An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure: Improving communication to reduce mortality during bioterrorism responses

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L. Brandeau, PhD ◽  
Gregory S. Zaric, PhD ◽  
Johannes Freiesleben, PhD ◽  
Frances L. Edwards, PhD ◽  
Dena M. Bravata, MD, MS
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Attack Detection ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Response Planning ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
The Right ◽  
Expected Mortality

Objective: To identify communication needs and evaluate the effectiveness of alternative communication strategies for bioterrorism responses.Methods: We provide a framework for evaluating communication needs during a bioterrorism response. Then, using a simulation model of a hypothetical response to anthrax bioterrorism in a large metropolitan area, we evaluate the costs and benefits of alternative strategies for communication during a response.Results: Expected mortality increases significantly with increases in the time for attack detection and announcement; decreases in the rate at which exposed individuals seek and receive prophylaxis; increases in the number of unexposed people seeking prophylaxis; and increases in workload imbalances at dispensing centers. Thus, the timeliness, accuracy, and precision of communications about the mechanisms of exposure and instructions for obtaining prophylaxis and treatment are critical. Investment in strategies that improve adherence to prophylaxis is likely to be highly cost effective, even if the improvement in adherence is modest, and even if such strategies reduce the prophylaxis dispensing rate.Conclusions: Communication during the response to a bioterror attack must involve the right information delivered at the appropriate time in an effective manner from trusted sources. Because the response system for bioterror communication is only fully operationalized once an attack has occurred, tabletop planning and simulation exercises, and other up-front investments in the design of an effective communication strategy, are critical for effective response planning.

A Review of 21 iPad Applications for Augmentative and Alternative Communication Purposes

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Alliano ◽  
Kimberly Herriger ◽  
Anthony D. Koutsoftas ◽  
Theresa E. Bartolotta
Keyword(s):  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Text To Speech ◽  
Reference Guide ◽  
Expressive Communication ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Ipad Applications

Abstract Using the iPad tablet for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) purposes can facilitate many communicative needs, is cost-effective, and is socially acceptable. Many individuals with communication difficulties can use iPad applications (apps) to augment communication, provide an alternative form of communication, or target receptive and expressive language goals. In this paper, we will review a collection of iPad apps that can be used to address a variety of receptive and expressive communication needs. Based on recommendations from Gosnell, Costello, and Shane (2011), we describe the features of 21 apps that can serve as a reference guide for speech-language pathologists. We systematically identified 21 apps that use symbols only, symbols and text-to-speech, and text-to-speech only. We provide descriptions of the purpose of each app, along with the following feature descriptions: speech settings, representation, display, feedback features, rate enhancement, access, motor competencies, and cost. In this review, we describe these apps and how individuals with complex communication needs can use them for a variety of communication purposes and to target a variety of treatment goals. We present information in a user-friendly table format that clinicians can use as a reference guide.

15K Multistage Fracturing Completion System Addresses Operational Challenges, Improves Production Performance and Cost Savings in Openhole Environments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasim Serdar Rodoplu ◽  
Adegbenga O. Sobowale ◽  
Jon E. Hanson ◽  
Beau R. Wright
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Additional Equipment ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
The Right

Abstract Multistage fracturing (MSF) ball drop completion systems have been utilized around the globe for effectively treating formations completed as open hole and cemented. Multiple, high-rate hydraulic fracturing stages are pumped through these completions while gaining efficiency during pumping operations. A challenge within the industry was developing systems that are capable of higher pressures (greater than 10k psi) while still being able to be deployed in challenging openhole environments with minimum equipment and intervention requirements. This paper will discuss the planning, deployment and fracturing execution operations of an improved version of one of these systems. To be able to effectively utilize any MSF completion system; formation properties, deployment environment, lateral length, openhole size, liner size, and tubing movements during fracturing should be thoroughly analyzed and equally considered. To create a reliable system, another important consideration is how the system will be deployed; a long string to surface, or will it be deployed as part of a liner hanger system? In the case of the latter, it should be compatible with the liner hanger system by accommodating multiple balls to set and release the hanger system and actuate the openhole packers. In tight formation environments, where treating pressure differentials reaches as high as 15,000 psi during fracturing operations, openhole packers that are capable of holding these pressures in challenging openhole conditions are needed. Not only the packers but also the remaining completion system components need to be capable of withstanding, including burst, collapse, and ball-to-ball seat differential while simultaneously accommodating the pressure with cooling and ballooning induced tubing movement caused by these high pressure treatments. Improving such a robust design with innovative solutions, such as dissolvable frac balls that can handle 15,000 psi differential, optimizes the overall process. The completion design, deployment, and subsequent fracturing operations on a well showcases how effective consideration of components operates as a system can create a reliable MSF system. It also demonstrates how close collaboration between reservoir management, production engineering, completion experts, and vendor results in a coordination of efforts that eliminates operational hazards, thus ensuring smooth operations. The successful deployment of an openhole MSF completion system that can handle 15,000 psi with dissolving frac balls and eliminating openhole anchors helped pave the way to deal with tighter formations in an efficient and cost-effective manner. With the help of this new technology, the well planners were able to address operational challenges that would have otherwise required additional equipment or would have limited deployment capabilities. The engineering approach and design to develop this completion system and utilization in the right candidate confirmed the benefit of the novel completion for field development options.

Supply chain talent: the missing link in supply chain strategy

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rameshwar Dubey ◽  
Angappa Gunasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supply Chain Strategy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Future Supply ◽  
The Right

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to build a supply chain talent framework and test it empirically. Design/methodology/approach – The present study adopts extant literature to understand current state of supply chain talent literature and used knowledge and skill constructs and their items from comprehensive literature review to develop an instrument to gather data. The data are further checked for assumptions and further examines the framework using confirmatory factor analysis. Findings – The findings support previous studies and establishes that knowledge-skill framework is scientifically a strong framework which can help to build current supply chain competencies among future supply chain managers. Research limitations/implications – This study considers only a limited number of variables that define the supply chain talent. The framework can be further developed and extended to different industries and countries. Practical implications – The study identifies knowledge-skill framework which can help to develop a training module for current or aspiring supply chain managers. It also can provide significant input to design university supply chain management program to meet future supply chain manager’s requirements. Social implications – Include providing the right education and training in support of supply chain operations and in turn serving the community with products and services on time and that too in a most cost effective manner. Originality/value – This paper develops a new framework for supply chain talent development. This framework has been empirically tested, and major findings and future research directions are highlighted.

scholarly journals The impact of psychosocial factors on claims outcomes in the group income protection market: findings from a prospective pilot study

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carly Van Den Akker
Keyword(s):  
Return To Work ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Income Insurance ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Disability Income ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Research suggests that psychosocial factors predict recovery better than biomedical factors alone in the normal population. However, no studies have been carried out in the disability income insurance setting, where the availability of financial cover is usually perceived as the main detractor of recovery and return to work.Swiss Re's clinical claims team in collaboration with the Research & Development team, conducted a 3 year prospective study to evaluate the role of psychosocial factors in recovery within a group income protection sample. Predictors of return to work were: beliefs about recovery and work, work ethic, coping, and self-efficacy. Interestingly, medical diagnosis alone and treatment did not predict recovery and return to work in this sample.Our objective was to conduct research to gain an understanding of psychosocial predictors in the insurance setting, and additionally to develop specific claims management strategies for our claims assessors to manage their claims more effectively through exploring the psychosocial barriers influencing on a claimant's absence, and providing adequate support at the right time, in a cost-effective manner.

scholarly journals Key Theoretical, Policy, and Implementation Experience Considerations for the Mexican ETS: Toward an Equitable and Cost-Effective Compliance Phase

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-31
Author(s):  
Blas L. Pérez Henríquez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Industrial Carbon ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
The Right

AbstractThis chapter presents a brief overview of the policy design and theoretical environmental economic principles that underpin the concept of emissions trading systems (ETS) as a policy approach to address climate change. It discusses basic environmental economic principles pertinent to the development of market-based solutions to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) and co-pollutants. The chapter serves as the technical basis for the broader discussion that this book as a whole presents on the launch of the pilot phase of the Mexican ETS on January 1, 2020. Understanding international program design experiences, theoretical principles, and implementing best practices is key to ensuring Mexico’s success in the transition from the pilot or learning phase to an operational ETS compliance system. This will ensure Mexico fulfills its national climate policy goals and nationally determined contributions (NDC) under the Paris Agreement in a cost-effective manner, while also providing compliance flexibility to the industrial sectors covered under the program. A well-designed ETS ultimately provides the right incentives for industrial carbon emission reductions to drive cost-effective abatement and clean innovation. Secondly, this chapter presents a more in-depth review of policy developments focusing specifically on key implementation lessons from the two most advanced ETS systems in operation to date: (1) the European Union ETS and (2) California’s cap-and-trade program. In short, this chapter outlines a set of key policy lessons and design parameters to support the transition from the pilot Mexican ETS to an operational compliance phase in a socially just, environmentally sound, and cost-effective manner.

A Regional Slocum Glider Network in the Mid-Atlantic Bight Leverages Broad Community Engagement

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Schofield ◽  
Josh Kohut ◽  
Scott Glenn ◽  
Julio Morell ◽  
Jorge Capella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Underwater Gliders ◽  
Response Planning ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Hands On ◽  
New Sensors ◽  
Ocean Observing ◽  
Broad Community ◽  
The U.S

AbstractAutonomous underwater gliders have proven to be a cost-effective technology for measuring the 3-D ocean and now represent a critical component during the design and implementation of the Mid-Atlantic Regional Ocean Observing System (MARCOOS), a Region of the U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System. The gliders have been conducting regional surveys of the Mid-Atlantic (MA) Bight, and during the 3 years of MARCOOS, the glider fleet has conducted 22 missions spanning 10,867 km and collecting 62,824 vertical profiles of data. In addition to collecting regional data, the gliders have facilitated collaboration for partners outside of MARCOOS. The existence of the MA glider observatory provided a unique test bed for cyber-infrastructure tools being developed as part of the National Science Foundation’s Ocean Observatory Initiative. This effort allowed the Ocean Observatory Initiative software to integrate the MARCOOS assets and provided a successful demonstration of an ocean sensor net. The hands-on experience of the MA glider technicians supported training and provided assistance of collaborators within the Caribbean Regional Association, also a region of the U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System, to assess the efficacy of gliders to resolve internal waves. Finally, the glider fleet has enabled sensor development and testing in a cost-effective manner. Generally, new sensors were tested within the MARCOOS domain before they were deployed in more extreme locations throughout the world’s oceans. On the basis of this experience, the goal of the MARCOOS glider team will be to expand the MA network in coming years. The potential of how an expanded network of gliders might serve national needs was illustrated during the 2010 Macondo Gulf of Mexico oil spill, where gliders from many institutions collected subsurface mesoscale data to support regional models and oil response planning. The experience gained over the last 5 years suggests that it is time to develop a national glider network.

scholarly journals The Role of Resource Mobilization Theory in Social Movement

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Akbar Golhasani ◽  
Abbas Hosseinirad
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Resource Mobilization ◽  
Organizational Goals ◽  
Resource Mobilization Theory ◽  
Mobilization Theory ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Optimum Utilization ◽  
The Right

Resource mobilization is the process of getting resource from resource provider, using different mechanisms to implement the organization‘s work for achieving the pre- determined organizational goals. It deals in acquiring the needed resources in a timely cost effective manner. Resource mobilization advocates upon having the right type of resource, at the right time, at right price with making right use of acquired resources thus ensuring optimum utilization of the same.

Improving Patient Safety and Patient–Provider Communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. Hurtig ◽  
Rebecca M. Alper ◽  
Karen N. T. Bryant ◽  
Krista R. Davidson ◽  
Chelsea Bilskemper
Keyword(s):  
Acute Care ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Provider Communication ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Patient Provider Communication ◽  
Acute Care Settings ◽  
Nurses Perceptions ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Many hospitalized patients experience barriers to effective patient–provider communication that can negatively impact their care. These barriers include difficulty physically accessing the nurse call system, communicating about pain and other needs, or both. For many patients, these barriers are a result of their admitting condition and not of an underlying chronic disability. Speech-language pathologists have begun to address patients' short-term communication needs with an array of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) strategies. Method This study used a between-groups experimental design to evaluate the impact of providing patients with AAC systems so that they could summon help and communicate with their nurses. The study examined patients' and nurses' perceptions of the patients' ability to summon help and effectively communicate with caregivers. Results Patients who could summon their nurses and effectively communicate—with or without AAC—had significantly more favorable perceptions than those who could not. Conclusions This study suggests that AAC can be successfully used in acute care settings to help patients overcome access and communication barriers. Working with other members of the health care team is essential to building a “culture of communication” in acute care settings. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9990962

An Exploratory Study on Augmentative and Alternative Communication Classroom Integration Training for Special Educators Who Work With Children With Complex Communication Needs in the Bahamas

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 991-1016
Author(s):  
Shameka Stanford ◽  
Ovetta Harris
Keyword(s):  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Special Educators ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
The Bahamas ◽  
Complex Communication Needs ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
Classroom Integration ◽  
And Training

Purpose In 2011, the United Nations estimated there were between 180 and 220 million youth with disabilities living around the world, and 80% of them resided in developing countries. Over the last 6 years, this number has increased significantly, and now, over 1 million people live in the Caribbean with some form of disability such as communication disorders resulting in complex communication needs (CCN). Method This publication discusses the benefits of an exploratory, descriptive, nonexperimental study on augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) classroom integration training for 8 special educators in the Bahamas who work with children with CCN. Results The results of this study revealed that 100% of the participants reported the study to be effective in increasing their knowledge and skill in the area of implementing AAC into their classrooms, enhancing their ability to team teach and incorporate AAC opportunities for all students with CCN within their classrooms, and increasing their knowledge and skill overall in the areas of AAC and CCN. Conclusion The findings highlight an important area of potential professional development and training that can be replicated in other English-speaking Caribbean territories focused on AAC classroom integration training program for special educators who teach students with CCN.

Developing an Effective Framework for the Augmentative and Alternative Communication Evaluation Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celeste R. Helling ◽  
Jamila Minga
Keyword(s):  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Complex Communication Needs ◽  
Expressive Communication ◽  
Communication Evaluation ◽  
Communication Needs

A comprehensive augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) evaluation is critical to providing a viable means of expressive communication for nonverbal people with complex communication needs. Although a number of diagnostic tools are available to assist AAC practitioners with the assessment process, there is a need to tailor the evaluation process to the specific communication needs of the AAC user. The purpose of this paper is to provide a basis for developing an effective and clinically driven framework for approaching a user-tailored AAC evaluation process.

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