scholarly journals Prevalence of Periodontal Destruction and Putative Periodontal Pathogens in the Same Lebanese Family

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 970-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoubeida Al Yahfoufi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Exact Methods ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
Periodontal Destruction

ABSTRACT Aim Periodontal diseases are associated with microorganisms rich in Gram-negative species. Several studies have indicated the presence of few a periodontopathic microorganisms in the same family. A parent with severe adult periodontitis, who is infected with bacteria associated with periodontal disease, may function as a source of infection. Their children may be at a greater risk to become colonized with bacteria. The purpose of this investigation was (1) to explore the presence of three bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG), Prevotella intermedia (PI), and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (AA) in the same Lebanese family and (2) to study the clinical destruction in the same family and their relations as members of this family due to the presence of PG. Materials and methods A total of 10 families were screened; only 5 (13 females and 5 males) were selected for this study, and at least one member of the family had untreated periodontal disease, chronic or aggressive. Every participant signed an informed consent form. A total of 18 available deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples were taken to analyze the presence of three periodontal bacteria. Statistics Multiple logistic regression was used for the exact methods. Results All 18 patients showed a positive result for PI. Also, PG. was recognized in 15 patients while AA was not detected in any of the subjects. All couples suffered from periodontitis, chronic or aggressive forms, five children suffered from gingivitis, three children had no clinical manifestation, and only one suffered from localized aggressive periodontitis. The statistical analysis showed with each 1 year of increase in age, the odds of having periodontal disease multiply by 1.39, i.e., age as a risk factor for periodontal disease due to the presence of PG and sharing the same plate. Conclusion This investigation demonstrates a high prevalence of periodontal microorganisms in children and young adults of Lebanese periodontitis parents and a microbiological similarity between the children and their mothers. All these factors could be a high risk of developing periodontal disease in the future. Clinical significance This article shows that vertical transmission of microorganisms is a possible risk factor for developing periodontal disease in the offspring. How to cite this article Al Yahfoufi Z. Prevalence of Periodontal Destruction and Putative Periodontal Pathogens in the Same Lebanese Family. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(10):970-976.

Comparison of Sampling Techniques For qPCR Quantification of Periodontal Pathogens

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2853-2856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Jelihovschi ◽  
Cristian Drochioi ◽  
Aida Corina Badescu ◽  
Raoul Vasile Lupusoru ◽  
Alexandra Elena Munteanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Treponema Denticola ◽  
Subgingival Plaque ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
As Species ◽  
Qpcr Quantification

The diagnosis of periodontal disease is mainly based on use of clinical and radiographic evidence. In this study we employed a quantitative PCR analysis of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Treponema denticola as species strongly involved in periodontal diseases, burden in periodontal pockets to detect the main sampling factors that interfere with qPCR results. From 22 patients with advanced periodontal disease, subgingival plaque was comparatively collected by paper points and periodontal Gracey curettes. Samples were collected from the same situs in presence of gingival bleeding and absence of bleeding. The concordance and agreement of results between samples were assessed. The present study demonstrates that subgingival plaque sampling with sterile absorbable paper points is often accompanied by gingival bleeding resulting in quantification biases of periodontal pathogens.

scholarly journals Influence of Psychological Stress on Periodontal Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Larissa Marques Storto Soares ◽  
Ana Emilia Farias Pontes ◽  
Fernanda de Oliveira Bello Corrêa ◽  
Cleverton Corrêa Rabelo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Psychosocial Factor ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: The association between periodontal disease and stress has been questioned for a almost a century, however, it still represents an unexplored field of research with several orphaned questions of conclusive answers. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between periodontal disease and stress. Methodology: Searches were performed with descriptors related to periodontal diseases and psychological factors in the following databases: Pubmed, Embase, Lilacs. Were identified and included studies that deal with the relationship between stress and periodontal disease and /or that emphasize the role of this psychosocial factor in the progression of periodontal disease. Conclusion: Most studies have shown a positive relationship between periodontal disease and stress, however, further research needs to be developed to confirm stress as a risk factor for periodontal disease

scholarly journals Calibrated interdental brushing for the prevention of periodontal pathogens infection in young adults - a randomized controlled clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Bourgeois ◽  
Manuel Bravo ◽  
Juan-Carlos Llodra ◽  
Camille Inquimbert ◽  
Stéphane Viennot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Strong Indicator ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Total Bacteria

Abstract Periodontal disease is clearly correlated with systemic disease. The presence of periodontal pathogens in interdental spaces in young, healthy adults is a strong indicator of the need to introduce daily interdental prophylaxis. Twenty-five subjects (aged 18–35 years), diagnosticated clinically as periodontally healthy, were enrolled in this study. One hundred interdental sites were included. Among these sites, 50 “test” sites were cleaned daily with calibrated interdental brushes (IDBs), whereas the other 50 sites were not cleaned and considered “controls”. The interdental biofilm at these interdental sites was collected at the beginning of the study (basal) and at 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, and 3 months. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methodology was used to quantify (i) 19 periodontal bacteria, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia, and (ii) total bacteria. In the test sites, the quantity of total bacteria decreased over time with the use of IDBs. The bacteria from the red and orange Socransky complexes, which are associated with periodontal disease, significantly decreased in the test sites but not in the control sites. Bacteria from the yellow, and purple Socransky complexes, which are associated with periodontal health, increased significantly in both groups whereas bacteria from the blue Socransky complex increased significantly only in the test sites. Furthermore, at basal, 66% of test sites and 68% of control sites bled during interdental brushing. These percentages decreased by 85% in 3 months for the test sites and by 27% in the control sites. In conclusion, the daily use of calibrated IDBs can reduce periodontal pathogens, reestablish symbiotic microbiota and, decrease interdental inflammation in interdental sites of healthy young adults.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of expression of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factors) in periodontal tissues of healthy, chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients: an immunohistochemical study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 784-788
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Inflammatory Status

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the vascularized supporting tissues of the teeth. Angiogenesis (neovascularization) is the budding of new capillaries and is thought to be an essential process in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases. Inflamed tissues (such as gingiva coincident in periodontal disease) have evidence of enhanced expression of inflammatory mediators, many of which can promote angiogenesis. Of the various cytokines and growth factors that are involved in angiogenesis, the most potent agent that acts specifically on vascular epithelium is Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. Even though angiogenesis is a prominent feature of both inflammation and healing, information about its role in periodontal lesions is limited. Hence the aim of the present study was the immunohistochemical evaluation of the expression of VEGF in the gingival tissues of chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients compared to the healthy controls. The present study was carried out in a total of 45 subjects with age range of 18-55 years, reporting to the Department of Periodontology, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore. Gingival tissue samples were collected from all the 45 subjects and categorized into three groups based on their clinical findings as follows: Group 1 (Healthy), Group II (Chronic Periodontitis), Group III (Aggressive Periodontitis). Following sample collection, immunohistochemical staining of tissues was carried out and evaluation was done to compare the grades of expression of VEGF in the three groups. The expression of VEGF in blood vessels was also quantitatively evaluated. The results were statistically analyzed using Kruskal Wallis ANOVA and Mann Whitney test. There was a statistically significant higher expression of VEGF in both chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis group as compared to the control group. Aggressive periodontitis cases showed higher grades of expression of VEGF compared to the chronic periodontitis cases and healthy controls. However, the difference in expression of VEGF was not statistically significant between the two forms of periodontitis. The presence of VEGF in both chronic and aggressive periodontitis clearly indicates the potent role played by VEGF as an inflammatory agent in the initiation and progression of periodontal diseases. Thus, VEGF might be used as a potential vascular marker for the assessment of severity and inflammatory status in periodontal disease.

scholarly journals MICRO BIOLOGY OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE- A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jageer Chinna ◽  
Jannat Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Campylobacter Rectus ◽  
Periodontal Tissues

Periodontal diseases are inflammatory and destructive diseases of the dentogingival complex associated with specific periodontal pathogens inhabiting periodontal pockets. Periodontal diseases lead to damage of the periodontal tissues supporting the teeth (bone and connective tissue) and affect the quality of life of the affected individuals: poor alimentation, tooth loss, social and financial problems. Although it is generally considered that the disease has multifactorial etiology, data show that some specific Gram-negative microorganisms in the subgingival plaque biofilm play a major role in the initiation and progression of periodontitis. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia form a consortium in the subgingival biofilm and are regarded as the principal periodontopathogenic bacteria. Other microorganisms that have been implicated as predominant species in the disease process are: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter rectus, Peptostreptococcus migros, Eikenella corrodens. In periodontitis, the initiation of the disease is the colonization of the tissues by these pathogenic species. The next step is bacterial invasion or invasion by pathogenic products into the periodontal tissues, interactions of bacteria or their substances with host cells, and this directly/indirectly causes degradation of the periodontium, resulting in tissue destruction. Keywords: periodontal disease, periodontal pathogens, microbiology.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA IN THE PLANNING OF ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY PERIODONTAL DISEASES

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Евгений Жулев ◽  
Evgeniy Zhulev ◽  
Алёна Кочубейник ◽  
Alena Kochubeynik ◽  
Наталья Круглова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Orthopedic Treatment ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Simultaneous Identification ◽  
Degrees Of Severity

Subject. Currently, about 530 types of microorganisms that live in supragingival and subgingival plaque have been discovered. To periodontal pathogens today carry a little more than ten types. The main role in the occurrence of periodontal disease is played by microorganisms included in the “red complex” of BANA+: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia. With the simultaneous identification of these types can be judged on the high risk of developing periodontal disease. Objective ― calculating the frequency of occurrence of various types of dentition defects of patients with varying severity of periodontal disease, establishing the connection between the severity of periodontal disease and the number of periodontal pathogenic microflora. Methodology. A clinical examination of a patients group which consists of 32 women and 10 men in the age from 38 to 66 years was conducted. Anamnesis was collected using a survey and a special questionnaire. External examination and examination of the oral cavity allowed to find the clinical conditions and anatomical features that leads to periodontal disease’s development. Results. Based on the data of clinical and radiological examination, the patients were divided into three groups according to the severity of periodontal disease. During the clinical examination, we calculated the frequency of occurrence of various types of dentition defects in patients with varying degrees of severity of periodontal disease. Findings. It has been found that the course of chronic generalized periodontitis depends on the number of types of aggressive forms of periodontal pathogens.

scholarly journals Effects of Hepatitis C Virus Elimination by Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents on the Occurrence of Oral Lichen Planus and Periodontal Pathogen Load: A Preliminary Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yumiko Nagao ◽  
Masahide Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Oral Lichen Planus ◽  
Periodontal Pathogen ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Oral Lichen

Objective. The association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and oral lichen planus (OLP) is well known, but the association with periodontal disease has been reported less often. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of periodontal bacteria and OLP lesions before and after HCV elimination. Subjects and Methods. The subjects were four OLP patients (mean age 72.5 years) with HCV infection. Six types of periodontal bacteria (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Fusobacterium nucleatum) were quantified in saliva, and changes in OLP were examined before and after elimination of HCV by antiviral therapy. Biochemical blood tests also were performed. Results. The total number of periodontal bacteria, the numbers of P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, T. denticola, and F. nucleatum, and the risk of presenting with the red-complex bacteria (P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and T.denticola), leading to periodontal disease progression, decreased after HCV elimination. OLP disappeared in three of the four patients and decreased in the other after sustained virological responses (SVRs). Conclusion. HCV elimination not only improved OLP lesions but also reduced the number of periodontal pathogens and the amount of red-complex periodontal pathogens.

Is There a Relationship Between Obesity and Periodontal Diseases?

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2652-2654
Author(s):  
Alina Ormenisan ◽  
Alexandra Balmos ◽  
Mihai Vlad Golu ◽  
Despina Bereczki Temistocle ◽  
Alina Baldean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probing Depth

Obesity, a common metabolic disorder, is a condition for the development of chronic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The present study evaluates the prevalence of periodontal diseases in Romania and their association with obesity, as a risk factor. This cross-sectional study included 170 subjects aged between 18-65, with healthy periodontal status, gingivitis, aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis. All subjects completed the questionnaire with independent variables: age, education, socio-economic status, oral hygiene habits, smoking habit, the presence of any systemic diseases. Periodontal examination included: plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, clinical attachment level. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were measured. Statistically significant correlations were found between periodontal diseases and BMI and WC: according to BMI 30.5% were obese, and 42.5% had high WC. 51.9% of obese participants had chronic periodontitis. Gingivitis and initial periodontitis do not influence BMI and WC, only the chronic periodontitis remained significantly associated with obesity. Our study suggests that there is an association between chronic periodontitis and BMI- defined obesity or WC, but further prospective studies should be carried on to establish the extent of it. The prevention and management of obesity may represent an approach to control periodontal health. Our study evaluates the prevalence of periodontal diseases in Romania and their association with obesity, as a risk factor.

scholarly journals Destructive Periodontitis Lesions are Determined by the Nature of the Lymphocytic Response

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gemmell ◽  
K. Yamazaki ◽  
G.J. Seymour
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils ◽  
Regulatory Role ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Acute Exacerbations ◽  
Periodontal Destruction

It is now 35 years since Brandtzaeg and Kraus (1965) published their seminal work entitled "Autoimmunity and periodontal disease". Initially, this work led to the concept that destructive periodontitis was a localized hypersensitivity reaction involving immune complex formation within the tissues. In 1970, Ivanyi and Lehner highlighted a possible role for cell-mediated immunity, which stimulated a flurry of activity centered on the role of lymphokines such as osteoclast-activating factor (OAF), macrophage-activating factor (MAF), macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF), and myriad others. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, attention focused on the role of polymorphonuclear neutrophils, and it was thought that periodontal destruction occurred as a series of acute exacerbations. As well, at this stage doubt was being cast on the concept that there was a neutrophil chemotactic defect in periodontitis patients. Once it was realized that neutrophils were primarily protective and that severe periodontal destruction occurred in the absence of these cells, attention swung back to the role of lymphocytes and in particular the regulatory role of T-cells. By this time in the early 1990s, while the roles of interleukin (IL)-1, prostaglandin (PG) E2, and metalloproteinases as the destructive mediators in periodontal disease were largely understood, the control and regulation of these cytokines remained controversial. With the widespread acceptance of the Th1/Th2 paradigm, the regulatory role of T-cells became the main focus of attention. Two apparently conflicting theories have emerged. One is based on direct observations of human lesions, while the other is based on animal model experiments and the inability to demonstrate IL-4 mRNA in gingival extracts. As part of the "Controversy" series, this review is intended to stimulate debate and hence may appear in some places provocative. In this context, this review will present the case that destructive periodontitis is due to the nature of the lymphocytic infiltrate and is not due to periodic acute exacerbations, nor is it due to the so-called virulence factors of putative periodontal pathogens.

scholarly journals Periodontal Diseases as Putative Risk Factors for Head and Neck Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Gopinath ◽  
Rohit Kunnath Menon ◽  
Sajesh K. Veettil ◽  
Michael George Botelho ◽  
Newell W. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis

Whether “periodontal disease” can be considered as an independent risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC) remains controversial. The aim of the current meta-analysis was to quantitatively assess this relationship in order to determine whether this represents a true risk factor, with implications for cancer prevention and management. PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were systematically searched. Selective studies were reviewed, and meta-analysis was performed to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) on eligible studies using a random effects model. In total, 21 eligible observational studies (4 cohorts and 17 case-controls) were identified for qualitative synthesis after a review of 1051 articles. Significant heterogeneity could be identified in measures utilized for reporting of periodontal disease. Meta-analysis performed on nine studies that employed objective measures for reporting periodontal disease demonstrated a significant association between periodontal disease and HNC [OR 3.17, 95% CI, 1.78–5.64]. A diseased periodontium represents an independent risk marker, and a putative risk factor, for HNC. Prospective studies with standardized measures of periodontal disease severity and extent, integrated with microbiological and host susceptibility facets, are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of this positive association and whether treatment of the former influences the incidence and outcomes for HNC.

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