scholarly journals Possibility of Removing Phosphates from Activated Charbon Made from Date Kernels

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Seghairi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Isotherm Study ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Batch Tests

Phosphates in natural waters and whatever their origin, promote the formation of algae, reduce dissolved oxygen and reduce biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems. At high doses, phosphate salts can cause health problems. The objective of our study was to develop a simple, efficient and environmentally friendly sorption depollution technique on available and inexpensive media. We have studied the adsorption of phosphate on activated carbons prepared from date kernels. Batch tests were carried out in order to study different operating parameters such as the effect of contact time, pH, initial phosphate concentration and adsorbent dosage and adsorption kinetic. The sorption equilibrium was analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich isotherms model. Results show that the phosphate adsorption was reversible and the quantity adsorbed reached its maximum value (14.49 mg/g) after 40 minutes. It was also found that phosphate uptake was affected by variation of pH, initial concentration of phosphate and activated carbon dosage. The adsorption improved with an acidic pH (pH = 6), initial concentration and adsorbent dosage. The results of kinetic studies revealed that adsorption phosphate on activated carbon based on date kernels (Biocar) and the intra-particle diffusion involved in the adsorption mechanism. Also, isotherm study showed that Langmuir isotherm best fit the data and the adsorption was a physical type.

Adsorptive Removal of Phosphate from Groundwater Using Granular Activated Carbon

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkader Ouakouak ◽  
Leila Youcef ◽  
Djihad Boulanouar ◽  
Samia Achour
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Particle Diffusion ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The objective of this work is to study the phosphate adsorption from natural waters by using a granular activated carbon (GAC). Experiments were carried out with synthetic solutions of phosphate prepared using groundwater (mineralized drinking water). Batch tests were carried out in order to study different operating parameters such as the effect of contact time, pH, initial phosphate concentration and adsorbent dosage. In addition, the adsorption kinetic data were simulated using the pseudo first order, the pseudo second-order and the intra-particle diffusion model. The sorption equilibrium was analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms model. Results show that the phosphate adsorption was reversible and the quantity adsorbed reached its maximum value (2.82 mg/g) after 30 min. It was also found that phosphate uptake was affected by variation of pH, initial concentration of phosphate and granular activated carbon dosage. The adsorption improved with increase in pH values, initial concentration and adsorbent dosage. The results of kinetic studies revealed that pseudo-second-order model adequately described the adsorption phosphate on GAC and the intra-particle diffusion involved in the adsorption mechanism. Also, isotherm study showed that Langmuir isotherm best fit the data and the adsorption was a physical type.

scholarly journals Environmental Management: Pragmatic Suitability of Low Cost Activated Carbon in Lead (II)Ion Removal by Continuous Mode of Adsorption

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sivarethinamohan ◽  
S. Sujatha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Saturation Time ◽  
Bed Height

Heavy metals such as chromium, lead, and arsenic are usually present in trace amounts in natural waters but many of them are toxic even at very low concentrations. An increasing quantity of heavy metals in our resources is currently an area of greater concern, especially since a large number of industries are discharging their metal containing effluents into freshwater without any adequate treatment. Activated carbons show a significant ability in removing heavy metal ions from an aqueous solution by adsorption, which has been examined by many researchers. Activated carbon derived from Manilkarazapota tree-wood (MZTWAC), which was found to be a suitable adsorbent for the removal of lead ions through continuous adsorption mode, was examined in this paper. A breakthrough curve has been plotted to find the effect of initial concentration and adsorbent bed height in the adsorption of lead (II)ion through MZTWAC. The breakthrough time and the saturation time increased as the initial concentration increased from 40 mg.L-1 to 60 mg.L-1. The saturation time was in the incremental mode when the bed height was increased from 5 cm to 7 cm bed thickness for 40 mg.L-1 concentration. Adams-Bohart’s model perfectly fits with this fixed-bed column in the removal of lead(II) from an aqueous solution using MZTWAC. Activated carbon derived from MZTWAC is better suited for the purpose of detoxifying metal-contaminated wastewater.

Adsorption Dynamics of Agricultural Waste Activated Carbon in Water Quality Improvement

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Igbemi Arthur Igbemi ◽  
Ify L. Nwaogazie ◽  
Onyewuchi Akaranta ◽  
G. O. Abu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

This study investigated the removal of Lead and Cadmium ions from aqueous solution using activated carbons from agricultural wastes. Activated carbons prepared by chemical activation using Phosphoric acid were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The influence of contact time, initial concentration and adsorbent dose which governed the efficiency of the process was ascertained through batch adsorption studies. Adsorption isotherms were determined by correlating with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and the kinetic studies were correlated with pseudo first order and pseudo second order equations. The results showed that the amount of Lead and Cadmium adsorbed decreased as the adsorbent dose increased while the adsorption capacity increased with increased in contact time and initial concentration. Activated carbons prepared from Coconut shell and palm kernel (shell and cake) competed favorably with the commercial activated carbon in percentage removal of the metal ions as all the activated carbons had over 90 % removal within 60 minutes when 1g of adsorbent was used. The equilibrium data fitted best into Freundlich isotherms for both metal ions. The rate of adsorption could be described by pseudo second order for all the adsorbents except Coconut shell activated carbon in the adsorption of Lead while intra-particle diffusion was the limiting step for Cadmium adsorption. Therefore, the agricultural by-products can be used as effective, low-cost, and environmentally friendly adsorbents for domestic water treatment in many parts of the world.

scholarly journals An alternative low-cost adsorbent for gold recovery from cyanide-leached liquors: Adsorption isotherm and kinetic studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Refiloe Tsolele ◽  
Fanyana Moses Mtunzi ◽  
Michael John Klink ◽  
Vusumzi Emmanuel Pakade
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Agitation Speed ◽  
Gold Recovery ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Modified Activated Carbons

Pristine Macadamia nutshell-based activated carbons were chemically oxidized with different concentrations of H3PO4 and HNO3 to increase their surface adsorption properties and further explore if they could be an attractive alternative low-cost adsorbent for gold recovery from cyanide-leached liquors. The modified activated carbons were labeled MACN20, MACN40 and MACN55 to signify the materials prepared from 20%, 40% and 55% (v/v) HNO3, respectively. Similar nomenclature was followed for H3PO4-modified activated carbons. Brunauer-Emmet-Teller, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy were used to characterize the prepared activated carbons. The physical properties were attained through determining attrition, ash content, volatile matter and moisture content of all the activated carbons. Various parameters that affect selective adsorption such as the effect of initial concentration, time, agitation speed, interfering species and the dose of the adsorbent were investigated. Optimal parameters for gold ion adsorption were as follows: solution pH, 10; contact time, 6 h; agitation speed, 150 r/min; sorbent amount, 4 g and initial concentration, 5.5 mg/L. The observed selectivity order was not the same for all the adsorbents, but the adsorption of gold was found to be mostly influenced in the presence of nickel and least influenced by copper. MACN55 was found to be the most efficient adsorbent with 74% of gold adsorption from a real-world sample and displayed a similar performance to coconut-based activated carbons.

Removal of Oil Using Activated Carbon from Textile Sludge Biochars

2016 ◽  
Vol 818 ◽  
pp. 237-241
Author(s):  
Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi ◽  
Norzita Ngadi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Equilibrium Time ◽  
High Initial Concentration ◽  
Textile Sludge ◽  
Oil Wastewater

The study of oil pollution is crucial nowadays and considered as one of the critical issues as oil pollution gives bad effects especially to wastewater treatment facilities. For that purpose, this study investigated the potential of activated carbon from biochars of textile sludge precursors for oil removal. The activated carbons were produced from biochar obtained through the pyrolysis of textile sludge waste by chemical activation with 1M of phosphoric acid which denoted as AC-B-H3PO4. Apart from that, the performance of adsorptive properties of the activated carbon was tested using simulated cooking oil waste water in homogeneous form as the targeted adsorbate. The effect of adsorption contact time and initial concentration of simulated oil wastewater towards performances of AC-B-H3PO4 in removal of simulated oil wastewater were studied and compared with biochars700. The equilibrium time in adsorption of the simulated oil wastewater for both biochar700 and AC-B-H3PO4 was obtained in 30min. Meanwhile, the effects of initial concentration of simulated oil wastewater, biochars700 has earlier achieved equilibrium at 300mg/l up to 500 mg/l, while for AC-B-H3PO4, the adsorption capacity still increase at a high initial concentration of simulated oil waste water but in a slow rate. The results obtained showed that AC-B-H3PO4 has more potential for oil spills treatment than biochars due to its ability to treat the high initial concentration of simulated oil wastewater at the equilibrium time. The findings also provide for an alternative for low cost and effective adsorbent for the oil pollution treatment.

Biopolymeric Adsorbent for the Removal of Methylene Blue: Characterizations, Equilibrium Isotherms and Kinetic Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 1125 ◽  
pp. 281-285
Author(s):  
Siti Aishah Muhmed ◽  
Mohd Ghazali Mohd Nawawi
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Equilibrium Isotherms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Crosslinked Sago Starch (CSS) was prepared by crosslinking native starch with Sodium Trimetaphosphate. As a biodegradable adsorbent, CSS was used to remove methylene blue (MB) from the aqueous solution based on its characterization, including the granule morphology, crystalline nature and molecular structure. The adsorption capacity of CSS was evaluated as a function of pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration and time. It was favorable for adsorption under condition of neutral and at high initial concentration. The adsorption capacity trend was decreased with increasing the adsorbent dosage. The equilibrium isotherms were conducted using Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin model. It has been demonstrated that the better agreement was Langmuir isotherm with correlation coefficient of 0.99, equilibrium adsorption capacity of 3.75 mg g-1, chi-square test, χ2 of 0.03% and corresponding contact time of 4 hours. The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion were used to fit adsorption data in the kinetic studies. And results showed that the adsorption kinetics was more accurately described by the pseudo-second-order model with correlation coefficient, R2 of 0.99 and standard deviation, SSE of 0.12%. The obtained results suggest that CSS could be promising candidates as an adsorbent for dye removal.

Sorption of Methylene Blue and Acid Orange 7 onto Ananas comosus Peels and Leaves Based Activated Carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabilah A. Lutpi ◽  
N. Najihah Jamil ◽  
C.K. Kairulazam C.K. Abdullah ◽  
Yee Shian Wong ◽  
Soon An Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Time Effect ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Acid Orange 7 ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Acid Orange ◽  
Percentage Removal

The adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) and Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye onto Ananas Comosus Mixed Peels and Leaves (ACMPL) were carried out by conducting four different parameters such as initial concentration, pH, dosage of adsorbent, and contact time. Effect of initial concentration for both dyes showed that higher initial concentration would take longer contact time to attain equilibrium due to higher amount of adsorbate molecules. The effect of pH showed highest percentage removal for MB is at pH 9 which is 95.81%. Meanwhile for AO7 the highest percentage removal is 31.06% at pH 3. The percentage removal of MB had reached the equilibrium at dosage 0.5g while AO7 keep increasing with the increment of adsorbent dosage. The percentage removal of MB and AO7 had increased until hour 2.5 which was from 72.5% to 86.93% and 19.441% to 36.89% respectively and reached equilibrium at 3 hour contact time.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of modified activated carbon (MgO/AC) for methylene blue adsorption: optimization, equilibrium isotherm and kinetic studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahab Ghalehkhondabi ◽  
Alireza Fazlali ◽  
Keyhan Ketabi
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Coating Method

Abstract Methylene blue (MB) is the cationic dye that is widely used for coloring cotton, wool, and silk. Since MB is harmful to human beings and toxic to microorganisms, there is the need to find cheap and efficient methods for removal of MB from wastewater prior to disposal into natural waters. In the present study, MB adsorption potential of MgO/AC prepared using a sol–gel-thermal deep-coating method was compared with the activated carbon (AC). The central composite design (CCD) as a method of the response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to minimize the number of runs and process optimization. The characterization of the microporous MgO/AC composite showed that the magnesium oxide nanoparticles were successfully coated on the AC and the BET specific surface area of AC and MgO/AC were 1,540 and 1,246 m2/g, respectively. The MB removal efficiency and the maximum adsorption capacity of AC and MgO/AC were 89.6, 97.5% and 571.7, 642.3 mg/g, respectively under optimum operational conditions of initial dye concentration of 100.9 mg/L, the adsorbent dosage of 69.4 mg/100 mL, pH of 10.2 and contact time of 149.1 min. According to an analysis of variance (ANOVA), the initial dye concentration and its interaction with the other effective factors have a large impact on adsorption efficiency. Furthermore, the mechanism of adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.9935, Δqe = 2.9%) and adsorption kinetics fitted by the pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.9967, Δqe = 6.6%). Finally, our results suggest that the prepared MgO/AC is an efficient and promising material for dye wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Methylene Blue removal from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from N. microphyllum (AC-NM): RSM analysis, isotherms and kinetic studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-705 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
P Value ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Layer Adsorption ◽  
Water And Wastewater

This study was conducted to remove Methylene Blue (MB) from aqueous solution using activated carbon prepared from N. microphyllum (AC-NM) as a new, cheap, and non-toxic. Design of experiments based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) conducted to investigate the effect of variables namely; initial dye concentration, pH, contact time and absorbent dosage. An empirical model was developed applying ANOVA analysis. The interaction effects of all factors and their optimization have been carried out using RSM. Dye removal efficiency increased to more than 90% with increasing pH and initial concentration of dye from 3 to 11 and 10 to 210 mg/L, respectively under 1.1 to 1.4 g/L of absorbent dosage. Among factors, initial concentration of MB known as an important factor with P- value <0.0001. The experimental data are fitted with Freundlich model based on multi layer adsorption states (R2=0.99). The adsorption kinetics well described by second order model with R2 = 0.98. This novel absorbent has different advantages such as low cost, high ability to absorb pollutants and easily available that can be suggested for water and wastewater treatment.

Removal of Cd2+ from Aqueous Solution Using MgAlCO3 -Layered Double Hydroxide

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Izza Taib ◽  
Norzuyanti Mohd Aris
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Exothermic Process ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Double Hydroxide

Anion clay hydrotalcite MgAlCO3 with a Mg/Al molar ratio of 3:1 was synthesized by co-precipitation at room temperature and pressure. The physicochemical properties were evaluated using Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The efficacy of anion clay hydrotalcite in the removal of Cd2+ from aqueous solutions was investigated with respect to contact time, initial concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage and temperature. The Cd2+ removal increased with the increased in contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH and initial concentration. Adsorption decreases with increasing initial concentration and temperature, for which the latter is indicative of an exothermic process. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of MgAlCO3 was evaluated using linear Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms with respect to the separation factor, RL .

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