scholarly journals A Promising Role in the Cancer Prevention by Curcumin: Enriching the Clinical Translation

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Unithirumala Amitha ◽  
Dr. Ruman Shaik
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Traditional Manner

Cancer is a common disease that spreads throughout the blood circulation in the human body and destroys human life. The Human body has many numbers of cells; it grows divides and dies in the traditional manner. Sometimes the system goes wrong and an abandoned no of cells grows, which leads to cancer. The cancer cells combine together and form an extra mass of tissue known as tumour. As curcumin is shown to be non-toxic, further work is needed to substantiate the chemo preventive potentials of curcumin as the best alternative to chemotherapeutic agents which are adverse to cancer patients.

Clinical availability of chemotherapy response assay using adenosine triphosphate in breast cancer patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10592-10592
Author(s):  
J. Jeong ◽  
S. Lee ◽  
S. Yoon ◽  
W. Jung ◽  
H. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Chemotherapy Response ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Cell Death Rate ◽  
Her 2

10592 Background: The response to chemotherapeutic agents of breast cancer is heterogeneous from patient to patient. Several methods were developed to decide chemotherapeutic agents which were sensitive to individual patients but so far, there are no ways which is commonly used in the clinic to tailor the treatment. In this study, we performed the chemotherapy response assay using adenosine triphosphate (ATP-CRA) in breast cancer patients and assessed the clinical availability. Methods: From March 2004 to February 2005, 65 breast cancer patients were enrolled in this study. After elimination of normal contaminated cells, cancer cells were evenly divided and treated with commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs in breast cancer(doxorubicin, epirubicin, 5-FU, paclitaxel, docetaxel, vinorelbine, and gemcitabine). 7 Drug-treated cancer cells and untreated cancer cells were cultured for 48 hours and then ATP was measured. To verify in vitro ATP-CRA indirectly, we analyzed the correlation between cell death rate of doxorubicin and epirubicin, and between doxorubicin and paclitaxel. We also analyzed the mean death rate of doxorubicin, epirubicin and paclitaxel by HER-2 status. Results: The ATP-CRA was performed sucessfully in 62 patients. (95.4%) In all cases, we can get the results within 7 days. The range of cell death rate was very wide, from 0 to more than 50%, except gemcitabine. Epirubicin showed the highest mean cell death rate (35.7%) and doxorubicin, paclitaxel in order. According to the chemosensitivity index, paclitaxel is the most frequently first-ranked and doxorubicin, epirubicin in order. Correlation coefficient between the cell death rate of doxorubicin and epirubicin is 0.58 and 0.2 between paclitaxel and epirubicin. In HER-2 positive group, mean cell death rate of epirubicin and paclitaxel was significantly higher than in HER-2 negative group (p = 0.017, p = 0.036) and same trend was seen in doxorubicin but not statistically significant (p = 0.060). Conclusions: ATP-CRA showed heterogeneous results in individual patients. ATP-CRA was successful and can be performed within short time period. With indirect comparison, it showed similar results with in vivo studies but for clinical use, the prospective randomized controlled trial should be preceded. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Updated Review and Perspective on 20S Proteasome Inhibitors in the Treatment of Lung Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 392-409
Author(s):  
Sagar O. Rohondia ◽  
Zainab Sabry Othman Ahmed ◽  
Q. Ping Dou
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Proteasome Inhibitor ◽  
Proteasome Inhibitors ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
20S Proteasome ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients

: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Most lung cancer patients are diagnosed at advanced stages and may benefit from pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1 antibody), cytotoxic chemotherapy and other adjuvant therapies. Despite the availability of various therapies, the response and survival rates have been low. Therefore, the study of different targets for the treatment of lung cancer has been one of the major focuses of cancer research. : The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is a crucial regulator of cell homeostasis and plays an essential role in the growth and development of all cells. The UPS is dysregulated in human cancer cells including lung cancer cells. Therefore, targeting UPS is potentially a selective, effective treatment for lung cancer. Bortezomib, a 20S proteasome inhibitor that is clinically approved for the management of multiple myeloma, has been studied in various preclinical and clinical models of lung cancer. : Most preclinical studies have shown that a 20S proteasome inhibitor alone and its combination with other chemotherapeutic agents induce apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines and animal models. Owing to the impressive preclinical results, many clinical trials were initiated using 20S proteasome inhibitors either as monotherapy or in combination with other conventional lung cancer therapies. Many combinational therapies of 20S PIs with conventional chemotherapy were shown to be well tolerated in clinical trials. However, there have not been any consistent data showing the beneficial effects of such proteasome inhibitor-based therapies. Low clinical efficacy of 20S PIs in lung cancer patients may be due to low drug penetration, the status of 20S proteasomes, oncogene expressions and the inherited or acquired resistance. Potential mechanisms of PI resistance or low or no clinical activity in lung cancer cells might include alteration of apoptotic proteins, overexpression or alteration of β5 subunit, or upregulation of heat shock proteins. Various cutting-edge strategies to counter this resistance or improve 20S PIs’ efficacy in lung cancer cells have been reviewed which include novel combination therapies, new drug delivery systems, development of more potent PIs, and targeting different sites of the UPS. A better understanding of PI resistance mechanisms in lung cancer cells can help improve current clinical treatment strategies and clinical outcomes.

KIDNEY INJURY IN CANCER THERAPY

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Burnasheva ◽  
Y. V. Shatokhin ◽  
I. V. Snezhko ◽  
A. A. Matsuga
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Oxygen Intermediates ◽  
Circulating Blood Volume

Кidney injury is a frequent and significant complication of cancer and cancer therapy. The kidneys are susceptible to injury from malignant infiltration, damage by metabolites of malignant cells, glomerular  injury, nephrotoxic drugs including chemotherapeutic agents. Also  bone marrow transplantation complications, infections with immune  suppression (including septicemia), tumor lysis syndrome should be  taken into account. Chemotherapeutic agents are a common cause  of acute kidney injury but can potentially lead to chronic kidney  disease development in cancer patients. This article summarizes risk  factors of acute kidney injury in cancer patients. Risk factors are  divided into two groups. The systemic are decrease of total  circulating blood volume, infiltration of kidney tissue by tumor cells,  dysproteinemia, electrolyte disturbances. The local (renal) risk  factors are microcirculation disturbances, drugs biotransformation  with formation of reactive oxygen intermediates, high concentration of nephrotoxic agents in proximal tubules and its  sensitivity to ischemia. Drug-related risk factors include: drugs  combination with cytotoxic effect high doses long term use necessity, direct cytotoxic effect of not only chemotherapeutic agents but also its metabolites, mean solubility forming intratubular  precipitates. Early diagnosis, timely prevention and treatment of  these complications provide significantly improve nononcologic results of treatment.

PRDM14: A Potential Target for Cancer Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 945-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengting Ou ◽  
Shun Li ◽  
Liling Tang
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Precise Understanding ◽  
Pr Domain ◽  
Low Expression

PRDM14 belongs to the PR domain-containing (PRDM) family. Although a precise understanding focused on the function of PRDM14 to maintain stemness and pluripotency in embryonic stem cells via epigenetic mechanisms, growing experimental evidence has been linked PRDM14 to human cancers. In adults, PRDM14 has low expression in human tissues. Aberrant PRDM14 expression is connected with various malignant histological types and solid cancers, where PRDM14 can act as a driver of oncogenic processes. Overexpression of RPDM14 enhanced cancer cells growth and reduced cancer cells sensitive to chemotherapeutic agents. Reducing the expression of PRDM14 in cancer cells can enhance the therapeutic sensitivity of drugs to cancer cells, suggesting that aberrant PRDM14 may have a carcinogenic characteristic in tumor therapy and as a new molecular target. This review summarizes the structure and oncogenic properties of PRDM14 in different malignancies and suggests that PRDM14 may be a potential therapeutic molecular target for tumor treatment.

Emodin Enhances the Chemosensitivity of Endometrial Cancer by Inhibiting ROS-Mediated Cisplatin-resistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1054-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Ding ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Shan Su ◽  
Yumei Ding ◽  
Xiaohui Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Endometrial Cancer Cell ◽  
Animal Survival ◽  
Apoptosis Level

Background: Endometrial cancer is a common cause of death in gynecological malignancies. Cisplatin is a clinically chemotherapeutic agent. However, drug-resistance is the primary cause of treatment failure. Objective: Emodin is commonly used clinically to increase the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic agents, yet whether Emodin promotes the role of Cisplatin in the treatment of endometrial cancer has not been studied. Method: CCK-8 kit was utilized to determine the growth of two endometrial cancer cell lines, Ishikawa and HEC-IB. The apoptosis level of Ishikawa and HEC-IB cells was detected by Annexin V / propidium iodide double-staining assay. ROS level was detected by DCFH-DA and NADPH oxidase expression. Expressions of drug-resistant genes were examined by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Results: Emodin combined with Cisplatin reduced cell growth and increased the apoptosis of endometrial cancer cells. Co-treatment of Emodin and Cisplatin increased chemosensitivity by inhibiting the expression of drugresistant genes through reducing the ROS levels in endometrial cancer cells. In an endometrial cancer xenograft murine model, the tumor size was reduced and animal survival time was increased by co-treatment of Emodin and Cisplatin. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that Emodin enhances the chemosensitivity of Cisplatin on endometrial cancer by inhibiting ROS-mediated expression of drug-resistance genes.

scholarly journals Preparation and clinical translation of 99mTc-PSMA-11 for SPECT imaging of prostate cancer

MedChemComm ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2111-2117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusum Vats ◽  
Kanhaiyalal Agrawal ◽  
Rohit Sharma ◽  
Haladhar Dev Sarma ◽  
Drishty Satpati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Spect Imaging ◽  
Clinical Translation

This study explores the feasibility of radiolabeling the HBED-CC-PSMA (PSMA-11) ligand with Tc-99m for SPECT imaging of prostate cancer patients.

scholarly journals A Novel Synthetic Compound (E)-5-((4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)methyleneamino)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile Inhibits TNFα-Induced MMP9 Expression via EGR-1 Downregulation in MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 5080
Author(s):  
Munki Jeong ◽  
Euitaek Jung ◽  
Young Han Lee ◽  
Jeong Kon Seo ◽  
Seunghyun Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Synthetic Compound ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Mmp9 Expression ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Signaling Axis ◽  
Early Growth Response 1

Breast cancer is a common malignancy among women worldwide. Gelatinases such as matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9 play crucial roles in cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. To develop a novel platform compound, we synthesized a flavonoid derivative, (E)-5-((4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)methyleneamino)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile (named DK4023) and characterized its inhibitory effects on the motility and MMP2 and MMP9 expression of highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. We found that DK4023 inhibited tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-induced motility and F-actin formation of MDA-MB-231 cells. DK4023 also suppressed the TNFα-induced mRNA expression of MMP9 through the downregulation of the TNFα-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/early growth response 1 (EGR-1) signaling axis. These results suggest that DK4023 could serve as a potential platform compound for the development of novel chemopreventive/chemotherapeutic agents against invasive breast cancer.

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