Crestien’s Guillaume d’Angleterre / William of England

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Literature ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Real World ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
English Version ◽  
Critical Material ◽  
Medieval Studies ◽  
Popular Romance ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Annotated Translation

An edition with facing annotated translation of the 12th-century Medieval French popular romance Guillaume d’Angleterre. The claim to fame of this verse narrative is to have had its authorship attributed (falsely) to Chrétien de Troyes, the most famous of all 12th-century Medieval French narrative poets. This prototypical adventure romance and is representative of a literary genre that has recently seen a renewal of interest among medieval literary critics. An amusing tale of late twelfth-century social mobility, the romance tells of a bewildering series of adventures that befall a fictitious king who deliberately abandons his royal status to enter the ‘real’ world of knights, wolves, pirates and merchants. He and his family, dispersed by events between Bristol, Galway and Caithness, are finally re-united at Yarmouth thanks to a climactic stag hunt. The book is designed for students of French, Medieval Studies, Comparative Literature and English, and for all medieval scholars interested in having an English version of a typical medieval adventure romance. It is the first authoritative English translation of this text, and all of its critical material is new.

scholarly journals Writing letters and chronography in parallel: the case of Michael Glykas’ letter collection and Biblos Chronike in the 12th century

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-852
Author(s):  
Eirini-Sophia Kiapidou
Keyword(s):  
Literary Genre ◽  
Literary Production ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Letter Collection

AbstractThis paper focuses on the 12th-century Byzantine scholar Michael Glykas and the two main pillars of his multifarious literary production, Biblos Chronike and Letters, thoroughly exploring for the first time the nature of their interconnection. In addition to the primary goal, i. e. clarifying as far as possible the conditions in which these two works were written, taking into account their intertextuality, it extends the discussion to the mixture of features in texts of different literary genre, written in parallel, by the same author, based on the same material. By presenting the evidence drawn from the case of Michael Glykas, the paper attempts to stress the need to abandon the strictly applied taxonomical logic in approaching Byzantine Literature, as it ultimately prevents us from constitute the full mark of each author in the history of Byzantine culture.

7. The ‘Middle Ages’ in our daily lives

2014 ◽  
pp. 116-125
Author(s):  
Miri Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Church Law ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
Poetry And Music

‘The “Middle Ages” in our daily lives’ discusses some of the legacies of this period: universities, the printed book, and song. The 12th century saw increased specialization in centres of learning under the auspices of emperors, kings, and popes. Universities were first created in Bologna and Paris, and offered the highest training in medicine, church law, and civil law. It trained those who went on to become the highest state officials and prelates of the church. The culture of young adulthood fostered in universities, and the possibilities for social mobility they afforded, is still seen today. The development of the printed book and the combination of poetry and music in song is also considered.

scholarly journals Antjie Krog’s Mede-wete/Synapse as a challenge to new ways of comparative reading

Literator ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Viljoen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Literature ◽  
American Association ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
The State ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
English Version ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Literary Systems

This article reads Antjie Krog’s volume of poetry Mede-wete and its English version Synapse (both published in 2014) against the background of Rebecca Walkowitz’s proposal that the future of comparative literature will entail what she calls ‘foreign reading’. In her contribution to the American Association of Comparative Literature’s 2015 report on the state of the discipline of comparative literature (http://stateofthediscipline.acla.org) Walkowitz argues that literary texts increasingly enter the world in different languages and that this requires readings that move away from the idea that literary texts ‘belong’ to a single language, that explore the diverse ways in which they are read in different languages and that acknowledges that literary texts exist in the space created by a language’s relationship to other languages. This article takes Walkowitz’s observations as the vantage point for a discussion of the ways in which Krog’s volume (1) foreignises the Afrikaans language in order to become part of an interconnected whole; (2) urges readers, critics and literary practitioners to move beyond the confines of language-based literary systems; and (3) forces them to engage in a variety of different readings, including partial readings and collaborative readings, in order to become embedded in a larger community

scholarly journals Enabling Science Fiction

2021 ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Camilla Hrdy ◽  
Daniel Brean
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Real World ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Time Travel ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
Patent System ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
Perpetual Motion

Patent law promotes innovation by giving inventors 20-year-long exclusive rights to their inventions. To be patented, however, an invention must be “enabled,” meaning the inventor must describe it in enough detail to teach others how to make and use the invention at the time the patent is filed. When inventions are not enabled, like a perpetual motion machine or a time travel device, they are derided as “mere science fiction”—products of the human mind, or the daydreams of armchair scientists, that are not suitable for the patent system. This Article argues that, in fact, the literary genre of science fiction has its own unique—albeit far laxer—enablement requirement. Since the genre’s origins, fans have demanded that the inventions depicted in science fiction meet a minimum standard of scientific plausibility. Otherwise, the material is denigrated as lazy hand-waving or, worse, “mere fantasy.” Taking this insight further, the Article argues that, just as patents positively affect the progress of science and technology by teaching others how to make and use real inventions, so too can science fiction, by stimulating scientists’ imagination about what sorts of technologies might one day be possible. Thus, like patents, science fiction can have real world impacts for the development of science and technology. Indeed, the Article reveals that this trajectory—from science fiction to science reality—can be seen in the patent record itself, with several famous patents tracing their origins to works of science fiction.

Ein Leben Mohammeds

Millennium ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-232
Author(s):  
Paul Dräger
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Latin Text ◽  
General Development ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Guibert Of Nogent ◽  
The City ◽  
Annotated Translation

AbstractThe principal purpose and nucleus of the article is the publication of a Latin text of highly demanding qualities in terms of philological principles which, in connection with its first abundantly annotated translation into German, has hitherto scarcely been noticed by researchers. The only literary collection which bears witness to the existence of the manuscript is a folio edition which presumably came into being in the middle of the 12th century, i. e. during the time of the crusades (conquest of Jerusalem in 1099) and is kept in the municipal library of the city of Treves. The dialogue between the anonymous author and a Greek, who hates the Saracens, forms the content. When, in the centre of the text, the author asks about Mohammed, the ‘monster’ (monstrum), the Greek relates the life of the hater of all Christians in the darkest colours. He begins wit Mohammed’s youth when he was a swineherd, continues with his devil-initiated encounter with the heretic Nestorius and the general development of a new common ‘faith’ as well as its spreading among the desert tribes by means of sorcery and deceipt and the student’s treacherous murder of his teacher. The assassin is then married to a Babylonian royal widow and, finally, meets his contumelious death caused by a pigs’ attack. The repeated comparison of our text with poetical ‘western’ scripts of the 11th and 12th centuries (Embricho of Mayence, Guibert of Nogent, Walter of Compiègne) as regards the subject matter leads us to the conclusion that our manuscript is likely to be of a most Islam critical tendency.

scholarly journals The Book of Leviticus Interpreted as Jewish Community

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Biblical Text ◽  
Biblical Exegesis ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Belief Structures ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Direct Correspondence

This article addresses an essay, published in 2001 by John Van Engen, entitled "Ralph of Flaix:  The Book of Leviticus Interpreted as Christian Community.”  Ralph’s voluminous commentary, composed and published in the mid-twelfth century, aimed, in Van Engen’s words, at “refuting Jewish arguments” about the biblical book and the nature of the levitical law, particularly as these arguments might influence young Christian clerics who were “fascinated and troubled by a close reading of the biblical text.”The present article examines three rabbinic commentaries on Leviticus roughly contemporary with Ralph, those of Rashi, Rashbam and R. Joseph Bekhor Shor.  Through examining the “close reading” through which these three exegetes interpreted specific biblical texts, the article considers whether or not they presented what might be considered as “the Book of Leviticus Interpreted as Jewish Community” and as such conveyed what may have been the types of arguments with which Ralph was in conversation.The article does not attempt to provide a direct correspondence between specific Jewish and Christian exegetes.  Rather, the article suggests that the content and form of 12th century Jewish and Christian biblical exegesis bespeak a type of conversation among those using the literary genre of “commentary writing,” and that it is possible to gain an understanding of the contours of that conversation through analysis of the commentaries they wrote.  Additionally, the article examines ways in which medieval Jewish exegetes may have advanced arguments in their commentaries that were intended to sustain the Jewish community in their observances and belief structures in the presence of Christian hegemony. 

A Study of Homophily on Social Media

2011 ◽  
pp. 17-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil Bisgin ◽  
Nitin Agarwal ◽  
Xiaowei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Real World ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
The Real ◽  
Infinite Space ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Significant Question

Similarity breeds connections, the principle of homophily, has been well studied in existing sociology literature. Several studies have observed this phenomenon by conducting surveys on human subjects. These studies have concluded that new ties are formed between similar individuals. This phenomenon has been used to explain several socio-psychological concepts such as segregation, community development, social mobility, etc. However, due to the nature of these studies and limitations because of involvement of human subjects, conclusions from these studies are not easily extensible in online social media. Social media, which is becoming the infinite space for interactions, has exceeded all the expectations in terms of growth, for reasons beyond human comprehension. New ties are formed in social media in the same way that they emerge in the real world. However, given the differences between real-world and online social media, do the same factors that govern the construction of new ties in the real world also govern the construction of new ties in social media? In other words, does homophily exist in social media? In this chapter, the authors study this highly significant question and propose a systematic approach by studying two online social media sites, BlogCatalog and Last.fm, and report our findings along with some interesting observations.

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