scholarly journals Relationship between Attenuation of Impact Shock at High Frequency and Flexion-Extension of the Lower Extremity Joints during Downhill Running

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Ji-Seon Ryu ◽  
Suk-Hoon Yoon ◽  
Sang-Kyoon Park
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Downhill Running ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Impact Shock

Prototype design and size optimization of a hybrid lower extremity exoskeleton with a scissor mechanism for load-carrying augmentation

2014 ◽  
Vol 229 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunjie Miao ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
Dalei Pan
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Influence Coefficient ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Influence Coefficient Method ◽  
Prototype Design ◽  
Coefficient Method ◽  
Length Optimization ◽  
Scissor Mechanism

A hybrid lower extremity exoskeleton SJTU-EX which adopts a scissor mechanism as the hip and knee flexion/extension joint is proposed in Shanghai Jiao Tong University to augment load carrying for walking. The load supporting capabilities of a traditional serially connected mechanism and the scissor mechanism are compared in detail. The kinematic influence coefficient method of the kinematic and dynamic analysis is applied in the length optimization of the scissor sides to minimize the transmitting errors between the input and output motions in walking and the load capacities of different scissor mechanisms are illustrated. The optimization results are then verified by the walking simulations. Finally, the prototype of SJTU-EX is implemented with several improvements to enhance the working performances.

scholarly journals High-frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation as a Palliative Treatment for Patients with Low Back and Lower Extremity Radiated Chronic Pain

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alcobia-Diaz B ◽  
Luque-Perez R ◽  
Urda Martinez-Aedo A ◽  
Noriega-Bastos M ◽  
Dominguez-Esteban I ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Spinal Cord Stimulation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Palliative Treatment ◽  
Low Back

Timing of Lower Extremity Motions during Barefoot and Shod Running at Three Velocities

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigit De Wit ◽  
Dirk De Clercq
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Linear Method ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Relative Time ◽  
General Linear Method ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Male Subjects

This study investigates the timing differences between subtalar and knee joint movement of 9 male subjects while running barefoot and shod at three velocities. An alternative approach is used by dividing the pronation curve into 3 phases. Consequently, the timing of the maximum pronation phase was evaluated, not just the event of the maximum pronation value. Statistical differences were tested using the General Linear Method and paired t tests (p £.05), The extension of the knee starts both barefoot and shod significantly earlier than the resupination phase. Individual analysis shows that a larger time discrepancy between knee extension and the end of pronation mainly depends on the presence of bimodal pronation curves. The relative time differences significantly diminish with increased running velocity. Results suggest that by using this alternative approach, more detailed and useful information is available to describe the lime relationship between flexion-extension of the knee and pro-supination.

Nonlinear Dynamic Behaviour of the Intervertebral Disc

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Marini ◽  
Gerd Huber ◽  
Stephen J. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Flexion Extension

The intervertebral disc, like many collagen-based tissues, has a mechanical response which is highly nonlinear (1). This characteristic is due to both the arrangement and composition of the tissue constituents of the disc (2). Over the past decades several studies have reported the nonlinear response of the disc for different loading scenarios. In particular, past studies were focused on the quasi-static and low frequency (< 10Hz) response to pure and combined cyclic loading, such as axial compression, shear, flexion/extension moment (3–6). The information provided by these studies has been applied in several fields, from the validation of numerical models to the development of disc prostheses. However, such loading conditions are only partially representative of the in-situ load that the intervertebral disc normally experiences. High frequency dynamics stimuli, such as that experienced while driving a car on a rough surface or driving heavy industrial machinery, are also important. It is well known that long-term exposure to vibrational loading is detrimental to normal disc metabolism (7,8). Despite its relevance only a few studies have investigated the dynamic response of the disc to high frequency vibration (9,10) with sometimes different outcomes. In particular, no study has shown an asymmetric, nonlinear dynamic behavior of the system, even though it is evident in quasi-static testing — the well-known tension / compression asymmetry. This aspect is somehow neglected when building rigid body models of the upper body for impact simulation where a Kelvin-Voigt model with linear stiffness is normally used. The aim of this experimental study was therefore to investigate the nonlinear dynamic response of the intervertebral disc to high frequency loadings, taking different pre-loads and displacement amplitude into account.

A Perturbation Study of Lower Extremity Motion during Running

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbert Van Woensel ◽  
Peter R. Cavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Shoe Condition ◽  
Phase Profile ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Extremity Motion ◽  
Rearfoot Motion

The present study explored kinematic adaptation in the lower extremity to running in shoes with 10° valgus and varus midsole perturbations. Rearfoot motion and knee flexion/extension data on nine subjects were collected using a Selspot II system during treadmill running in the two test shoes and in a neutral shoe condition. Maximum pronation was significantly altered by an amount approximately the same as the shoe perturbation, but there was no substantial adaptation in the amount of knee flexion. From the rearfoot patterns it was inferred that time to maximum pronation may be an unreliable variable to describe the pattern of rearfoot motion; the two-phase profile using rearfoot velocity may be more useful. It was concluded that certain subtle sagittal plane kinematic adaptations in timing and velocity patterns did occur at the knee in response to the shoe perturbations.

A Convenient Flexion-Extension Leg Support for Nerve Surgery of the Lower Extremity

1946 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
Ivan W. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Nerve Surgery

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Lower Extremity Coupling Variability during an Unanticipated Cutting Maneuver

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine D. Pollard ◽  
Bryan C. Heiderscheit ◽  
Richard E.A. van Emmerik ◽  
Joseph Hamill
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Coordination Pattern ◽  
Vector Coding ◽  
Flexible System ◽  
Environmental Perturbations ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
M 12 ◽  
Coordination Patterns

The purpose of this study was to determine if gender differences exist in the variability of various lower extremity (LE) segment and joint couplings during an unanticipated cutting maneuver. 3-D kinematics were collected on 24 college soccer players (12 M, 12 F) while each performed the cutting maneuver. The following intralimb couplings were studied: thigh rotation (rot)/leg rot; thigh abduction-adduction/leg abd-add; hip abd-add/knee rot; hip rot/knee abd-add; knee flexion-extension/knee rot; knee flx-ext/hip rot. A vector-coding technique applied to angle-angle plots was used to quantify the coordination of each coupling. The average between-trial standard deviation of the coordination pattern during the initial 40% of stance was used to indicate the coordination variability. One-tailed t-tests were used to determine differences between genders in coordination variability for each coupling. Women had decreased variability in four couplings: 32% less thigh rot/leg rot variability; 40% less thigh abd-add/leg abd-add variability; 46% less knee flx-ext/knee rot variability; and 44% less knee flx-ext/hip rot variability. These gender differences in LE coordination variability may be associated with the increased incidence of ACL injury in women. If women exhibit less flexible coordination patterns during competition, they may be less able to adapt to the environmental perturbations experienced during sports. These perturbations applied to a less flexible system may result in ligament injury.

A method for determining lower extremity muscle-tendon lengths during flexion/extension movements

1990 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hawkins ◽  
M.L. Hull
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Flexion Extension

Application of transcutaneus electroneurostimulation in complex therapy and rehabilitation of diabetic neuropathic pain

10.12737/7217 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Аль-Замиль ◽  
M. Al-Zamil ◽  
Божко ◽  
S. Bozhko ◽  
Кудаева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽  
And Control ◽  
Low Amplitude

. In this article expediency of application of monophasic, high frequency and low amplitude transcutaneous neuroelectrostimulation in treatment of neuropathic pain in patients with diabetic distal polyneuropathy of lower extremity was proved. This study included 159 patients with acute distal neuropathic pain in lower extremity. In all patients di-abetic mellitus 2 type was diagnosed and clinical signs and symptoms of distal polyneuropathy were found. Comparative dynamics of clinical and electromyographic manifestations of diabetic distal polyneuropathy between basis and control groups were analyzed. 62 patients in control group undergone treatment by the Duloxetine 60 mg every day within 3 months. In basis group 97 patients in addition to the Duloxetine were treated by transcutaneous neuroelectrostimulation during 30 minutes per day after day for 15 days. This study showed that complex treatment by combination use of transcutaneous neuroelectrostimula-tion with central analgesic more effective than traditional analgesic therapy in treatment of neuropathic pain in patients with diabetic distal polyneuropathy.

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