An Epidemiologic Study of Tongue Lesions in 1901 Iranian Dental Outpatients

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of nine tongue conditions and evaluate their relationship to oral hygiene status and personal habits in a Northern Iranian population. Methods and Materials This descriptive study evaluated 1901 healthy subjects (1142 women, 759 men) >12 years who were referred to the Dental Faculty of Babol University during a period from February 2005 to July 2006. A questionnaire was designed according to the aims of the study. Each subject completed the questionnaire and received a complete dental and oral examination. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software and Chi-square and Fisher's exact probability tests. Results Six hundred seventy-two (35.3%) of 1901 subjects had tongue lesions with a frequency of 38.6% in women and 47.7% in men which was statistically significant (P<0.0001). A strong association was found between tongue lesions and smoking (p<0.0001), black tea drinking (p=0.021), and poor oral hygiene (p<0.0001). Hairy tongue (p<0.0001), coated tongue (p<0.0001), and fissured tongue (p=0.014) conditions were significantly higher in males, while crenation of the tongue was more frequent in women (p<0.0001). Conclusion This epidemiologic survey of adult dental outpatients of Northern Iran assessing tongue conditions and lesions found the frequency of these conditions in 47.7% of males and 38.6% of females in this population. Tongue conditions and lesions were more frequent among smokers, black tea drinkers, and those with poor oral hygiene. The results of this epidemiological survey can only be interpreted for the population studied and as such cannot be generalized to the wider population of Iran, but future studies should be designed to assess the frequency of these conditions on a countrywide basis. Clinical Significance The results of this study suggest efficient oral hygiene programs and encouraging people to drink less tea and quit smoking may reduce tongue lesions in adult dental outpatients in Northern Iran. Citation Motallebnejad M, Babaee N, Sakhdari S, Tavasoli M. An Epidemiologic Study of Tongue Lesions in 1901 Iranian Dental Outpatients. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 November; (9)7:073-080.

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Evaluation of clinical performance and survival rate of Straumann dental implants in Saudi Population based on cross-sectional study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-89112-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Reham AL Jasser ◽

Mohammed AlSarhan ◽

Dalal Alotaibi ◽

Saleh Aloraini ◽

Pradeep Koppolu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

Strong Association ◽

Tissue Level ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Risk Indicators ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Poor Oral Hygiene ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Keratinized Tissue

AbstractRisk indicators of peri-implantitis is still contradictory and somehow unclear in present literature therefore efforts should be done for better understanding of the exact etiology of peri-implant disease progression. The present study aimed to assess risk indicators associated with peri-implantitis by observing the changes in several periodontal parameters after implant placement. This cross-sectional study included 213 female and 271 male patients aged 26–87 years, who received 484 titanium implants (Straumann, Switzerland) at King Saud University’s Dental College, Saudi Arabia. Patients were called for dental visits. During these visits; full clinical and radiographic assessment of implants were done. The periodontal pocket depth (PPD) was greater around implants placed at grafted sites than non-grafted sites and around bone-level implants than tissue-level implants. The plaque index (PI) was associated with poor oral hygiene. There was a strong association between graft (yes/no) and bleeding on probing (BOP). Patients with good oral hygiene showed high radiographic bone stability. Keratinized tissue width < 2 mm was associated with a higher PPD, higher PI, higher BOP, more edematous gingiva, and more exposed implant threads on radiography. In patients receiving implants, poor oral hygiene status and inadequate keratinized tissue level can be proposed as risk indicators for developing periimplantitis due to strong association found between them and developments of peri-implantitis.

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Epidemiologic Survey of Dental Caries Prevalence and Oral Hygiene Status in 3-20-year-old Young Thalassemia Major Children of Lahore, Pakistan

10.53350/pjmhs211572056 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 2056-2058

Author(s):

Ali Anwaar ◽

Arham Nawaz Chohan ◽

Muhammad Shairaz Sadiq ◽

Fareed Ahmed ◽

Adeel Ijaz Rana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Strong Association ◽

Total Sample ◽

Thalassemia Major ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Sample Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Epidemiologic Survey

Background & Objectives: A Cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental caries and oral hygiene status in Thalassemia Major children age ranging in 3-20-year-old undergoing blood transfusion from the Thalassemia Society of Pakistan. Oral hygiene status and dmft scores were compared. Methods & Materials: A total of 117 children from the Thalassemia Society of Pakistan were checked. Three stations were setup for dental check-up and examiners were calibrated. Examination was performed on children sitting comfortability in chairs using sterilised dental mirrors and probes under natural sunlight on modifies version of World Health Organization (WHO) assessment form. Decayed, missing, and filled teeth using DMFT and dmft indices and Oral Hygiene status was recorded as good, fair, and poor. Results: It was found in our study, 73 males (62.4%) and 44 females (37.6 %). mean dmft score for male was 2.25+ 2.87. Female score was 2.64+ 3.26. Overall mean DMFT score 2.39+ 3.02.A strong association was observed between age and DMFT (p=0.001) between Out of the total sample size, two third majority had fair oral hygiene, while the remainder fell into good and poor hygiene category, respectively. Conclusion: Majority of sample population had fair oral hygiene and young age group were more prone to dental caries. Keywords: Thalassemia Major, Dental Caries, Oral Health

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Relationship between oral candidiasis and users of dental prostheses

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences ◽

10.20396/bjos.v17i0.8652906 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Ana de Lourdes Sá de Lira ◽

Aline Cardoso Torres

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

Oral Candidiasis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Poor Oral Hygiene ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dental Prostheses ◽

The Individual ◽

Treat All

Aim: To investigate the relationship between oral candidiasis and users of dental prostheses. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out which the inclusion of adults and elderly people of both genders using dental prostheses. Lectures were given with guidelines on oral hygiene techniques and dental prostheses, preventive measures of candidiasis, highlighting their influence on the oral and general health of the individual for the 240 users of dental prostheses. Of this number, 153 did not want to participate in the clinical examination. Signals and symptoms were analyzed in 87 patients, and lesions were present in only 21, and a cytological complement of the lesions was performed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 15.0 with Chi-square (χ2 ) test at p < 0.05. Results: The 21 patients presented oral candidiasis, with erythematous (prosthetic) stomatitis being the most prevalent. There was a correlation between the presence of Candida and the use of prostheses (p- value 0.00*). Candidiasis was associated with poorly adapted prostheses, poor oral hygiene, inadequate prostheses and prolonged use of them. Conclusion: There was a correlation between oral candidiasis and users of dental prostheses. The most prevalent type of candidiasis was erythematous stomatitis (prosthetic), and nystatin was used to treat all cases. The preventive activities carried out were extremely important, since patients were not aware of oral candidiasis and the factors that trigger it, such as poor oral hygiene and dental prostheses.

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SURVEI KESEHATAN TENGGOROK PADA MASYARAKAT PESISIR PANTAI BAHU

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.3.1.2015.7489 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gusmanto P. Sanpardi ◽

Julied Dehoop ◽

Steward K Mengko

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Epidemiological Survey ◽

Poor Oral Hygiene ◽

Acute Tonsillitis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chronic Stimulation ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Descriptive Method ◽

Stimulation Of

Abstract: Throat health is still a problem in Indonesia. Lack of knowledge and healthy behavior becomes one of the factors of throat disease, especially pharyngitis and tonsillitis. Based on epidemiological survey of ENT diseases in 7 provinces (Indonesia) 1994-1996, the prevalence of chronic tonsillitis at 3.8% was the second highest after acute nasopharyngitis (4.6 %). Factors predisposing to the onset of chronic pharyngitis and tonsillitis is chronic stimulation of cigarettes, some types of food, poor oral hygiene, the effects of weather, physical exhaustion and inadequate treatment of acute tonsillitis. Based on the type of occupation, farmer, fisherman, and labor who were active daily smoker belonged to the largest proportion of 44.5% compared to other occupational groups.This study was conducted to obtain data on throat health survey on coastal village Bahu, Manado.This study used a descriptive method with a cross sectional design. Overview of each sample throat health by checking the size, circumstances tonsils, and pharynx.The results of throat health status in coastal village Bahu, Manado showed that most had normal tonsils and pharynx.Keywords: health, throat, pharyngitis, tonsillitisAbstrak: Kesehatan tenggorok masih menjadi masalah di Indonesia. Kurangnya pengetahuan dan perilaku hidup sehat menjadi salah satu faktor timbulnya penyakit tenggorok terutama faringitis dan tonsillitis Berdasarkan survei epidemiologi penyakit THT di 7 provinsi (Indonesia) tahun 1994-1996, prevalensi tonsilitis kronis sebesar 3,8% tertinggi kedua setelah nasofaring akut (4,6%). Faktor predisposisi timbulnya faringitis dan tonsilitis kronik ialah rangsangan menahun dari rokok, beberapa jenis makanan, higene mulut yang buruk, pengaruh cuaca, kelelahan fisik dan pengobatan tonsillitis akut yang tidak adekuat Berdasarkan jenis pekerjaan, petani/nelayan/buruh merupakan perokok aktif setiap hari yang mempunyai proporsi terbesar 44,5% dibandingkan kelompok pekerjaan lainnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh data tentang survei kesehatan tenggorokan pada masyarakat pesisir pantai kelurahan Bahu, Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang Gambaran kesehatan tenggorokan setiap sampel dilihat dengan memeriksa ukuran, keadaan-keadaan tonsil, mukosa faring. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada masyarakat pesisir pantai kelurahan Bahu, Manado. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gambaran kesehatan tenggorok masyarakat pesisir pantai kelurahan Bahu, Manado baik. Umumnya masyarakat memiliki tonsil dan faring yang normal.Kata kunci: survei kesehatan, pemeriksaan hidung

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Analysis of the condition of solid tissues of teeth and the level of dental care provided to children with rheumatic diseases

Стоматология детского возраста и профилактика ◽

10.33925/1683-3031-2021-21-1-4-14 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 4-14

Author(s):

A. A. Skakodub ◽

O. I. Admakin ◽

Ad. A. Mamedov ◽

P. A. Nikulin ◽

A. S. Vatyan

Keyword(s):

Rheumatic Diseases ◽

Dental Care ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Oral Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

Epidemiological Survey ◽

Poor Oral Hygiene ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I

Relevance. Rheumatic diseases strongly influence the condition of the oral cavity, salivary glands and the temporomandibular joint, that, along with poor oral hygiene in children and active growth, increases the risk of oral disease development. The growing number of rheumatic diseases in children requires evaluation of the oral cavity condition and assessment of the provided dental services; enhancement of the professional oral care in children with rheumatic diseases through the comprehensive evaluation of the quality of the performed dental procedures and development of caries prevention measures based on the analysis of the epidemiological survey results.Materials and methods. 316 children with rheumatic pathology aged 1 to 18 years were examined. The children were divided into three age groups: group I – 1-5 years, group II – 6-12 years, group III – 13-17 years. The Oral hygiene and past dental experience questionnaire was developed for each group. Hard dental tissue condition and caries intensity level (df – in group I, df+DMF – in group II, DMF – in group III) were assessed, the oral hygiene index was calculated by the child age. On dental examination, past caries treatment and its complications were considered, the level of dental care (LDC) according to Leus was assessed.Results. The received data on caries intensity in all age groups and all medical conditions were analyzed. The values corresponded to the high and very high intensity (4.2 to 13); the values were 1.89 – 3 times higher than the values received during the epidemiological survey in children of the same age groups in Russia. Multiple primary and secondary (as a complication after the previous dental treatment) caries, associated with poor oral hygiene, was detected. The data revealed that the dental care level in children with rheumatic diseases was ‘poor’ and ‘insufficient’ The interview of the children and their parents showed that 91% of children had never had preventive treatment and 89% of children visited the dentist less than twice a year. The examination revealed that secondary caries, that had developed in 50% of children after the treatment of caries and its complications, and bad fillings, that had to be replaced.Conclusions. Thus, indirect influence of the main disease on the hard dental tissues in children was revealed – motivation for dental treatment and good oral hygiene was decreased for the lack of knowledge. The analysis of dental treatment quality in such children was insufficient. Only emergency dental visits as well as inappropriate materials and methods used for the treatment of caries and its complications result in secondary caries. So, customized treatment approach and prevention programs should be developed and introduced for the oral care in children with rheumatic diseases according to the main disease course, administered background therapy and the level of dental health education.

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Periodontal status associated with dual habits of smoking and smokeless tobacco use: A cross-sectional study in young adults

Journal of Advanced Periodontology & Implant Dentistry ◽

10.34172/japid.2021.010 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abdul Ahad ◽

Afshan Bey ◽

Saif Khan ◽

Mohammad Sami Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Gingival Recession ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Oral Hygiene ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Periodontal Status ◽

Established Risk Factor

Background: Tobacco smoking is an established risk factor for periodontitis. However, few studies have evaluated the periodontal status of smokeless tobacco (SLT) users, while that of individuals with dual habit has largely been unexplored. The current study aimed to find if the periodontal status in individuals with dual habits of smoking and SLT use is different from those with any single habit. Methods: Four groups (A: exclusive smokers, B: exclusive tobacco chewers, C: individuals with dual habits, and D: non-users of tobacco), each comprising 75 males in the age group of 20-35 years, were selected. Along with the history of tobacco use, a modified oral hygiene index (OHI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and the number of teeth with gingival recession (GR) were recorded. The data were assessed using the Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, and logistic regression. Results: Group C had the highest mean OHI scores, with 94.66% of participants having poor oral hygiene (OHI>3.0). The prevalence of severe gingivitis (GI>2.0) was significantly lower among exclusive smokers (group A) and those with dual habits (group C) when compared to the other two groups. As much as 60% of group C participants were found to have average PD in the range of 4-6 mm, while deeper average PD (>6 mm) was most common among smokers. The highest risk of having a tooth with GR was also associated with the dual habit (OR = 4.33, 95% CI = 3.24 - 5.76) when compared with the non-users. Conclusion: While both forms of tobacco were associated with poor periodontal status, the additive effect of smoking and SLT use was evident in almost all parameters, more so with poor oral hygiene and the prevalence of gingival recession. These findings emphasize that individuals with dual habits have an additional risk for periodontal destruction.

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Association between Oral Hygiene and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10132873 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (13) ◽

pp. 2873

Author(s):

Cornelia Melinda Adi Santoso ◽

Fera Ketti ◽

Taufan Bramantoro ◽

Judit Zsuga ◽

Attila Nagy

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Reference Lists ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Tooth Brushing ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Poor Oral Hygiene ◽

Dental Visits ◽

Substantial Heterogeneity

Emerging evidence has linked poor oral hygiene to metabolic syndrome (MetS), but previously, no summary of evidence has been conducted on the topic. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the associations of oral hygiene status and care with MetS. A systematic search of the PubMed and Web of Science databases from inception to March 17, 2021, and examination of reference lists was conducted to identify eligible observational studies. A random-effects model was applied to pool the effects of oral hygiene status and care on MetS. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and had sufficient methodological quality. Good oral hygiene status (OR = 0.30 (0.13–0.66); I2 = 91%), frequent tooth brushing (OR = 0.68 (0.58–0.80); I2 = 89%), and frequent interdental cleaning (OR = 0.89 (0.81–0.99); I2 = 27%) were associated with a lower risk of MetS. Only one study examined the association between dental visits and MetS (OR = 1.10 (0.77–1.55)). Our findings suggested that there might be inverse associations of oral hygiene status, tooth-brushing frequency, and interdental cleaning with MetS. However, substantial heterogeneity for tooth-brushing frequency and inconsistent results for oral hygiene status in subgroup analyses were observed. There was insufficient evidence for the association between dental visits and MetS. Further longitudinal studies are needed to investigate these associations.

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Prevalence and Correlates of Poor Oral Hygiene among School-Going Students in Mongolia

Dentistry Journal ◽

10.3390/dj9020012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

Javzan Badarch ◽

Suvd Batbaatar ◽

Edit Paulik

Keyword(s):

Health Promotion ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Fast Food ◽

Vegetable Intake ◽

Soft Drink ◽

Health Promotion Program ◽

Second Hand Smoke ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Poor Oral Hygiene ◽

Oral Health Promotion

Brushing at least twice a day is one of the most effective methods for the prevention of dental caries and oral diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and correlates of poor oral hygiene in Mongolian school-going students. A secondary analysis of nationally representative data from the 2013 Mongolian Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS) was performed. In the survey, a questionnaire was completed by 5393 students aged 12–16 years old. The prevalence of poor oral hygiene and its association with some independent variables were analyzed by frequency distribution, chi-squared test, and logistic regression. The overall prevalence of poor oral hygiene was 33%. In the multivariate analysis, male students, inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, parents’ smoking, being exposed to second-hand smoke, poor parental supervision and connectedness, physical inactivity, and sedentary behavior were significantly associated with poor oral hygiene. Meanwhile, students who ate fast food and drank carbonated soft drink were found to be less likely to be poor tooth-brushers in 2013. Various determinants were identified in connection with poor oral hygiene. Based on these findings, it is recommended that an oral health promotion program should be combined with general health promotion and lifestyle intervention programs for this target population.

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Association between infection with Campylobacter species, poor oral health and environmental risk factors on esophageal cancer: a hospital-based case–control study in Thailand

European Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.1186/s40001-021-00561-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Arisara Poosari ◽

Thitima Nutravong ◽

Prakasit Sa-ngiamwibool ◽

Wises Namwat ◽

Supaporn Chatrchaiwiwatana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Esophageal Cancer ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Case Control ◽

Poor Oral Hygiene ◽

History Of ◽

Control Study ◽

History Of Cancer

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown the association between Campylobacter species infection and that environmental factors, poor oral hygiene in particular, are linked to an increased risk of esophageal cancer (EC). However, no study has reported on these factors in Thailand. Thus, this study’s objective was to evaluate the impact of the relationship between Campylobacter infection and environmental factors on EC incidence in the population of Thailand. Methods Data from a case–control study were collected from 105 newly diagnosed EC cases and 105 controls recruited from 2007 to 2017. Infection with Campylobacter spp. was detected in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue of EC taken from gastroesophageal biopsy specimens obtained from the participants, and evaluated using TaqMan® real-time PCR. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and perform data analysis. Results Smoking, alcohol use, a family history of cancer, history of gastroesophageal reflux disease, poor oral hygiene and Campylobacter spp. infection were shown to be significant risk factors for EC (p < 0.05). The combination of poor oral hygiene and infection with Campylobacter spp. constituted significant risk for EC (p < 0.001). In addition, the risk of EC in subjects co-infected with C. rectus and C. concisus that practiced poor oral hygiene was even higher and was significant (ORadj = 4.7; 95% CI 2.41–9.98; p = 0.003). Conclusions In Thailand, the major risk factors for EC are smoking status, alcohol drinking, family history of cancer, GERD, poor oral hygiene and Campylobacter spp. infection. This study found Campylobacter spp. prevalence to be associated with EC and appears to be enhanced by poor oral hygiene, suggesting that a combination of poor oral hygiene and Campylobacter species infection may together act as an important etiological risk factor for EC.

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