Comparison of Therapeutic Effect and Adverse Effects of Gatifloxacin and Levofloxacin in the Treatment of Bacterial Conjunctivitis

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Bacterial Conjunctivitis

Dithranol creams for psoriasis

1979 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 53-54
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Inactive Compound ◽  
Topical Corticosteroids

Dithranol is a valuable agent in the treatment of chronic discoid psoriasis. Properly used it can clear the lesions in most patients without any of the adverse effects of the strong topical corticosteroids.1 Dithranol inactivates various enzymes, binds with DNA, and inhibits mitosis, but the basis for the therapeutic effect is not fully understood.2 The main drawbacks of dithranol preparations, which often make patients reluctant to treat themselves, are dose-related irritancy, especially affecting normal skin, and staining of skin, clothing and bedclothes. To reduce the spread to normal skin, dithranol is usually applied accurately to psoriatic plaques in a stiff base (Zinc and Salicylic Acid Paste BPC). The salicylic acid in this preparation appears to prevent oxidation of the dithranol to an inactive compound.2

Nanomedicine

2015 ◽  
pp. 64-89
Author(s):  
Roy Gaurab ◽  
Shetti Dattatrya ◽  
Yadav Amit ◽  
Kundu Gopal C
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Imaging Agents ◽  
Life Threatening

Nanomedicine, an offshoot of nanotechnology, is considered as one of the most promising technologies of the 21st century. Due to their minute size, nanomedicines can easily target difficult-to-reach sites with improved solubility and bioavailability and reduced adverse effects. They also act as versatile delivery systems, carrying both chemotherapeutics and imaging agents to targeted sites. Hence, nanomedicine can be used to achieve the same therapeutic effect at smaller doses than their conventional counterparts and can offer impressive resolutions for various life-threatening diseases. Although certain issues have been raised about the potential toxicities of nanomaterials, it is anticipated that the advances in nanomedicine will furnish clarifications to many of modern medicine's unsolved problems. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive and contemporary survey of various nanomedicine products along with the major risks and side effects associated with the nanoparticles.

Double-Blind Trial of Aminophylline in Status Asthmaticus

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 642-646
Author(s):  
William E. Pierson ◽  
C. Warren Bierman ◽  
Stanley J. Stamm ◽  
Paul P. VanArsdel
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Status Asthmaticus ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Ventilatory Function ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Medical Supervision ◽  
Blind Trial

Significant improvement in ventilatory function without observable adverse effects has been demonstrated by this double-blind controlled trial of intravenous aminophylline in status asthmaticus. Aminophylline appears to have a beneficial therapeutic effect when given in addition to other accepted medications in appropriate dosage and under careful medical supervision to hospitalized children with status asthmaticus.

Pilot Open-Label Study of Alprazolam (U-31,889) in Anxious Alcoholic Out-Patients

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis F Fabre ◽  
Allison Gainey ◽  
Sherrie Kemple
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Open Label Study ◽  
Label Study

Twenty out-patients suffering from anxiety and tension after withdrawal from alcohol were treated for 28 days with alprazolam. Three patients dropped out for intercurrent events, and 2 dropped out for recurrent drinking. Of the 15 patients completing the study, analysis of variance showed significant improvement in all Physician's Ratings as well as all patient self-ratings. At the 28th day, 93% of the patients rated moderate to marked improvement on the Physician's Global Impression and Therapeutic Effect, and 93% self rated at least a little better. Side-effects were generally mild and inconsequential. No adverse effects attributable to alprazolam were noted on laboratory evaluations, EKG's, or ophthalmologic examinations.

scholarly journals Nanomedicine

2017 ◽  
pp. 1258-1285
Author(s):  
Roy Gaurab ◽  
Shetti Dattatrya ◽  
Yadav Amit ◽  
Kundu Gopal C
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Imaging Agents ◽  
Life Threatening

Nanomedicine, an offshoot of nanotechnology, is considered as one of the most promising technologies of the 21st century. Due to their minute size, nanomedicines can easily target difficult-to-reach sites with improved solubility and bioavailability and reduced adverse effects. They also act as versatile delivery systems, carrying both chemotherapeutics and imaging agents to targeted sites. Hence, nanomedicine can be used to achieve the same therapeutic effect at smaller doses than their conventional counterparts and can offer impressive resolutions for various life-threatening diseases. Although certain issues have been raised about the potential toxicities of nanomaterials, it is anticipated that the advances in nanomedicine will furnish clarifications to many of modern medicine's unsolved problems. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive and contemporary survey of various nanomedicine products along with the major risks and side effects associated with the nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Analgesic combinations as a strategy for pain relief and isobolographic analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aracely Evangelina Chávez-Piña ◽  
Arlette Guadalupe Arroyo-Lira
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Isobolographic Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Pain is a multidimensional sensory experience that is intrinsically unpleasant and associated with hurting and soreness, it is essentially a sensation. Pain has strong, cognitive and emotional components, it is linked to, or described in terms of suffering. Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and opioid analgesics are two of the most common types of drugs used for pain management. However, the use of these analgesics is limited by the presence of significant adverse effects. A useful practice is a combination of two agents with the same therapeutic effect wherein each agent is administered to obtain additive, synergistic or subadditive interaction in a fixed ratio. If the combination resulted in addition or synergism, the doses employed by each agent are reduced, then the side effects are absent; this kind of study is named isobolographic analysis. In this review, the authors summarized previous reports of the combination of NSAIDs with opioids and natural products as an alternative in the pain management.

Nanocarrier-based activation of necroptotic cell death potentiates cancer immunotherapy

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gan-Qing Xia ◽  
Tian-Run Lei ◽  
Teng-Bo Yu ◽  
Pang-Hu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cancer Immunotherapy ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Effect Of Pd

The injection of liposomes loaded with TNF-α avoids adverse effects and enhances the therapeutic effect of PD-L1 antibody.

scholarly journals Drug Compatibility in Treatment of Chronic Infectious Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 344-358
Author(s):  
E. S. Bazrova ◽  
G. D. Kaminskiy ◽  
L. Yu. Ilchenko ◽  
A. Маtin ◽  
I. G. Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Drug Metabolism ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Drug Compatibility

The article considers the features of pharmacotherapy of patients with chronic infectious diseases and co-morbidities in conditions of polypharmacy, the principles of drug metabolism, variants of adverse effects and drug-drug interactions, the possibilities of effective drug combinations. The purpose is to substantiate the possibility and emphasize the relevance of the additional search of the creation of the most optimal combinations of drugs for long-term and massive pharmacotherapy, that could be due to a beneficial drug-drug interaction, optimization of the regimen, route of drug administration and multitarget of the therapeutic effect, reduce the pharmacological load while maintaining the effectiveness of the treatment, increase patient adherence to drug therapy.

scholarly journals The Inhibitory Effect of Kakkonto, Japanese Traditional (Kampo) Medicine, on Brain Penetration of Oseltamivir Carboxylate in Mice with Reduced Blood-Brain Barrier Function

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kousuke Ohara ◽  
Shinji Oshima ◽  
Nanami Fukuda ◽  
Yumiko Ochiai ◽  
Ayumi Maruyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Oseltamivir Carboxylate ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
The Brain

Oseltamivir phosphate (OP) is used to treat influenza virus infections. However, its use may result in central nervous system (CNS) adverse effects. In Japan, OP is used with Kampo formulations to improve clinical effectiveness. We evaluated the potential for using Kampo formulations to reduce CNS adverse effects by quantifying the CNS distribution of oseltamivir and its active metabolite oseltamivir carboxylate (OC) when administered with maoto and kakkonto. We administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by intraperitoneal injection to C57BL/6 mice to reduce blood-brain barrier function. Saline, maoto, and kakkonto were administered orally at the same time as LPS. OP was orally administered 4 hours after the last LPS injection and the migration of oseltamivir and OC was examined. Additionally, we examined the brain distribution of OC following intravenous administration. Changes in OC concentrations in the brain suggest that, in comparison to LPS-treated control mice, both Kampo formulations increased plasma levels of OC, thereby enhancing its therapeutic effect. Additionally, our findings suggest kakkonto may not only improve the therapeutic effect of oseltamivir but also reduce the risk of CNS-based adverse effects. Considering these findings, it should be noted that administration of kakkonto during periods of inflammation has led to increased OAT3 expression.

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