherman ◽  
Dov Prusky

Host-tissue alkalinization via ammonia accumulation is key to Colletotrichum spp. colonization. Using macroarrays carrying C. gloeosporioides cDNAs, we monitored gene expression during the alkalinization process. A set of genes involved in synthesis and catabolism of ammonia accumulation were identified. Expression of NAD+-specific glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH2, encoding ammonia synthesis) and the ammonia exporter AMET were induced at pH 4.0 to 4.5. Conversely, ammonia uptake and transcript activation of the ammonia and glutamate importers (MEP and GLT, respectively) and glutamine synthase (GS1) were higher at pH 6.0 to 7.0. Accumulated ammonia in the wild-type mycelium decreased during ambient alkalinization, concurrent with increased GS1 expression. Δpac1 mutants of C. gloeosporioides, which are sensitive to alkaline pH changes, showed upregulation of the acid-expressed GDH2 and downregulation of the alkaline-expressed GS1, resulting in 60% higher ammonia accumulation inside the mycelium. Δgdh2 strains of C. gloeosporioides, impaired in ammonia production, showed 85% inhibition in appressorium formation followed by reduced colonization on avocado fruit (Persea americana cv. Fuerte) pericarp, while exogenic ammonia addition restored appressoria formation. Thus the modulation of genes involved in ammonia metabolism and catabolism by C. gloeosporioides is ambient pH–dependent. Aside from its contribution to necrotrophic stages, ammonia accumulation by germinating spores regulates appressorium formation and determines the initiation of biotrophic stages of avocado-fruit colonization by Colletotrichum spp.


Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
HRW Dharmaratne ◽  
BL Tekwani ◽  
MR Jacob ◽  
NPD Nanayakkara
Keyword(s):  

Phyton ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cardoso PF ◽  
JA Scarpassa ◽  
LG Pretto-Giordano ◽  
ES Otaguiri ◽  
SF Yamada-Ogatta ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musdar Musdar ◽  
Lukmanul Hakim ◽  
Juliani Juliani ◽  
Jailani Jailani

White sweet potato starch (Ipomea batatas L.) and avocado seed starch (Parsea americana Mill) derived from local plants have the potential to be developed as agricultural products. Starch is a hydrocolloid compound as a potential local resource to be utilized. Glycerol function as an anti-freezing which is hygroscopic. This study aims to determine the ratio of white sweet potato starch with avocado seed starch and the concentration of glycerol for making edible film. This study was an experiment using a completely randimized factorial design with 2 (two) main factor consisting of a comparison of white sweet potato starch and avocado seed with 3 levels: P1 = 35%:65%., P2=50%:50%., P3=65%:35% and glycerol concentration with 3 levels: G1=1%., G2=2%., G3=3%. The best result reasearch were content of 23.03% (tratment P1G1), solubility of 55.57% (treatment P3G2)., swelling test of 9.83% (treatment P2g3)., elongation of 8.18% (treatment P3G2)


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int

Oil extracted from Persea Americana seed was assayed for its physiochemical properties and antioxidant potential using various standard methods. The oil content of the seed was found to be < 10%. Brownish-red color oil was liquid at room temperature, with specific gravity of 0.91±0.02 g/mL. Other physiochemical parameters determined were; acid value (4.51±0.08 mgKOH/g), %FFA (2.26±0.08), peroxide value (2.40±0.57 mgO2/Kg), ester value (31.26±0.03 mgKOH/g), saponification value (35.76±0.07 mgKOH/g) and iodine value (23.5±0.07). The results of the antioxidant activities of the seed oil showed that the flavonoid content (80.00±1.41 mgQE/g) was ~10 folds higher than the phenolic content (8.27±0.06 mgGAE/g). The DPPH radical scavenging value was found to be 51.54±0.25% with an IC50 value of 4.68±0.02 mg/mL and reducing power with an average absorbance of 0.85±0.01 and an IC50 value of 0.001±0.02 mg/mL. Gallic acid showed better antioxidant activities than the oil studied. The results obtained in this study showed that Persea Americana seed oil has nutritional, industrial as well as medicinal potentials.


2019 ◽  
Vol 55(Công nghệ Sinh học) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Huỳnh Ngọc Trung Dung ◽  
Phạm Lục Thùy Trang ◽  
Trần Thị Thương ◽  
Dương Thị Bích ◽  
Trì Kim Ngọc
Keyword(s):  

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Armina Morkeliūnė ◽  
Neringa Rasiukevičiūtė ◽  
Lina Šernaitė ◽  
Alma Valiuškaitė

The Colletotrichum spp. is a significant strawberry pathogen causing yield losses of up to 50%. The most common method to control plant diseases is through the use of chemical fungicides. The findings of plants antimicrobial activities, low toxicity, and biodegradability of essential oils (EO), make them suitable for biological protection against fungal pathogens. The aim is to evaluate the inhibition of Colletotrichum acutatum by thyme, sage, and peppermint EO in vitro on detached strawberry leaves and determine EO chemical composition. Our results revealed that the dominant compound of thyme was thymol 41.35%, peppermint: menthone 44.56%, sage: α,β-thujone 34.45%, and camphor: 20.46%. Thyme EO inhibited C. acutatum completely above 200 μL L−1 concentration in vitro. Peppermint and sage EO reduced mycelial growth of C. acutatum. In addition, in vitro, results are promising for biological control. The detached strawberry leaves experiments showed that disease reduction 4 days after inoculation was 15.8% at 1000 μL L−1 of peppermint EO and 5.3% at 800 μL L−1 of thyme compared with control. Our findings could potentially help to manage C. acutatum; however, the detached strawberry leaves assay showed that EO efficacy was relatively low on tested concentrations and should be increased.


Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Latiffah Zakaria

In tropical fruit crops, anthracnose is mainly caused by species belonging to the fungal genus, Colletotrichum. These phytopathogens can infect several parts of the fruit crops; however, infection during postharvest or ripening stages is responsible for major economic losses. Due to the formation of black to dark brown sunken lesions on the fruit surface, anthracnose reduces fruit quality and marketability. Among the most common tropical fruit crops susceptible to anthracnose are mango, papaya, banana, avocado, guava, and dragon fruit; these are economically relevant products in many developing countries. It is important to document that the newly recorded Colletotrichum spp. associated with fruit anthracnose can infect multiple hosts, but some species may be host-specific. By using multiple markers, many phylogenetic species of Colletotrichum have been reported as anthracnose-causing pathogens. Taking into account that disease management strategies strongly rely on adequate knowledge of the causative agents, updated information on Colletotrichum species and the hazard posed by the most recently identified species in tropical fruit plantations and harvested fruits becomes vital. Besides, the newly recorded species may be important for biosecurity and should be listed as quarantine pathogens, considering that tropical fruits are traded worldwide.


2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Rosso Motta ◽  
Ivo Emilio da Cruz Jung ◽  
Verônica Farina Azzolin ◽  
Cibele Ferreira Teixeira ◽  
Luiza Elizabete Braun ◽  
...  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document