scholarly journals COMPARISON OF TWO STAINING METHODS FOR ANODIZING IN ALLOY 6063 ALUMINUM PROFILES

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (31) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Ana Carla PESSUTTO ◽  
JONKO Eliena
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Anodic Film ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
Sulfate Salts ◽  
Strength Functions ◽  
Aluminum Alloy 6063 ◽  
Aluminum Profiles ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Black Color

Background: Aluminum stands out for being a light, corrosion-resistant, and recyclable metal, achieving wide coverage in the market. When incorporated into alloying elements, it is possible to acquire other desirable characteristics. Alloy 6063, intended for architectural purposes, has aesthetic, structural, and strength functions. Anodized finishing is performed through an electrolytic process, ensuring a more resistant aluminum oxide film than that formed naturally. For decorative purposes, the anodic film coloration can be performed by several methodologies, in this case, for the coloration by organic adsorption, with the use of aniline, and the electrolytic coloration, composed of tin sulfate salts, both for obtaining the black color. Aim: Compare of two different staining methods on the surface of anodized profiles of aluminum alloy 6063. Methods: Profile samples were collected and tests were carried out to measure the thickness of the anodic layer, immersion tests with 3,5 percent sodium chloride, for 1000 hours, and neutral saline mist, for 600 hours. Results and Discussion: Both methodologies proved to be resistant to immersion tests with sodium chloride, as well as with neutral saline mist, and these tests are quite aggressive and provide corrosion of the material when not well treated. Corrosion points were only seen at the intersections performed, and in the rest of thearea, no points were detected. Conclusions: The result of both methodologies was positive, considering tht there was no corrosion in the tested samples, except in the intersections performed, as well as the maintenance of the color in both tested methodologies, which was not expected in the literature. For future work, it is suggested to deepen the study to perform electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests for exaluate the strength of the anodic film and perform anodizing with the same parameters, however, with different anilines to analyze their behavior.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF TWO STAINING METHODS FOR ANODIZING IN ALLOY 6063 ALUMINUM PROFILES

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carla PESSUTTO ◽  
◽  
Eliena JONKO
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Sulfate Salts ◽  
Strength Functions ◽  
Aluminum Alloy 6063 ◽  
Aluminum Profiles

Aluminum stands out for being a light, corrosion-resistant, and recyclable metal, achieving wide coverage in the market. When incorporated into alloying elements, it is possible to acquire other desirable characteristics. Alloy 6063, intended for architectural purposes, has aesthetic, structural, and strength functions. This study aims to compare two different staining methods on the surface of anodized profiles of aluminum alloy 6063. Anodized finishing is performed through an electrolytic process using sulfuric acid as an electrolyte to change the surface layer of the material, ensuring a more resistant aluminum oxide film than that formed naturally. For decorative purposes, the anodic film coloration can be performed by several methodologies, including, in this case, the coloration by organic adsorption, with the use of aniline, and the electrolytic coloration, composed of tin sulfate salts, both for obtaining the black color. To compare, neutral saline mist tests, scanning electron microscopy analysis, determination of the anodic layer thickness, and immersion tests with 3.5 percent sodium chloride for 1000 hours. The results obtained highlight that both were shown to be resistant to corrosion due to the fact that they do not present corrosion points when exposed to the neutral saline mist test for 600 hours. In the immersion tests, both remained resistant to sodium chloride. Because both methodologies present satisfactory results in all tests, the quality of the applied stains is ensured, and it is found that they are equivalent when the parameters discussed are used.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Impedance Study of an Al6063-12%SiC-Cr Composite Immersed in 3 wt. % Sodium Chloride

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Idusuyi ◽  
O.O. Ajide ◽  
O.O. Oluwole ◽  
O.A. Arotiba
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Study

Subcutaneous Dihydrocodeine Tartrate: Compatibility in a Syringe Pump With Other Drugs Frequently Prescribed for the Management of Symptoms Associated With Brain Tumors

2021 ◽  
pp. 082585972110527
Author(s):  
Ruth Isherwood ◽  
Amy Forsyth ◽  
Anne Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Syringe Pump ◽  
Pump Design ◽  
Subcutaneous Infusion ◽  
Hyoscine Butylbromide ◽  
Stability Data ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Different Doses

Background Dihydrocodeine can be more effective in the management of headache due to brain tumor than other opioids. It can be used as a subcutaneous infusion, but at present, there is little available data to support its use in combination with other medicines in a syringe pump. Aim This project aimed to establish physical stability data for the use of dihydrocodeine with other drugs when combined in a syringe pump. Design: Dihydrocodeine was combined in a syringe pump with either cyclizine, midazolam, or hyoscine butylbromide at different doses chosen to represent routine clinical practice. Each drug combination was repeated twice—with 0.9% sodium chloride and with water for injections. Setting: The project was conducted in an independent hospice after seeking appropriate approvals to use the drugs for this purpose. Results Dihydrocodeine and midazolam appear compatible at when 0.9% sodium chloride is used as the diluent. Dihydrocodeine and cyclizine appeared compatible when either 0.9% saline or water for injections was used as the diluent. Dihydrocodeine and hyoscine butylbromide appeared compatible with either diluent at 24 hours. Conclusions Physical stability data has been described that will support the use of dihydrocodeine and other drugs that are commonly used to manage symptoms due to brain tumors at the end of life. This information will benefit patients and ensure that one syringe pump can be used where possible. Future work could expand on this data and explore the physical stability of three drug combinations in each syringe.

Corrosion of Amorphous Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1 Alloys on the Synergistic Effect of Chloride and Hydroxyl Ions

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 1550-1553
Author(s):  
Ming Sheng Li ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Yi Ming Jiang ◽  
Jin Li
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Soft Magnetic Properties ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Soft Magnetic

The soft-magnetic properties and service life of amorphous or nanocrystalline Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1 have been influenced by the corrosion of the alloy. In this study, the electrochemical corrosions of amorphous Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1 in the blend solutions of sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide were investigated by linear polarization (PLZ) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. The presence of OH- in the blend solution gave rise to typical passivation of the alloy. A suitable concentration of OH- was required for the low corrosion rate. And the higher concentration of OH- led to a faster corrosion. Increase of concentration of Cl- aroused more obvious corrosion. These results were ascribed to the deteriorating effect of Cl- and high-concentration OH- on the passive film formed on the surface of amorphous Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1.

scholarly journals Cr3C2-NiCr Coating for the Protection of API Steel Corrosion in Concentrated Sodium Chloride Solution

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
El-Sayed M. Sherif ◽  
Magdy M. El Rayes ◽  
Hany S. Abdo
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Cyclic Polarization ◽  
Current Time

In the present work, a layer of 75%Cr3C2−25%NiCr with thickness of 260 ± 15 µm was coated onto the API-2H pipeline steel surface using high-velocity oxy-fuel deposition. The effect of 75%Cr3C2−25%NiCr coating on the corrosion of the API steel after 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h exposure in 4.0% sodium chloride solutions is reported. The corrosion tests were performed using potentiodynamic cyclic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and chronoamperometric current–time techniques along with scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analyses. The curves of polarization indicated that the presence of the coating increases the corrosion resistance of the steel through decreasing its corrosion current and corrosion rate. Impedance data showed that all resistances recorded higher values for the coated API steel. Chronoamperometric current–time measurements confirmed that the coated API steel has lower absolute current values and thus lower corrosion rate. All results proved that the presence of 75%Cr3C2−25%NiCr coating enhances the corrosion resistance of the API steel via the formation of a protective layer of Cr and Ni oxides, which could lead to decreasing the corrosion rate.

Inhibitory Action of Persian Pyrifoliabark Extract against Corrosion of SAE 1020 Carbon Steel in Sodium Chloride Medium

2020 ◽  
Vol 1012 ◽  
pp. 390-394
Author(s):  
C. Vieira ◽  
D. Borges ◽  
D.C.S. Oliszeski ◽  
L.F.G. Larsson ◽  
E.P. Banczek
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
Chloride Medium ◽  
Simple Extraction ◽  
Extraction Processes

Carbon steel is one of the most commonly used alloys in industrial applications due to its physicochemical properties and low cost. However, the use of this metal material may become limited due to its vulnerability to corrosion. Thus, it is necessary to use methods that inhibit corrosion. Organic compounds with heteroatoms possess the characteristic of inhibiting corrosion by forming a protective film. The corrosion protection of SAE 1020 carbon steel, promoted by the aqueous extract of Persea pyrifolia (PP) bark, was evaluated in this work at extract concentrations of 5% and 10% v/v, in order to replace an inhibitor of synthetic origin with an ecologically benign inhibitor. Plant extracts are generally inexpensive and can be obtained through simple extraction processes. The objective of this work was to study the use of PP peel extract as a carbon steel corrosion inhibitor (SAE 1020). The electrochemical response was determined by measurements including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and anodic potentiodynamic polarization (PPA) in a 0.5 M sodium chloride medium. The samples were characterized by optical microscopy to evaluate the type of corrosion.

Mechanism of action of tin on the semi-conductive properties of PbO layer in lead acid battery

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Toufik Dilmi ◽  
Achour Dakhouche ◽  
Mohamed Benaicha ◽  
H’mida Latelli
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Passive Film ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Anodic Film ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Premature Capacity Loss ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Conductive Properties ◽  
Lead Acid

Although antimony in alloys for lead-acid batteries has better mechanical and electrochemical performance, it reduces the excessive potential for hydrogen evolution, resulting in excessive water loss and self-discharge of the battery. This paper aims to examine the action of tin in PbSn using different techniques. In this work, the addition of tin in PbCa was intended to suppress the premature capacity loss (PCL) caused by the substitution of antimony in the PbSb alloy by calcium that has good mechanical properties and a high hydrogen evolution potential (200 mV higher than that of antimony). This substitution induces the formation of a passive film composed mainly of α-PbO. The mechanism of action of tin on the anodic film obtained at 700 mV vs. Hg/Hg2SO4/K2SO4 saturated electrode with Pb – (0–5) wt.% Sn in 0.5 mol/L sulfuric acid solution at 25 °C was studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), AC voltammetry, Mott–Schottky plots and X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the film obtained. It was found that tin stops the growth of the anodic film due to the co-precipitation of certain conductive oxides which reduce the thickness of the passive film and increase its conductivity. A mechanism of action of tin on the electrochemical behavior of the anodic film was suggested based on the results.

scholarly journals Effects of Sodium Phosphate and Sodium Nitrite on the Pitting Corrosion Process of X70 Carbon Steel in Sodium Chloride Solution

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 5392
Author(s):  
Yongyan Zhu ◽  
Jiayi Ding ◽  
Jianli Zhang ◽  
Liang Li
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Protective Oxide ◽  
Salt Film

In this paper, effects of sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) and sodium nitrite (NaNO2) on the pitting corrosion of X70 carbon steel in 0.10 mol/L NaCl solution were investigated by potentiodynamic polarization technique, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM). The SECM equipment was used to observe the dynamic processes of the pitting corrosion in situ. Na3PO4 or NaNO2 in the sodium chloride solution decreased the local anodic dissolution and increased the pitting resistance of the specimen. By analysis and comparison, it can be concluded that the inhibition effect of Na3PO4 is mainly due to the formation of a salt film, while the corrosion inhibition of NaNO2 is principally attributed to a protective oxide film on the electrode surface.

scholarly journals Corrosion Behavior of CoCrFeNiTax Alloys in 1 M Sodium Chloride Aqueous Solution

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5157
Author(s):  
Chun-Huei Tsau ◽  
Rong-Wei Hsiao ◽  
Tien-Yu Chien
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Eutectic Structure ◽  
Different Temperatures

This paper investigates the effects of Ta content on the microstructures, hardness and corrosion behavior of as-cast CoCrFeNiTax alloys. The results indicate that the addition of Ta can change the microstructures of these alloys to dual-phased structures (FCC + HCP), as well as increasing their hardness. This study uses constant galvanostatic/potentiometric methods to measure the polarization curves of CoCrFeNiTa0.1, CoCrFeNiTa0.3 and CoCrFeNiTa0.5 alloys in deaerated 1 M sodium chloride solution at different temperatures. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is also used to analyze these alloys in sodium chloride solution. The results indicate that the CoCrFeNiTa0.5 alloy has a eutectic structure and the highest hardness. Furthermore, although the CoCrFeNiTa0.5 alloy has the best corrosion resistance, the CoCrFeNiTa0.3 alloy has the best pitting resistance among these alloys.

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