Cumplimiento de la normativa española (UNE-EN) para las canastas de baloncesto y porterías de fútbol en las instalaciones deportivas municipales en el Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara, México (Compliance with the Spanish standard (UNE-EN) for basketball

La seguridad en el ámbito deportivo es una necesidad y derecho para todas las personas, cuya obligación y responsabilidad estará a cargo de quienes depende garantizar la seguridad. En México, en la década de 2010 a 2019 se registraron 40 casos de personas, principalmente menores, que perdieron la vida cuando realizaban práctica de fútbol y baloncesto por la caída encima de la portería y/o la canasta. Este país carece de estudios y normativa sobre la seguridad en espacios y equipamientos en instalaciones deportivas. Por tanto, de forma pionera se recurrió a la normativa europea UNE-EN 748:2013+A1:2018 y 1270:2006, respectivamente. Se inspeccionaron 122 porterías de fútbol y 260 canastas de baloncesto de instalaciones deportivas de gestión municipal del Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara, México. Los resultados indican que el porcentaje general de cumplimiento de la normativa sería del 43.17±12.08 para las canastas de baloncesto y el 42.25±10.14 las porterías de fútbol. Los aspectos generales es el apartado que menor cumplimiento registra para ambos equipamientos, contrario a los apartados relativos al tablero y la red que son los que mayor cumplimiento presentan en canastas y porterías, respectivamente. De esta forma se evidencia no sólo la falta de cumplimiento, sino la necesidad de mostrar datos para planificar de forma estratégica acciones de mejora. Se requiere de Políticas Públicas sobre legislación y seguridad para instalaciones deportivas que ayuden a los gestores, entrenadores, etc. a mejorar en la conciencia de la seguridad en la práctica deportiva. Abstract. Safety in the sports fields is a necessity and a right of all people, whose obligation and responsibility will be in charge of those who guarantee safety in sports facilities. In Mexico, in the decade from 2010 to 2019, there were 40 cases of people, mainly minors under 18 years old, who lost their lives while practicing soccer and basketball due to falling of the soccer goalpost and/or the basketball basket. This country lacks research studies and regulations on safety in sports equipment and facilities. Therefore, in an innovative way, the European standard UNE-EN 748:2013+A1:2018 y 1270:2006 were used, respectively. 122 soccer goalposts and 260 basketball baskets were inspected in public sports facilities, which are administered by the municipality in the Metropolitan Area of Guadalajara, Mexico. The results indicate that the general percentage of compliance with the regulations would be 43.17 ± 12.08 for basketball basket and 42.25 ± 10.14 for soccer goalposts. General aspect is the section with the lowest compliance for both equipment’s, meanwhile the board and the basketball net present better percentage of compliance. In this way, not only the lack of compliance is evidenced, but also the need to show data for improvement actions. Public Policies of legislation and safety of sports facilities are required to help managers, coaches, etc. to improve safety awareness in sports practice.

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Environmental entrepreneurship and public policy: the case of the Programa Emprender para la Vida (Entrepreneurship for Life Program)

Cuadernos de Administración ◽

10.25100/cdea.v34i61.6084 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (61) ◽

Author(s):

Adriana María Arroyave Puerta ◽

Flor Ángela Marulanda Valencia

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Public Policy ◽

Environmental Protection ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Public Policies ◽

The Public ◽

Colombian Government ◽

Depth Interviews

Nowadays, several mega-trends capture the attention of governments, academia and the public in general given their implications for the quality of life and the development of nations. This work deals with two of them: entrepreneurship and environmental protection, as a result of research aimed at analyzing the processes, actors and results of the “Entrepreneurship for Life” Program led by the Valle de Aburrá Metropolitan Area, executed during the period from 2012 to 2015, in order to contribute to the improvement of public policies on eco-entrepreneurship. The methodology of the Synergy System1, applied by the Colombian Government, was used to appraise public policies. The required information was collected through in-depth interviews with the creator of the program, the entrepreneurs who benefited from it, officials of the entities involved and experts. Then, it was complemented by the analysis of documents such as minutes, reports and other sources. Among other results, it was evident that, although the public policy on environmental entrepreneurship is still incipient, the evaluated Program met the objectives for which it was created.

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Determinantes sociais, equidade e consultório na rua

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/1981-8963-v12i12a236025p3513-3520-2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 3513

Author(s):

Andressa Hoffmann Pinto ◽

Vivian Costa Fermo ◽

Caroline Cechinel Peiter ◽

Vanessa Martinhago Borges Fernandes ◽

Ivonete Teresinha Schülter Buss Heideman

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Social Determinants Of Health ◽

Social Determinants ◽

Public Policies ◽

Homeless Persons ◽

Determinants Of Health ◽

Street People ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

Care Health ◽

La Red

RESUMOObjetivo: apresentar as experiências vividas por uma enfermeira no exercício de suas funções numa equipe de Consultório na Rua. Método: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, acerca das vivências de uma enfermeira ao atuar em uma equipe de Consultório na Rua. Resultados: vivenciaram-se situações de discriminação da população em situação de rua pela sociedade, incluindo profissionais de saúde, dificuldades de acesso à Rede de Atenção à Saúde por pessoas em situações de rua, injustiças sociais e lacunas entre as políticas públicas existentes e a sua aplicação na prática. Conclusão: evidenciou-se que a atuação da enfermeira no Consultório na Rua submerge a reflexão sobre os determinantes sociais da saúde presentes na população em situação de rua. Necessita-se, face às fragilidades referidas, de investimentos em educação permanente dos profissionais, da efetivação das políticas públicas existentes, do empoderamento do usuário para o exercício da cidadania e de investimentos em estudos nesta área do cuidado. Descritores: Atenção Primária à Saúde; Equidade em Saúde; Determinantes Sociais da Saúde; Vulnerabilidade Social; Pessoas em Situação de Rua; Enfermagem em Saúde Pública.ABSTRACT Objective: to present the experiences lived by a nurse in the exercise of her duties in a team of Doctor's Offices in the Street. Methodo: this is a qualitative, descriptive study, a type of experience report, about the experiences of a nurse while working in a team at the Office. Results: there were situations of discrimination of the population in a street situation by society, including health professionals, difficulties in accessing the Network for Health Care by street people, social injustices and gaps between existing public policies and their application in practice. Conclusion: it was evidenced that the nurse's role in the Street Office submerges the reflection on the social determinants of health present in the street population. It is necessary, given the weaknesses mentioned, of investments in the permanent education of professionals, the implementation of existing public policies, the empowerment of the user to exercise citizenship and investments in studies in this area of care. Descriptors: Primary Health Care; Health Equity; Social Determinants of Health; Social Vulnerability; Homeless Persons; Public Health Nursing.RESUMEN Objetivo: presentar las experiencias vividas por una enfermera en el ejercicio de sus funciones en un equipo de Consultorio en la calle. Método: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, tipo relato de experiencia, acerca de las vivencias de una enfermera al actuar en un equipo de Consultorio en la calle. Resultados: se experimentaron situaciones de discriminación de la población en situación de calle por la sociedad, incluyendo profesionales de salud, dificultades de acceso a la Red de Atención a la Salud por personas en situaciones de calle, injusticias sociales y lagunas entre las políticas públicas existentes y su aplicación en la práctica. Conclusión: se evidenció que la actuación de la enfermera en el Consultorio en la calle sumerge la reflexión sobre los determinantes sociales de la salud presentes en la población en situación de calle. Se necesita, ante las fragilidades referidas, de inversiones en educación permanente de los profesionales, de la efectividad de las políticas públicas existentes, del empoderamiento del usuario para el ejercicio de la ciudadanía y de inversiones en estudios en esta área del cuidado. Descriptores: Atención Primaria de Salud; Equidad en Salud; Determinantes Sociales de la Salud; Vulnerabilidad Social; Personas sin Hogar; Enfermería en Salud Pública.

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Volcano hazard and surveillance in Costa Rica

Volcanica ◽

10.30909/vol.04.s1.141161 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (S1) ◽

pp. 141-161

Author(s):

Geoffroy Avard ◽

Mauricio Mora ◽

Henriette Bakkar ◽

Guillermo Alvarado ◽

Mario Angarita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

Crisis Management ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Volcanic Ash ◽

San Jose ◽

Seismic Stations ◽

Tectonically Active ◽

La Red ◽

Scientific Collaborations ◽

Active Volcanoes

Costa Rica hosts ten volcanic complexes and is highly tectonically active due to its location at the interaction between the Cocos, Nazca, and Caribbean plates and the Panama microplate. Three of the five historically active volcanoes had frequent eruptions in 2019. The institutions in charge of monitoring the volcanoes of Costa Rica are the Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica from Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) and the Red Sismológica Nacional (RSN: UCR-ICE that groups the Escuela Centroamericana de Geología from the Universidad de Costa Rica, and the Observatorio Sismológico y Vulcanológico de Arenal y Miravalles from the Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad; acronyms ECG, UCR, OSIVAM, and ICE). These institutions are focused on the most dangerous volcanoes, i.e. those closest to the Great Metropolitan Area (2.2 million inhabitants), which includes San José (the capital), and those near hydroelectrical and geothermal plants. In 2020, those institutions operated a network of. 59 seismic stations on volcanoes, 5 infrasound stations, 25 permanent GPS sites, 2 permanent DOAS, 3 permanent MultiGAS, 13 webcams, and performed systematic analyses in geochemistry and petrology laboratories. Those institutes routinely communicate results with the authorities in charge of crisis management nationally and internationally (Comisión Nacional de Prevención de Riesgos y Atención de Emergencias and Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre, respectively) and are always looking for more scientific collaborations. Costa Rica alberga diez complejos volcánicos y presenta una elevada actividad sísmica debido a su ubicación dentro de un marco tectónico complejo, donde interactúan las placas del Cocos, Nazca, Caribe y la microplaca de Panamá. Tres de los cinco volcanes históricamente activos han tenido frecuentes erupciones durante el 2019. Los institutos que vigilan los volcanes de Costa Rica son el Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica (OVSICORIUNA) y la Red Sismológica Nacional (RSN: UCR-ICE que agrupa a la Escuela Centroamericana de Geología de la Universidad de Costa Rica y al Observatorio Sismológico y Vulcanológico del Arenal y Miravalles del Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad, acrónimos en orden: ECG, UCR, OSIVAM e ICE). Estos institutos se enfocan principalmente en los volcanes que representan un alto riesgo para la capital San José y la Gran Área Metropolitana, en el centro de Costa Rica (2.2 millones de habitantes), y aquellos cerca de centrales hidroeléctricas y geotérmicas. La vigilancia se apoya en una red de 59 estaciones sísmicas, 5 medidores de infrasonido, 25 sitios GPS permanentes, 2 DOAS, 3 MultiGAS permanentes, 13 cámaras web y análisis sistemático de muestras en los laboratorios de geoquímica y petrología. Estas instituciones comunican sus resultados de forma rutinaria a las autoridades a cargo de la gestión de peligros nacionales e internacionales (Comisión Nacional de Prevención de Riegos y Atención de Emergencias y Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre, respectivamente), y permanecen en la búsqueda permanente de colaboraciones científicas.

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Tiem and space variations of sulfur dioxide concentrations in the metropolitan area of Mexico City

Geofísica Internacional ◽

10.22201/igeof.00167169p.1990.29.3.1080 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 137-147

Author(s):

H. Bravo A ◽

R. Torres J.

Keyword(s):

Sulfur Dioxide ◽

Mexico City ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

La Red

Se analizan las variaciones espaciales y temporales del bióxido de azufre (SO2) en la atmósfera de la Zona Metropolitana de la Ciudad de M{exico (ZMCM) para varios períodos de 1986 a 1989. Se utilizan mediciones horarias registradas por la red de monitoreo gubernamental (SEDUE) y por la estación de monitoreo del Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, UNAM. El análisis cubre los siguientes aspectos: variaciones espaciales y temporales de SO2 en base anual estacional, mensual, semanal y horaria. Se incluye un an{alisis y discusi{on de la tendencia invernal del SO2 en la zona Sur de fuentes emisoras en la ZMCM.El análisis anual señala que las mayores concentraciones se presentan al norte de la ZMCM, donde se localiza la zona industrial, disminuyendo la concentrancion del SO2 en la dirección del viento dominante. La norma primaria de calidad del aire del EPA para SO2 de 30 ppb es rebasada en la mayor parte de la ZMCM. Los meses invernales presentan el mayor problema en toda el área urbana. El ciclo semanal indica que en los días laborales los niveles de SO2 son significativamente mayores comparados con los presentes en los días de descanso conforme a la cercanía de a la zona industrial. El cliclo diurno señala que la concentración pico de SO2 varía en tiempo y distancia de las fuentes emisoras de ZMCM.La tendencia de concentración del SO2 en el campus de la universidad de México indica que el problema es creciente desde 1986, en contra de loq eu previamente han señalado diversos organismos públicos en México.

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Youth Studies in Colombia: State of the Art

Young ◽

10.1177/110330881202000406 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 399-414 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Germán Muñoz González ◽

Victoria Eugenia Pinilla

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

Public Policies ◽

The State ◽

Type Synthesis ◽

Male And Female ◽

Youth Studies ◽

Young Subjects ◽

Research Studies

This study is based on the most recent state of the art report about Youth in Colombia; the article summarizes the process of construction of youth as a specialized field of knowledge in Colombia. It reviews the researches and studies carried out during a period of 20 years (1985–2003) in 18 Colombian cities. This state of the art is a model that aims at transcending the cataloguing and abstract-type synthesis of research studies, in order to consolidate a more profound analysis that will account for the thematic treatment and the underlying notions of young subjects. The project has been produced on the basis of the following questions: What knowledge of male and female Colombian youth has been produced? Who has produced it? How has it been produced and what kind of subject is being constructed? After 2003, there is a sustained production of bibliography concerning the main topics of the youth condition, with progressively qualified contributions. By contrast, the State since 2006 has practically abandoned the institutionality that had been created for designing and managing public policies on youth.

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Evaluación del Servicio Público de Empleo: sus efectos en la inserción laboral formal en el Área Metropolitana de Barranquilla, Colombia

Lecturas de Economía ◽

10.17533/udea.le.n91a07 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 211-239

Author(s):

Kenkin Morales-González ◽

William Manjarrés de Ávila ◽

Sadan De la Cruz Almanza

Keyword(s):

Propensity Score ◽

Propensity Score Matching ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Public Service ◽

Public Policies ◽

State Intervention ◽

Special Importance ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Average Effect ◽

Formal Employment

This article seeks to measure the effect of the Employment Public Service (SPE) on the probability of accessing formal employment in the metropolitan area of Barranquilla, Colombia. To achieve this objective, two sources of information are combined: the data on people who registered with the SPE in Barranquilla, and a survey of 400 people registered with the same service. With these data, an estimate of the average effect of the SPE is obtained through propensity score matching. The results show that participating in the services offered by the SPE increases the probability of getting formal employment by around 12 %. This study is of special importance for the design of public policies, as it identifies the effects of state intervention in employability in one of the most important cities in Colombia.

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Investments in Recreational and Sports Infrastructure aS A Basis for the Development of Sports Tourism On the Example of Spa Municipalities

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism ◽

10.2478/pjst-2014-0010 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 97-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrzej Hadzik ◽

Małgorzata Grabara

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Primary Sources ◽

Survey Method ◽

Sports Facilities ◽

The European Union ◽

Health Tourism ◽

Sports Tourism ◽

Almost All ◽

The Eu ◽

Sports Fields

Abstract Introduction. Among the basic conditions for the development of tourism in spa municipalities, investments in different infrastructure, including recreational and sports facilities should be distinguished. The aim of this work was to show the scope and the financing of sports and recreational investments in selected spa municipalities in Poland. Material and methods. The article uses the diagnostic survey method. The surveys were carried out in June 2012 among the representatives of the selected spa municipalities with the use of a specially prepared questionnaire. Results. The municipalities covered in this research declared carrying out investments in recreational and sports infrastructure, most often in football pitches. During the survey the highest number of investments of this type were conducted in Kołobrzeg. Among other recreational and sports projects, one of the most popular was investing in cycling routes. The research on the sources of financing of investments in recreational and sports infrastructure shows that almost all municipalities declared using funds from their own income. Furthermore, most of the analyzed municipalities used resources from the European Union. Other sources of financing were not that popular. Conclusion. In the time of apparent competitiveness and globalization of the spa market, recreational and sports facilities are very important. The authors believe that sports tourism can be one of the forms of health tourism in spas. The conducted research of spa municipalities has proved that: - major recreational and sports investments covered sports fields, mainly football pitches and cycling routes, - the primary sources of financing in the analyzed municipalities turned out to be their own income and resources from the EU.

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Aplicación de la metodología del modelo de cuatro etapas para la determinación de tráfico en la red vial del área metropolitana de Montevideo

TRANSPORTES ◽

10.14295/transportes.v6i2.252 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Carlos Davi Nassi ◽

Lucas Facello ◽

Walter Sanchez

Keyword(s):

Traffic Flow ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Geographic Information ◽

Transport Planning ◽

La Red ◽

Planning Methodology

RESUMENEste trabajo trata de una aplicación de la metodología de planificación de transportes, a partir del modelo de cuatro etapas utilizando el "software" de Sistema de Información Geográfica para Transportes, con el objetivo de estimar el flujo vehicular en un anillo vial perimetral del area metropolitana de Montevideo. ABSTRACTThis work treats the transport planning methodology applied to the Montevideo metropolitan area. The four steps model has been utilized inside a Geographic Information "software" for Transport in order to forecast traffic flow for a by-pass highway planned for the region mentioned above.

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