scholarly journals THE REALITY OF THE EVALUATION OF EDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN THE LIGHT OF THE COMPETENCY-BASED APPROACH

2022 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 605-616
Author(s):  
Brahim TAMETELT ◽  
Asma Ben YAHIA
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Optimal Investment ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Educational Performance ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Competency Based

Scientific research endeavors to provide theoretical approaches to various fields and fields, It has been valued by field applications in experimental and descriptive studies on samples planned in several environments, In the pursuit of effective learning through an optimal investment of the learner's environment and its pillars, and by extending the activities of the school outside, from hypothetical problems to real problems of the reality of the learner life. The philosophy of the competency-based approach and its procedures were based on constructive steps to achieve the above, However, she stood on a deep challenge depicted in the assessment, When all the activities are based on the learner's use of his experiences to respond to all the situations he is confronted with, It is therefore a continuous process of evaluation. before that; This research presents a theoretical approach to evaluation in general, with a focus on evaluation in the pedagogy of the competency-based approach, Highlight its foundations, its theoretical background and its practical difficulties, while promoting research with an office approach between the theoretical aspect stipulated in the process and the real environment in which it takes place.

Overcoming the theoretical duality on social enterprise formation

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro da Silva Nascimento ◽  
Viviane Santos Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Initial Idea

Purpose Nowadays, creation and discovery theories are the two main theoretical approaches supporting the studies on the emergence of enterprises and some scholars analyze these theories in isolation. In addition, studies that investigate the emergence of social enterprises based on these theories together are scarce. This paper aims to analyze if and how discovery and creation theories can coexist in the formation process of social enterprises. Design/methodology/approach A multi-case study based on semi-structured interviews with the founders of eight Brazilian social enterprises was conducted. Findings From the results, it is identified that there is a continuous process between discoveries and creations that lead to the maturation of the initial idea and, consequently, to the formation of a social enterprise. Therefore, a continuous process model between discovery and creation of opportunities in the formation of a social enterprise (i.e. a mixed theoretical approach) is proposed, going beyond a theoretical duality between creation or discovery. Originality/value This study helps to overcome limitations inherent in both discovery and creation theories, proposing a mixed theoretical approach. This new theoretical approach praises the existence of new paths to understand the emergence of social enterprises, by overcoming the theoretical duality between creation or discovery of opportunities, i.e. a new understanding of an integrating process rather than a dichotomous one.

Analysis of commercial and marketing risks: the theoretical aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
M. Luchko ◽  
A. Hryhoruk ◽  
L. Lytvyn
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Separate Group ◽  
Human Potential

Theoretical issues of analysis of a separate group of financial risks, such as, commercial and marketing, are investigated. The systematic approach as one of the main methods of scientific research, the classical method of hypotheses and other general methods of scientific research are used and applied in this paper. The theoretical and conceptual principles of risk as one of the complex categories of the economy, which is inherent in all phases of the business life cycle and analysis of commercial and marketing risks on the basis of a separate group of indicators that most completely characterize them are investigated in this paper. The presented research problem, the need to test the hypotheses adopted in the investigation, the need to develop theoretical foundations determined the division of the research process into specific stages and the choice of appropriate methods in each of them. It is noted that profound general and professional knowledge prevail in risk management, and thus the ability to make independent decisions, rational use of time, economic and human potential. It is proved that in order to achieve the management goal, the knowledge acquisition is constant and continuous process in time, where human labor acquires the features of creative work. The peculiarities of risk as an economic category, classification features, its assessment, influencing factors, the purpose of control, identification and verification in the theory of decision making are investigated. Proposals for the calculation of its individual indicators of commercial and marketing risks and the decision-making matrix in terms of these risks are given. Risk consideration is important while making business decisions. The main results of the investigation are substantiation and development of theoretical principles of commercial and marketing risk, analysis of their indicators in the process of making management decisions. The practical value of theoretical results is in their production orientation.The implementation of these proposals in economic activity will significantly increase the level of management of commercial and marketing activities and will significantly reduce the negative impact of risk on financial results.

scholarly journals A note on soft near-rings and idealistic soft near-rings

Filomat ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslıhan Sezgin ◽  
Osman Atagün ◽  
Emin Aygün
Keyword(s):  
Set Theory ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Soft Set ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Soft Sets ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

Molodtsov introduced the theory of soft sets, which can be seen as an effective mathematical tool to deal with uncertainties, since it is free from the difficulties that the usual theoretical approaches have troubled. In this paper, we apply the definitions proposed by Ali et al. [M. I. Ali, F. Feng, X. Liu, W. K. Min and M. Shabir, On some new operations in soft set theory, Comput. Math. Appl. 57 (2009), 1547-1553] to the concept of soft near- rings and substructures of soft near-rings, proposed by Atag?n and Sezgin [A. O. Atag?n and A. Sezgin, Soft Near-rings, submitted] and show them with illustrating examples. Moreover, we investigate the properties of idealistic soft near-rings with respect to the near-ring mappings and we show that the structure is preserved under the near-ring epimorphisms. Main purpose of this paper is to extend the study of soft near-rings from a theoretical aspect.

scholarly journals Variety of theoretical approaches to legal interpretation

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
A. Yе. Shevchenko ◽  
S. V. Kudin
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Legal Interpretation ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law

The article explores the variety of theoretical approaches to legal interpretation. It has been determined that the variety of approaches to legal interpretation is due to the complexity of the nature of the origin of this phenomenon, the conditions for the development of post-non-classical science, and the recent influence of the paradigm of comparism, which assumes pluralism of opinions and ideas in legal research. It was found that in modern science there are four traditional theoretical approaches to the essence of legal interpretation. It has been determined that the content of the first approach is revealed within the framework of legal hermeneutics through a number of categories. The essence of the second approach (formal dogmatic or static) is expressed in the fact that the subject of interpretation must strictly and rigorously follow the letter of the law, establish only the meaning of the normative legal act, which the lawmaking body enshrined in it at the time of the publication of the act. That is why normative legal acts cannot, through interpretation, adapt to the changing economic, social, political, cultural internal and external conditions of public life. It is proved that the essence of the dynamic theoretical approach lies in the fact that the subject of legal interpretation adapts the normative legal act to the changes that occur in various social relations. It was found that there is a contradiction between the dynamic and static approaches in legal interpretation, which is reflected in the traditionally called objective and subjective theories of interpretation. According to the subjective theory, the purpose of legal interpretation is to establish the «will of the legislator», and according to the objective theory – to establish the «will of the law». It has been substantiated that the essence of the activity approach is that interpretation is considered as a special kind of legal activity aimed at understanding and clarifying the content of legal texts. The authors of this article point out that in order to establish the true nature of legal interpretation, the methodological foundations of the study should be presented much broader and more diverse, and not be limited only to traditional approaches. When studying it, a comprehensive, integrative approach is needed, which, based on the relevance of interdisciplinary relationships, would include logical, language (linguistic), philosophical, sociological, psychological, axiological (value), ethical, legal, historical, economic, political, mathematical and other substantiation of legal interpretation. Keywords: diversity, theoretical approach, legal interpretation, interpretive practice, integrative approach

scholarly journals THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF THE PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP BASIS AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE POLICY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (47) ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Bondar N ◽  
◽  
Sukmaniuk V ◽  
Yurchenko A ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
The State ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Private Business ◽  
The Public ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

The object of the research is the theoretical basis for the substantiation of partner interactions between the state and private business. The purpose of the work is to study theoretical approaches to substantiating partner interactions between the state and private business, and the principle approaches regarding the distribution of responsibilities and risks between partners. The research method is monographic. The article is devoted to the study of economic theories, which can most adequately reflect the content and nature of partner interactions between the state and private business in solving socially significant task. It is revealed that the complexity of the PPP as an economic category leads to the objective impossibility of the existence of a unified theory or concept for describing the construction and functioning of a model of partner interactions between the state and business. The development of the concept of management of the development of transport infrastructure with the benefits of PPP has a broad scientific theoretical and methodological basis – these are theories of fundamental and applied nature. It is made up of theories as fundamental (the theory of neo-institutional economy and new institutional policies, the theory of management of socio-economic systems, the concept of public administration) and applied (project, investment, financial management, economic analysis) character. The results of the article can be implemented during the development and substantiation of the forms of application of partner interactions of the state and private business as an instrument of realization of the state policy of development of transport infrastructure of Ukraine. KEYWORDS: INFRASTRUCTURE, TRANSPORT, STATE POLICY, ECONOMIC THEORY, DEVELOPMENT.

Business Continuity of Critical Infrastructures for Safety and Security Incidents

2020 ◽  
pp. 413-449
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Apostolou ◽  
Danai Kazantzidou-Firtinidou ◽  
Ilias Gkotsis ◽  
George Eftychidis
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Business Continuity ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Practical Guidelines ◽  
Security Incidents

The chapter is an overview of important timely concepts with a focus on the safety and security of critical infrastructures (CIs). The content is a result of triangulation of sources from the fields of academia, best practices, legislation, and scientific research. The protection of CIs has been a popular topic of discussion through recent years but also a topic for initiative towards the undisrupted function, prosperity and well-being of nations in a world of interconnections and dependencies. In respect to that, the following content offers input which will assist in the understanding of the concepts surrounding the safety and security of CIs while combining theoretical approaches with practical guidelines for the composition of a business continuity plan. The chapter also discusses the factors contributing to the criticality of technical infrastructures as part of a nation or a cross-border network, the threats to which a CI can be exposed to whether these are natural or man-made.

Managing the Influence of Resources on Educational Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serb (Tanislav) Cristina ◽  
Delia Mioara Popescu ◽  
Elena Stoica ◽  
Laura Maria Erculescu
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
School Resources ◽  
Educational Performance ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Effective Learning Environments ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Social Act

The current context reflects education as a profound social act, through which the individual discovers his own personality, he manifests his social aspirations and ideals, tangling and determining the evolution of social events. More and more young people face major challenges in terms of skills in a permanently changing world. The skills gap is growing between developing countries and developed countries and there will be major social, economic and political repercussions. This article focuses on identifying the role that school resources has on the educational performance of pupils in the digital era. For collecting the data, a direct survey was used as a method of collecting information, based on a questionnaire of 374 pupils from high schools in Dambovita County, Romania. While the future is always uncertain, education systems should be based on the design of innovative, effective learning environments, encouraging well-organized cooperative learning where learners actively engage and develop a good understanding of their own learning practices, focusing on student motivation and differentiation according to previous knowledge.

scholarly journals Teachers and clinical students' perception of the core competencies of different subjects of the undergraduate BDS curriculum

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Md Rasel Ahmad ◽  
Iffat Ara ◽  
Md Humayun Kabir Talukder ◽  
Dipak Kumer Paul Chowdhury ◽  
Md Immam Hossin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Personal Attributes ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
The Core ◽  
Competency Based

Background: Curriculum planning and designing is not a static process, rather a continuous process done regularly through a system. More than one decade have elapsed since the Centre for Medical Education (CME), in 1988, developed a national Undergraduate Dental Curriculum which was supposed to be community-oriented and competency based. The curriculum was partially implemented with the advancement of dental health science and application of newer techniques in dental practices in developed and developing countries.Rationale: Competency is the ability to combine evidence based knowledge, personal attitudes, and clinical skills to undertake holistic dental care. Personal attributes may include creativity, ethics, aesthetics, and critical sense and personal attributes include a desire for patient wellbeing and to self-evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment. As life-long learning becomes a crucial attribute for all modern clinicians, the ability to self-assess performance and identify future learning goals is an essential skill that needs to be developed in a modern healthcare curriculum. Self-assessment, self-reflection and selfregulation can promote a deeper understanding in current knowledge. The essential professional clinical skills may include a) diagnosis and treatment planning b) Preventative measures c) patient treatment and rehabilitation. Other skills that may be essential include professionalism, administrative and promotional skills. It is important that universities and dental schools help students nurture these values from a very early stage.Objectives: The present study was undertaken to identify the teachers and clinical students' perception of the core competencies of different subjects of the undergraduate BDS curriculum.Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in seven public and private dental colleges of Bangladesh after getting written permission from the principal of the respective dental colleges. Voluntary participation of the students was ensured and the names of the students' as well as teachers were kept confidential. The teachers and students of final years from the different dental colleges were the study population; among them four hundred (400) students and one hundred twenty teachers (120) were taken as sample by convenient sampling. Data collection instrument was a semistructured questionnaire with 5-point Likert scale for final year students' and in depth interview was used for teachers.Results: The study revaled that 95% mentioned that introduction part of the curriculum competency in relation to the knowledge, skills and attitude of a dental graduate must be mentioned. Nearly 97 of the students mentioned that competency acquired by the newly passed dental graduate from the BDS course was satisfactory.Conclusion: Competency-based dental education is a continuous process in maintaining a degree of quality consistent with patient well-being and effective treatment management path, which the graduating dentist should achieve. The cultural and socioeconomic diversity among different communities might have an impact on the profile of the professional needed by the society.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.8(2) 2017: 24-28

A “Global Theory of Federalism”: The Nature and Challenges of a Federal State

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1297-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gamper
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Global Theory ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Interdisciplinary Character ◽  
Or Economics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Concrete Concept

Innumerable attempts have been made to explore the theoretical nature of federalism. Due to the long history, worldwide existence and interdisciplinary character of federalism, a plethora of literature has been written on the topic. Yet, these endeavours have not even resulted in a clear and commonly used definition of the term. Surely, it is one of the great dilemmas of this field of research that despite so much discussion, there is no settled common denominator of ‘federalism'. Whereas practical studies and exchange of experience between the various federal systems offer a more conventional research arena, comparative theoretical approaches are much more seldom. This is not the least because of the tremendous semantic challenges of a comparative theoretical approach. At first glance, it is sometimes difficult to understand the terminology of federalism, the meaning of which differs according to the perspectives of constitutional law, political science or economics. Even more difficulty arises when the substance of federal theories is discussed. Again, differences between theories may be due to different academic approaches, particularly between understanding federalism as an overall principle or as a more concrete concept of a federal state and, in particular, whether the constituent units of a federal state are states, and, if states, whether they are sovereign.

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