Prevalence and pattern of non-communicable diseases among elderly in a sub-urban area of Delhi

Background: With increasing proportion of geriatric population across societies, the occurrence and prevalence of non-communicable diseases has been steadily increasing as well. The study tries to showcase the pattern and proportion of NCDs among the elderly population in a sub-urban part of Delhi. Aim & Objective: To assess the prevalence and study the morbidity profile of NCDs among geriatric population of Delhi. Materials & Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done in 350 elderly participants in Mehrauli, Delhi. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Detailed general and systemic examination was also done. Results: A total of 87.4% of the study population was suffering from at least one NCD; 68% were having an already known NCD(s) while 19.4% were newly diagnosed during the study. 2.41 NCDs were found per patient. The prevalence of hypertension was 58%, 49.4% suffered from senile cataract, 32.9% had osteoarthritis, 30.3% had diabetes mellitus, and 26.9% had obesity. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus together were present in 18.3% while the combination of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity was seen in 9.4% of the study participants. Conclusion: Burden of NCDs among the elderly was notably high with a large proportion of them having multimorbidity. It gets important to focus on preventive measures to delay the onset and stem the progression of NCDs to facilitate healthy ageing.

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Prevalence of disabilities and non-communicable diseases in an elderly population in the Telangana state, India: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041755 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. e041755

Author(s):

Srinivas Marmamula ◽

Satya Brahmanandam Modepalli ◽

Thirupathi Reddy Kumbham ◽

Rajesh Challa ◽

Jill E Keeffe

Keyword(s):

Elderly Population ◽

Self Care ◽

The Elderly ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Self Report ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of disabilities (vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive, self-care and communication) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the elderly population in two districts in Telangana, India.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study using a cluster random sampling method to select the study clusters.SettingElderly population in Khammam and Warangal districts were recruited. Detailed interviews were conducted by trained community health workers. Personal and demographic information such as age, gender, level of education and a self-report of NCDs was collected. The Washington Disability Questionnaire was administered to assess the presence of disabilities.Participants1821 participants aged ≥60 years, 54.5% were women, and 73.3% had no education.Primary outcome measurePrevalence of disabilities and NCDs.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of at least disability was 20.3% (95% CI 16.3 to 24.9). The prevalence of self- reported disabilities were: seeing (5.9%; 95% CI 4.4 to 7.8), mobility (12.8%; 95% CI 9.7 to 16.8), hearing (3.6%; 95% CI 2.7 to 4.8), cognition (4.8%; 95% CI 3.5 to 6.7), self-care (3.3%; 95% CI 2.3 to 4.7) and communication (1.8%; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.6). Overall, the prevalence of at least one NCD was 34.2% (95% CI 30.9 to 37.7). Hypertension was the most common systemic condition (25.4%; 95% CI 22.4 to 28.7), followed by diabetes (9.0%; 95% CI 7.3 to 11.0), and body pains (muscle-skeletal) (9.9%; 95% CI 8.1 to 12.2).ConclusionEvery fifth elderly person in the districts of Khammam and Warangal in Telangana had at least one self-reported disability. Besides, a third of the elderly had at least one NCD. There is a definite need to develop comprehensive public health strategies to address disabilities and NCDs in Telangana.

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Prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases among Retired Military Personnel

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jafmc.v16i2.55295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

Md Mazharul Islam Khan ◽

Ariful Haque ◽

- Md Shamimuzzaman ◽

Chyochyo Nancy ◽

Farzana Zafreen

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Military Personnel ◽

The Elderly ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Military Hospital ◽

Epidemiologic Transition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Mortality And Morbidity

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become burning issues worldwide, especially among the elderly individuals. Bangladeshi elderly is also susceptible cohort to NCDs for its recent epidemiologic transition and the NCDs is casting as prominent risk for major mortality and morbidity related issues. Objectives: To find out the prevalence of common NCDs and its risk factors among the Bangladeshi retired military personnel. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among the retired military personnel admitted in Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Savar from January 2019 to July 2019. A face-to-face interview was carried out among the respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Among 153 retired military personnel; most common NCDs were hypertension (80.4%), diabetes mellitus 66.7%, ischemic heart disease37.3% and only 3.9 % had low back pain. Most of them accessed their health in CMH (66.7%), where 17.6% reported to Govt. hospital and only a minor portion (15.7%) to private hospital. Moreover, 70.6% of them were not willing to regular health check-up. Conclusions: The most common NCDs were hypertension, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease. This study concluded with a few intervention strategies and community-based health promotion programs to reduce the burden of NCDs among the retired military personnel. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 35-39

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A study on physical activity in shift workers in an urban city of India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20194012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 4026

Author(s):

Shubhabrata Das ◽

Munmee Das ◽

Shomik Ray

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Shift Workers ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Urban City ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

Study Participants

Background: Physical inactivity has been identified as one of the leading risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Several studies have established the fact that shift working is associated with various non communicable diseases. Studies assessing the knowledge, attitude and practice towards physical activity amongst shift workers is almost non-existence even though it has been established that mediators like knowledge and attitude affect healthy behaviour and adoption of health improving behaviour. Thus this study aims to assess the knowledge-attitude-practice of physical activity among shift workers in Gurugram city which is the centre of various BPO/KPO companies in India.Methods: The present study is an organization based cross sectional study. Interviewer administered questionnaire were used to capture information on physical activity. Information on knowledge and attitude was collected using a piloted and pretested questionnaire. Practice of physical activity was collected using global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ). Descriptive and linear regression analyses were performed using Ms-Excel and STATA (13).Results: Our study found that nearly fifty percent of the study participants were physically inactive and only 18% of the study participants knew recommended minimum weekly intensity of physical activity. Physical activity was found to be significantly associated with overall knowledge score (p<0.01).Conclusions: Knowledge regarding physical activity among the study participants was not adequate as reflected in their physical activity practice, hence knowledge and awareness towards physical activity should be enhanced to prevent non communicable diseases amongst the shift workers.

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Risk factors for non communicable diseases among transport and security personnel of a health sciences university in coastal Karnataka

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20200571 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 872

Author(s):

Sumit Audichya ◽

Pavithra H. ◽

Harikrishnan V. ◽

Kibballi Madhukeshwar Akshaya

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Sciences ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Study Participants

Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the rise among workers in various occupations resulting in morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to assess the various risk factors and associated socio-demographic factors among the security and transport personnel working in a health sciences university in Mangaluru.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted among all the security and transport personnel. Questionnaire based on WHO-STEPS approach was used. Blood pressure (BP) measurements were recorded.Results: Total 167 study participants were enrolled; 57.5% were security and rest were transport personnel. Physical activity was perceived as light by 63.5% participants. Current smokers constituted to 26% and 33.5% consumed alcohol in past 12 months. Eighteen percent of them top salted their food. Among participants who were apparently healthy, 12.5% and 23.4% had raised systolic and diastolic BP. Associations between the areas of residence (p=0.004) and type of occupation (p<0.001) were found to be significant.Conclusions: Prevalence of risk factors of NCDs was high among study participants. Only few study subjects were physically active and majority of them felt that their routine work provided them with light physical activity. Around one third of the participants consumed tobacco and alcohol. Around 1/4th of the study participants who were not known hypertensive, were found with increased levels of blood pressure.

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Socio-demographic and morbidity pattern of geriatric population in rural area of Puducherry: a community based cross sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203896 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 3393

Author(s):

Gnanamani Gnanasabai ◽

Mohan Kumar ◽

Chithra Boovaragasamy ◽

Mujibur Rahman

Keyword(s):

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Problems ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Health Programs ◽

Community Based ◽

Geriatric Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Regular Screening ◽

Study Participants

Background: Ageing leads to lower effectiveness of physiological functions accompanied by increase in risk factors for various diseases and on the other hand, the burden of their health problems in on rise. Understanding the morbidity pattern and social determinants of the elderly pave a way to plan and supplement health programs that are need based and locally acceptable. Objective was to assess the socio-demographic determinants and the morbidity pattern among geriatric population of rural Puducherry.Methods: A community based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among the geriatric population residing in selected areas of rural Puducherry. Interviews using semi-structured pretested proforma were conducted for capturing information on socio-demographic variables and morbidity patterns.Results: Around 71.69% receive social assistance in any form. The most common morbidities present among the study participants were arthritis (31.35%), hypertension (22.66%) and diabetes mellitus (16.59%).Conclusions: There are considerable health problems due to old age among elderly, so regular screening required early in life for ensuring healthy ageing.

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Health seeking behaviour of geriatric population in rural area of Puducherry: a community based cross sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203941 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 3665

Author(s):

Gnanamani Gnanasabai ◽

Mohan Kumar ◽

Chithra Boovaragasamy ◽

Mujibur Rahman ◽

Poovitha Ramamurthy

Keyword(s):

Health Sector ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Seeking Behaviour ◽

Health Seeking ◽

Community Based ◽

Geriatric Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Background Population ◽

Study Participants

Background: Population ageing is a great concern for the health sector. The health-seeking behaviour of elderly individuals can help in ascertaining their needs and priorities to develop appropriate policies for their care and avert disease progression. Objective was to assess health seeking behaviour of the elderly residing in rural Puducherry.Methods: A community based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among the geriatric population residing in selected areas of rural Puducherry. Interviews using semi-structured pretested proforma were conducted for capturing information on health seeking behaviour.Results: Out of the total study participants, 403 (64.8%) were suffering from chronic illness. Around 81.1% of them were seeking treatment. Majority of the elders (97.9%) preferred Allopathy system for their chronic illness.Conclusions: Awareness among the elderly population is imperative and can be done by regular medical check-ups by ensuring early detection of the chronic diseases and curtail complications.

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Tingkat Stres Lansia dengan Penyakit Tidak Menular

Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa ◽

10.26714/jkj.8.2.2020.123-128 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 123

Author(s):

Dian Aulia Kurniawati ◽

Mateus Sakundarno Adi ◽

Rita Hadi Widyastuti

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

The Elderly ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Health Centers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Stress Scale ◽

Moderate Stress ◽

Diabetes Melitus

Stres pada lansia dengan penyakit tidak menular merupakan masalah psikososial yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup dan kesejahteraan lansia apabila tidak segera diatasi, terutama dalam hal perawatan dirinya yang berpusat pada kepatuhan dalam pengobatan serta manajemen diri. Namun, penelitian yang membahas tentang tingkat stres pada lansia dengan penyakit tidak menular di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pudakpayung Kota Semarang belum tersedia sehingga penelitian ini perlu dilakukan untuk melihat tingkat stres lansia dengan penyakit tidak menular: diabetes mellitus dan hipertensi. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 109 lansia dengan penyakit tidak menular yang didapatkan melalui teknik total sampling di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pudakpayung di Kota Semarang pada tahun 2020. Kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini adalah lansia berusia 60 tahun keatas dengan penyakit tidak menular yaitu diabetes melitus dan hipertensi, menderita penyakit < 5 tahun. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Depresion, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-42) berisi 14 pertanyaan, dengan tingkatan Discriminant validity dan mempunyai reliabilitas sebesar 0,8806 berdasarkan Cronbach Alpha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lansia dengan diabetes melitus sebagian besar mengalami stres sedang sebesar 62,7% dan lansia dengan hipertensi mengalami stres sedang sebesar 59,1%. Kata kunci: lansia, penyakit tidak menular, stres STRESS LEVELS IN ELDERLY WITH NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES ABSTRACTStress in elderly with Non-communicable Diseases is an psychosocial problem that can affect the quality of life and well-being of the elderly if not immediately addressed, especially in terms of self-care that is centered on adherence in medication and self-management. However, research that discusses about the levels of stress in elderly with non-communicable diseases in the working area of Pudakpayung’s Public Health Centers in Semarang City is not yet available, so this research are needs to be done to look at the stress levels in elderly with non-communicable diseases : diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The study used a cross sectional design with 107 elderly with non-communicable diseases to be a sample obtained through total sampling techniques in Pudakpayung’s Public Health Centers in Semarang City on 2020. The criteria of inclusion in this study were the elderly aged 60 years and above with non-communicable diseases, suffering from illness < 5 years. The instruments used in this study were Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-42) contains 14 questions, with levels Discriminant validity and reliability have amounted to 0,8806 by Cronbach Alpha. The results showed that elderly with diabetes mellitus mostly experienced moderate stress by 62,7% and the elderly with hypertension experienced moderate stress by 59.1%. Keywords: elderly, non-communicable diseases, stress

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Addressing non-communicable diseases in the Western Cape, South Africa

Journal of Public Health Research ◽

10.4081/jphr.2019.1534 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nasheetah Solomons ◽

H. Salome Kruger ◽

Thandi R. Pouane

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Community Participation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Western Cape ◽

Intervention Programme ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Department Of Health ◽

Study Participants

Background: Chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) are increasing with grave consequences to countries’ development. The purpose of this study was three-fold: (1) to determine challenges PURE study participants faced regarding CNCD interventions and what they required from a CNCD intervention programme, and (2) to explore courses of action Department of Health (DoH) officials thought would perform best, as well as (3) to determine what DoH officials perceive to be obstacles in addressing the CNCD epidemic. Design and methods: A subsample of 300 participants from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological study’s Western Cape urban cohort and six key officers from the DoH were recruited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Questionnaires were used in face-to-face interviews with the PURE study participants and DoH officials, together with the multi-criteria mapper (MCM) interviewing method with the latter. Results: Most PURE participants were overweight/obese, but not keen to participate in weight loss interventions. They sought education on foods associated with weight gain, shopping lists, cooking lessons and recipes from CNCD intervention programmes. Department of Health officials regarded the integration of health services, community participation, amongst others as the most favourable options to address the CNCD epidemic.Conclusions: The integration of health services, community participation, food taxation and improving inter-sectoral partnerships were viewed as the most feasible options to address the CNCD epidemic according to the DoH officials. At community level, the needs for education and practical hints were expressed. Current CNCD interventions should be adapted to include the context-based needs of communities.

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Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension amongst the HIV-positive population at a district hospital in eThekwini, South Africa

African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine ◽

10.4102/phcfm.v13i1.2766 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Althea Rajagopaul ◽

Mergan Naidoo

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

District Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Clinical Profiles ◽

Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Positive Population

Background: Life expectancies of HIV-positive patients have been increasing with the rapid implementation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This has led to an increase in comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT) amongst the HIV population. The burden of the non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as DM and HT need to be quantified in order to ensure that patients receive optimal integrated care as patients often access care at different clinics compromising holistic care.Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of DM and HT amongst the HIV-positive population.Setting: The study was conducted at Wentworth Hospital, a district facility in South Durban, KwaZulu-Natal.Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of two NCDs, namely DM and HT in HIV-positive patients attending the ART clinic at a district hospital in the eThekwini district. We compared the socio-demographic and clinical profiles of those with and without comorbidities. A sample of 301 HIV-positive patients were administered a structured questionnaire.Results: Of the 301 patients, 230 (76.41%) had HIV only (95% confidence interval [CI]: 71.25–80.89) and 71 (23.59%) had HIV and at least one comorbidity, namely DM and/or HT (95% CI: 19.11-28.75). Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity. This study revealed that there was no association between the duration of ART and comorbidities. Older age and body mass index (BMI) were associated with comorbidities, whilst gender and ethnicity were not associated.Conclusion: Non-communicable diseases such as DM and HT do pose a burden for HIV-positive patients attending the ARV clinic at this district facility. This study highlights the definite need to plan for the increased burden of NCDs as HIV-positive patients live longer and gain weight.

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