Comparison of the Physicochemical and Pharmacopeial Properties of starches Obtained from Artocarpus odoratissimus Blanco, Nephelium lappaceum l., and Mangifera indica l. seeds with Corn starch

Objective. This study was conducted to characterize and compare the physicochemical and pharmacopoeial properties of starches isolated from the seeds of Artocarpus odoratissimus Blanco (marang), Nephelium lappaceum L. (rambutan), and unripe green Mangifera indica L. (mango) with corn starch, as possible sources of pharmaceutical grade starch. Methods. The starch from the seeds of these fruits was isolated and characterized through their physicochemical (organoleptic characteristics, percent yield, amylose-amylopectin ratio, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index, Hausner ratio, angle of repose, solubility, swelling power, and viscosity) and pharmacopoeial properties (identification test, pH, loss on drying, and limit of iron). Morphology of the granules was also assessed. Results. The physicochemical properties showed that amylose content of the seed starches was significantly lower (p=0.001) and amylopectin content significantly higher (p=0.001) than the native high amylose corn starch. The lower values of bulk and tapped densities, and high values in compressibility index and Hausner ratio of the seed starches compared to corn starch may be due to their smaller particles. The results of the pharmacopoeial characterization showed compliance with the United States Pharmacopeia's (USP) acceptable limits, except for the pH of marang seeds. Conclusion. The starches isolated from the fruit seeds have unique properties, but only rambutan seed starch has the most desirable physicochemical and pharmacopoeial properties that is comparable with corn starch. Rambutan seeds could be utilized as a source of starch for pharmaceutical applications.

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Preformulation Study of Pugun Tano (Curanga fel-terrae [Lour.] Merr) Ethanolic Extract Granule Mass in Capsule as Hepatoprotective Drug

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2019.491 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (22) ◽

pp. 3729-3732

Author(s):

Urip Harahap ◽

Marianne Marianne ◽

Yuandani Yuandani ◽

Lia Laila

Keyword(s):

Bulk Density ◽

Dosage Form ◽

Corn Starch ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Magnesium Stearate ◽

Angle Of Repose ◽

Wet Granulation ◽

Hausner Ratio ◽

Tapped Density ◽

Preformulation Study

BACKGROUND: Pugun tano extract had been studied for its effect as hepatoprotector. However, the usage of the plant in the form of extract has a limitation, especially if the extract is consumed by the people due to the unpleasant taste and odour. Then, the extract needs to be transformed into a particular dosage form, such as a capsule. But before the capsule can be produced, a preformulation study of pugun tano extract into a granule mass in capsule need to be evaluated. AIM: The study aimed to formulate the ethanolic extract of pugun tano (Curanga fel-terrae (Lour.) Merr) as granule mass in the capsule dosage form. METHODS: The pugun tano ethanolic extract was formulated in several steps included preparation of dry extract using coating method with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and granule mass production. The excipients used for the granule mass were lactose granules (made with tapioca starch using wet granulation), corn starch (made with 3 concentrations of 5% (F1), 7.5% (F2) and 10% (F3)), talcum, magnesium stearate, methylparaben, and propylparaben. The granule mass was evaluated for the bulk density, tapped density, inter-particle porosity, Carr’s index, Hausner ratio, angle of repose, and flowability. RESULTS: The results showed that all of the formulae passed the requirement of the preformulation test. The bulk density of the granule mass was 0.79 – 0.86 g/ml; the tapped density was 0.88 – 0.90 g/ml; the inter-particle porosity was 0.03 – 0.14; the Carr’s index was 2.71 – 11.94%; the Hausner ratio was 1.09-1.12; the angle of repose was 26.10 – 28.90°; and the flowing time was 5.97 – 6.63 seconds. All of the formulae showed good flowability and free-flowing properties. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the obtained formula

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Drug Technology in Hunting Practice

European Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

10.2478/afpuc-2021-0004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

pp. 63-65

Author(s):

S. Laca Megyesi ◽

A. Königová ◽

L. Molnár ◽

M. Várady ◽

M. Fedorová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zeta Potential ◽

Particle Shape ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Angle Of Repose ◽

Flow Properties ◽

Hausner Ratio ◽

Compressibility Index ◽

Drug Technology ◽

The Right ◽

Shape And Size

Abstract Antiparasitic therapy in living ratites is based on the right dose and efficacy is only when the drug is pharmaceutically stable and safe. Ivermectin is considered to be the most widely used drug in the treatment of parasitosis in ruminants worlwide. For these reasons, in our study, we focused on the pharmaceutical investigation of ivermectin by SEM analysis of its powder particle shape and size, flow properties of solids (angle of repose, compressibility index, Hausner ratio) and zeta potential.

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Pembuatan Edible film Pati Jagung dengan Penambahan Kitosan Sisik Ikan Papuyu (Anabas testudienus)

Jurnal Teknologi Agro-Industri ◽

10.34128/jtai.v6i1.91 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 72

Author(s):

Yuli Ristianingsih ◽

Maria Natalia

Keyword(s):

Food Packaging ◽

Corn Starch ◽

Amylose Content ◽

Barrier Properties ◽

Edible Film ◽

Physiochemical Properties ◽

Solubility In Water ◽

Quality Of Food ◽

High Amylose

Food packaging most used in order to keep the quality of food could be maintained to consumers. Plastic non-biogradable have weakness such as it is not degradable of environment and it is not safe to health because contain bhispenol. Edible film is solution for this problem because made of chitosan-starch. Starch is natural polymer that safe to use because easy to degradable, edible and economist. Corn starch contain high amylose content is 25%. Addition of chitosan could increase mechanical properties and barrier properties of edible film. The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of addition of chitosan on physiochemical properties edible film. Variation of chitosan used was 0,5; 1; 1,5 and 2 gram. The best result of solubility in water was addition chitosan 2 gram with value 49,74%.

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Effect of extrusion process on the functional properties of high amylose corn starch edible films and its application in mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Tommy Atkins

Journal of Food Science and Technology ◽

10.1007/s13197-017-2997-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 905-914 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abraham Calderón-Castro ◽

Misael Odín Vega-García ◽

José de Jesús Zazueta-Morales ◽

Perla Rosa Fitch-Vargas ◽

Armando Carrillo-López ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Properties ◽

Corn Starch ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Extrusion Process ◽

Edible Films ◽

High Amylose

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Preparation and Evaluation of Silymarin Controlled Release Tablets Prepared Using Natural Gums

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2011.4.1.9 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1368-1372

Author(s):

S. H. Seyed Mohamed Buhary Buhary ◽

Jaganath S ◽

Palanichamy S ◽

Rajesh M ◽

Prabhu C ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Guar Gum ◽

Hardness Test ◽

Angle Of Repose ◽

Natural Polymers ◽

Powder Blend ◽

Weight Variation ◽

Hausner Ratio ◽

Compressibility Index ◽

Release Studies

The aim of the study was to formulate and evaluate silymarin controlled release (CR) tablets using natural polymers (xanthan gum and guar gum) CR Tablets of silymarin were prepared by direct compression method at different ratios of 1:0.25, 1:0.5 and 1:0.75 (drug:polymers). The powder blend was evaluated for angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index and Hausner ratio. The powder blend showed satisfactory flow properties. The silymarin tablets are evaluated for general appearance, hardness test, friability test, weight variation and drug content estimation. All the tablets passed the tests. The interactions between the drug with highest proportion of polymers were determined by using FTIR studies. The FTIR study reveals that there is no interaction between drug and polymers. The invitro release study was carried out using 900ml of phosphate buffer pH 7.4 for 10 hours using USP type II dissolution apparatus. The results of invitro release studies of CR tablets of silymarin were compared with control (without polymer).

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UTILIZATION OF DNA MARKERS FOR EVALUATING AMYLOSE CONTENT OF GRAIN IN RICE

HUE UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT ◽

10.26459/jard.v83i5.3081 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 83 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Dương Thanh Thủy ◽

Taiichiro Ookawa

Keyword(s):

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽

Amylose Content ◽

Waxy Gene ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Branching Enzymes ◽

Wx Gene ◽

High Amylose ◽

Suitable Marker ◽

Granule Bound Starch Synthase

The sensory and functional properties of rice are predominantly associated with its amylose content. Granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) encoded by the Waxy (Wx) gene determines the synthesis of amylose, while starch branching enzymes encoded by Sbe genes are involved in the formation of amylopectin. Some studies have demonstrated that Wx gene is the major controller of amylose content but there are one or more modifying genes affecting the amylose content. Three markers, microsatellite, Single – nucleotide – polymorphism (G/T SNP) in Wx gene and Single – nucleotide – polymorphism (T/C SNP) in Sbe1 gene, were tested for their association with amylose content using sixty-nine rice accessions from twenty countries. Of the three markers, two markers in Wx gene are significantly associated with amylose content. The combination of two markers in Wx gene (haplotypes) explained 83.8% of the variation in amylose content and discriminated the three market classes of glutinous, low, intermediate and high amylose content of rice from each other. And T/C SNP in Sbe1 locus was not a suitable marker for amylose content. Keywords: marker, amylose content, Waxy gene.

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The Effect of Superdisintegrants on the Dissolution of Promethazine. HCl Fast Dissolving Tablets

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2010.3.1.10 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 867-871

Author(s):

Ganesh kumar Gudas ◽

Manasa B ◽

Senthil Kumaran K ◽

Rajesham V V ◽

Kiran Kumar S ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dissolution Rate ◽

Angle Of Repose ◽

Content Uniformity ◽

Disintegration Time ◽

Enhanced Dissolution ◽

Weight Variation ◽

Compressibility Index ◽

Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone ◽

Trigger Zone ◽

Standard Limit

Promethazine.HCl is a potent anti-emetic. The central antimuscarinic actions of antihistamines are probably responsible for their anti-emetic effects. Promethazine is also believed to inhibit the medullary chemoreceptor trigger zone, and antagonize apomorphine -induced vomiting. Fast dissolving tablets of Promethazine.HCl were prepared using five superdisintegrants viz; sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone, croscarmellose, L-HPC and pregelatinised starch. The precompression blend was tested for angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index and Hausner’s ratio. The tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration time (1 min), dissolution rate, content uniformity, and were found to be within standard limit. It was concluded that the fast dissolving tablets with proper hardness, rapidly disintegrating with enhanced dissolution can be made using selected superdisintegrants. Among the different formulations of Promethazine.HCl was prepared and studied and the formulation S2 containing crospovidone, mannitol and microcrystalline cellulose combination was found to be the fast dissolving formulation. In the present study an attempt has been made to prepare fast dissolving tablets of Promethazine.HCl, by using different superdisintegrants with enhanced disintegration and dissolution rate.

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