scholarly journals PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES INFLUENCE ON THE LEVEL OF DISCRIMINATION AND STIGMATIZATION OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/ AIDS IN GARISSA COUNTY

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Osman S. Abdirahman ◽  
Dr. Sarah Onyango ◽  
Dr. Charles Walekhwa
Keyword(s):  
Target Population ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
The Public ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to establish the perceptions and attitudes influence on the level of discrimination and stigmatization of people living with HIV/ AIDS in Garissa County.Methodology: The target population of the study was all the patients with HIV and AIDS attending The Comprehensive care Centre at Garissa Provincial General Hospital in Garissa County. There are approximately 2000 people actively on ARVs attending the facility. A sample of 200 respondents was selected using random sampling from the listed list of all patients in the hospitals. The study used primary data. Data collection methods included: questionnaires and interview guide. Data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Information was sorted, coded and input into the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) for production of graphs, tables, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results were presented by use of tables and charts.Results: Based on the findings, the study concluded that perceived factors influenced stigmatization and discrimination levels. Specifically, the likelihood of females spreading HIV influenced levels of stigmatization and discrimination. Similarly, the likelihood of old people spreading HIV influenced levels of stigmatization and discrimination.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the findings, the study recommends that group therapy should be conducted regularly with an aim of encouraging members of the public to be tested and be aware of their HIV status. 

scholarly journals CLASS RELATIONS INFLUENCE ON THE LEVEL OF DISCRIMINATION AND STIGMATIZATION OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/ AIDS IN GARISSA COUNTY

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Osman S. Abdirahman ◽  
Dr. Sarah Onyango ◽  
Dr. Charles Walekhwa
Keyword(s):  
Civic Education ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Guidance And Counseling ◽  
Class Relations ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to establish whether class relations influences the level of discrimination and stigmatization of people living with HIV/ AIDS in Garissa County.Methodology: The target population of the study was all the patients with HIV and AIDS attending The Comprehensive care Centre at Garissa Provincial General Hospital in Garissa County. There are approximately 2000 people actively on ARVs attending the facility. A sample of 200 respondents was selected using random sampling from the listed list of all patients in the hospitals. The study used primary data. Data collection methods included: questionnaires and interview guide. Data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Information was sorted, coded and input into the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) for production of graphs, tables, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results were presented by use of tables and charts.Results: Based on the findings, the study concluded that class relations influenced the level of stigmatization and discrimination. Specifically, the level of income influenced stigmatization and discrimination levels.  People with high levels of income experienced less of stigmatization and discrimination compared to those with low levels of income. The study also concluded that the level of income is statistically significant in explaining stigmatization and discrimination of people living with HIV in Garissa County.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the findings, the study recommends that civic education and guidance and counseling would be of great importance in helping to iron out the wrong perceptions about HIV/AIDs. In addition, it would assist to reduce the levels of stigmatization and discrimination.

KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS INFLUENCE ON THE LEVEL OF DISCRIMINATION AND STIGMATIZATION OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/ AIDS IN GARISSA COUNTY

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Osman S. Abdirahman ◽  
Dr. Sarah Onyango ◽  
Dr. Charles Walekhwa
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Mosquito Bite ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to establish whether knowledge and awareness influences the level of discrimination and stigmatization of people living with HIV/ AIDS in Garissa County.Methodology: The target population of the study was all the patients with HIV and AIDS attending The Comprehensive care Centre at Garissa Provincial General Hospital in Garissa County. There are approximately 2000 people actively on ARVs attending the facility. A sample of 200 respondents was selected using random sampling from the listed list of all patients in the hospitals. The study used primary data. Data collection methods included: questionnaires and interview guide. Data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Information was sorted, coded and input into the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) for production of graphs, tables, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results were presented by use of tables and charts.Results: Based on the findings, the study concluded that knowledge levels on the transmission routes of HIV influenced stigmatization and discrimination levels. Specifically, knowledge level on whether HIV can be spread through a mosquito bite influenced stigmatization and discrimination. Further, the study concluded that the knowledge level on whether HIV can be spread through a mosquito bite is statistically significant in explaining stigmatization and discrimination of people living with HIV in Garissa County.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the findings, the study recommends that village barazas should be held regularly to increase public awareness and openness about HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals GENDER INFLUENCE ON THE LEVEL OF DISCRIMINATION AND STIGMATIZATION OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/ AIDS IN GARISSA COUNTY

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Osman S. Abdirahman ◽  
Dr. Sarah Onyango ◽  
Dr. Charles Walekhwa
Keyword(s):  
Target Population ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Gender Influence ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Gender Influences ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Hiv Aids

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to establish whether gender influences the level of discrimination and stigmatization of people living with HIV/ AIDS in Garissa County.Methodology: The target population of the study was all the patients with HIV and AIDS attending The Comprehensive care Centre at Garissa Provincial General Hospital in Garissa County. There are approximately 2000 people actively on ARVs attending the facility. A sample of 200 respondents was selected using random sampling from the listed list of all patients in the hospitals. The study used primary data. Data collection methods included: questionnaires and interview guide. Data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Information was sorted, coded and input into the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) for production of graphs, tables, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results were presented by use of tables and charts.Results: Based on the findings, the study concluded that gender does not influence stigmatization and discrimination levels.  Stigmatization and discrimination occurred to anyone irrespective of their gender. The study concluded that gender is not statistically significant in explaining stigmatization and discrimination of people living with HIV in Garissa County.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the findings, the study recommends that health drives and campaigns should be conducted in order to raise the knowledge levels on how HIV can be spread.  

scholarly journals Respons Orang Hidup Dengan HIV AIDS (OHIDHA) Dalam Upaya Penanggulangan HIV AIDS di Kabupaten Sukoharjo dan Grobogan

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Arrum Firda Ayu Maqfiroch ◽  
Zahroh Shaluhiyah
Keyword(s):  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
P Value ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Keywords Aids ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRAKPenanggulangan HIV AIDS membutuhkan keterlibatan dari berbagai pihak. Salah satu pihak yang terlibat adalah OHIDHA. OHIDHA merupakan anggota keluarga yang hidup bersama ODHA dan memberikan dukungan kepada ODHA. Stigma di Kabupaten Sukoharjo dan Grobogan masih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apakah yang menentukan respons OHIDHA dalam upaya penanggulangan HIV AIDS di Kabupaten Sukoharjo dan Grobogan.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan data kuantitatif melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner. Penelitian ini didukung dengan penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data FGD. Jumlah responden adalah 92 OHIDHA, proporsi 50% dan selang kepercayaan 95%. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dengan distribusi frekuensi, bivariat menggunakan Chi-Square dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berhubungan dengan respons OHIDHA adalah hubungan dengan ODHA (p-value=0,001), lama hidup dengan ODHA (p-value=0,030), lama mengetahui status ODHA (p-value=0,001) dan sikap (p-value=0,005). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa sikap (p-value=0,006) merupakan variabel yang mempunyai pengaruh paling signifikan dibanding variabel lainnya.Kata Kunci : OHIDHA, respons, Grobogan, Sukoharjo Respons of People Living With HIV AIDS to Control HIV and AIDS in Sukoharjo and Grobogan District; Controlling HIV and AIDS requird the involvement of various sector. One of the sector involved is People Living With HIV AIDS (PLWHA).  PLWHA is a family member who lives with people living with HIV and provide support to people living with HIV. Stigma in Sukoharjo and Grobogan still high. This study aims to determine the factors that determine whether the PLWHA response in control to HIV and AIDS in Sukoharjo Grobogan. This research was a quantitative study with cross sectional approach. Quantitative data collection techniques through interviews with questionnaires . This research was supported by qualitative research with FGD. The number of respondents was 92 PLWHA, the proportion of 50% and 95% confidence interval . Analysis of the data using univariate analysis with frequency distribution, bivariate using Chi-Square and multivariate using logistic regression. The results showed that the variables related to the PLWHA response is a relationship with people living with HIV ( p = 0,001 ) , long life with people living with HIV ( p = 0.030 ) , longer know the status of PLWHA ( 0.001 ) and attitude ( p = 0.005 ). Multivariate analysis showed that the attitude (p value = 0,006) was a variable that has the most significant effect compared to other variables .Keywords : AIDS , response , Grobogan , Sukoharjo

Twenty one years of HIV/AIDS medicines in the newspaper: patents, protest, and philanthropy

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Owen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
The Media ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

In 1996, highly active antiretrovirals (ARVs) were released to the public, radically altering the health prospects of people living with HIV and AIDS. In the two decades since, ARVs have become the subject of intense political debate and social justice mobilization. In particular, ARV intellectual property patent protections have become a high-profile trade and diplomacy issue, while major philanthropic organizations have entered the fray to support large-scale treatment programs. This article maps 21 years of HIV/AIDS medicines coverage in mainstream newspapers to illustrate these developments and contestations. It demonstrates two main processes: first, where civil society mobilization successfully promoted ARVs onto the media and policy agenda, and second, where issue fragmentation and a changing political and media context saw ARVs dramatically exit the news coverage, despite the continuing catastrophic scale of the global HIV/AIDS medicines crisis.

scholarly journals Suicidal ideation and attempt among people living with HIV/AIDS in selected public hospitals: Central Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kefyalew Dagne Gizachew ◽  
Yigrem Ali Chekol ◽  
Elyas Admasu Basha ◽  
Shiferaw Abeway Mamuye ◽  
Abate Dargie Wubetu
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Suicide is the act of intentionally causing one's own death. HIV/AIDS continues to be associated with an under-recognized risk for suicidal behavior. Suicidal behavior among people living with HIV/AIDS is not only a predictor of future attempted suicide and completed suicide, but it is also associated with poor quality of life and poor adherence with antiretroviral therapy. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in selected public hospitals of Amhara region, central Ethiopia. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study design was employed. The study was conducted in four public hospitals in North Shewa Zone from May to December 2017. Study population comprised all HIV-infected individuals from Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) clinic. A total of 348 study subjects were recruited using systematic random sampling and 326 completed the interview. Suicidality module from Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was modified to assess suicidal behavior. Crude and adjusted OR was analyzed using logistic regression and the level of significance of association was determined at P value < 0.05. Result A total of 326 (93.7%) study subjects were interviewed. The magnitude of suicidal ideation and attempt was found to be 16% and 7.1%, respectively. Low monthly income, living alone, suicidal thought before knowing seropositive status, family history of suicide, experiencing mild and moderate-to-severe depression and anxiety symptoms, being gossiped sometimes in the last 12 months of the study period due to HIV status and ever use of khat (a psychoactive substance) was statistically significant associated factor with suicidal ideation. And low monthly income, experiencing mild and moderate-to-severe depression and anxiety symptoms, being gossiped sometimes and often in the previous 12 months of the study period due to HIV status and using alcohol currently were significantly associated factors with suicidal attempt. Conclusion Suicidal ideation and attempt among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in this study were higher than prevalence in the general population. This shows suicidal ideation and attempt is a mental health concern of PLWHA and it needs great attention in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Self Picture Stigma of People with HIV AIDS in Polyclinic Cendana Ngudi Waluyo Wlingi Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Endah Tri Suryani
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Internalized Stigma ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Stigma Of Mental Illness ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

The spread of HIV and AIDS in Indonesia over the last five years is quite high. United NationsAIDS (UNAIDS) even dub Indonesia as an Asia’s country with most spread of HIV/AIDS. However thefear of stigma and discrimination against PLWHA (people living with HIV/AIDS) remains a majorobstacle. The purpose of this research was to describe self stigma of HIV/AIDS in poly Cendana NgudiWaluyo Hospital Wlingi based questionnaire ISMI (Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness) that includeda portrait of alienation, acceptance of stereotypes, experience of discrimination, social withdrawal,and rejection of stigma. The samples were 27 people with HIV/AIDS. The results showed that generallyself stigma of HIV/AIDS were low 44.4% (12 patients). This result, indicated that the motivation ofpeople living with HIV/AIDS as well as their moral support was instrumental in lowering self-stigma.Recommendations from this study were expected for health care to prevent and overcome self stigma ofHIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING STIGMA – THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL APPROACHES

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1529-1535
Author(s):  
Rumiana Budjeva
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Stigma is a powerful tool for social control. It can be used to differentiate, exclude or exert pressure on certain individuals or groups of people who have certain characteristics. Stigma does great harm to both the individual and society as a whole. The main objective of stigma is to maintain visible the negative qualities of the individual in order to place them in a disadvantaged position and lasting social and psychological isolation. However, stigma goes beyond the level of the individual and becomes a social problem when it affects wider categories of people. The main purpose of the report is to seek adequate scientific approaches and methods to understanding and study of the phenomenon social stigma. Stigmatized people are often subject to rejection and social exclusion. In its extreme forms stigma turns into discrimination which directly violates their civil and human rights. Stigma and discrimination, seen as violations of fundamental human rights, can occur at different levels: political, economic, social, psychological and institutional. As social processes through which social control is created and maintained, generating, legitimizing and reproducing social inequality, stigma and discrimination are at the heart of the vicious circle in which some groups of people are underestimated and others feel superior and untouchable. To illustrate the process of stigmatization, we will use the example of people living with HIV / AIDS. Theory of stigmatization plays an important explanatory role in the experience of a comprehensive understanding of the social relations of phenomena such as HIV / AIDS. The deep understanding of the mechanisms by which stigma and discriminatory attitudes affect the overall life of people living with HIV / AIDS will help us not only to treat adequate them, but to form a workable and effective action against the spread of the disease. From the moment when scientists are confronted with HIV and AIDS, the social response to fear, denial, stigma and discrimination has accompanied the epidemic. It can be said that HIV and AIDS are more of a social phenomenon than a pure biological or medical problem. It leads to an unfounded sense of shame and guilt and a sense of futility. Stigma incites depression and despair, causes lack of self-esteem. It pushes people to mental and social isolation and deprives them of support and care, increasing their vulnerability. In this way, stigma exacerbates the negative impact of the disease and increases the risk of its spread.

scholarly journals HIV and AIDS in South Africa: a social and moral responsibility in shaping organisational action

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Renitha Rampersad
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Medium Businesses ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

In recent years, the interest in corporate social responsibility issues has shown an increase. Worldwide problems, especially those related to HIV/AIDS, caught public attention towards Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) themes. In a country with more people living with HIV/AIDS than in any other nation (UNAIDS 2007), prevention and treatment is critical. HIV/AIDS is seen to be threatening the communities in which businesses are functioning and is further threatening the business itself. This article examines the moral and social responsibility of the corporate sector in its effort to deal with the issue of HIV/AIDS. Big business leaders have recognized the threat of HIV/AIDS to the workplace and have positioned responses towards the disease from an ethical, legal and cost-effective business perspective; however the response from small to medium businesses is relatively weak. This article conveys a descriptive critique, based on bibliographic research on Corporate Social Responsibility, HIV/AIDS and related concepts.

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