scholarly journals Gender Differences in Lower Extremity Coupling Variability during an Unanticipated Cutting Maneuver

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine D. Pollard ◽  
Bryan C. Heiderscheit ◽  
Richard E.A. van Emmerik ◽  
Joseph Hamill
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Coordination Pattern ◽  
Vector Coding ◽  
Flexible System ◽  
Environmental Perturbations ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
M 12 ◽  
Coordination Patterns

The purpose of this study was to determine if gender differences exist in the variability of various lower extremity (LE) segment and joint couplings during an unanticipated cutting maneuver. 3-D kinematics were collected on 24 college soccer players (12 M, 12 F) while each performed the cutting maneuver. The following intralimb couplings were studied: thigh rotation (rot)/leg rot; thigh abduction-adduction/leg abd-add; hip abd-add/knee rot; hip rot/knee abd-add; knee flexion-extension/knee rot; knee flx-ext/hip rot. A vector-coding technique applied to angle-angle plots was used to quantify the coordination of each coupling. The average between-trial standard deviation of the coordination pattern during the initial 40% of stance was used to indicate the coordination variability. One-tailed t-tests were used to determine differences between genders in coordination variability for each coupling. Women had decreased variability in four couplings: 32% less thigh rot/leg rot variability; 40% less thigh abd-add/leg abd-add variability; 46% less knee flx-ext/knee rot variability; and 44% less knee flx-ext/hip rot variability. These gender differences in LE coordination variability may be associated with the increased incidence of ACL injury in women. If women exhibit less flexible coordination patterns during competition, they may be less able to adapt to the environmental perturbations experienced during sports. These perturbations applied to a less flexible system may result in ligament injury.

Influence of Previous Iliotibial Band Syndrome on Coordination Patterns and Coordination Variability in Female Runners

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 305-311
Author(s):  
Eric Foch ◽  
Clare E. Milner
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Transverse Plane ◽  
Iliotibial Band ◽  
Coordination Pattern ◽  
Vector Coding ◽  
Iliotibial Band Syndrome ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coordination Patterns ◽  
Ellipse Area

It is unknown if female runners who have sustained multiple iliotibial band syndrome occurrences run differently compared with runners who developed the injury once or controls. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if differences existed in coordination patterns and coordination variability among female runners with recurrent iliotibial band syndrome, 1 iliotibial band syndrome occurrence, and controls. Overground running trials were collected for 36 female runners (n = 18 controls). Lower extremity coordination patterns were examined during running via a vector coding analysis. Coordination variability was calculated via the ellipse area method. Separate 1-way (group) Kruskal–Wallis tests were performed to compare each coordination pattern and coordination variability. Lower extremity coordination between frontal plane hip–transverse plane hip, frontal plane pelvis–frontal plane thigh, and frontal plane thigh–transverse plane shank was similar among groups and so may not be related to the risk of iliotibial band syndrome. Runners with 1 iliotibial band syndrome occurrence demonstrated greater coordination variability for 2 of 3 couplings compared with both controls and runners with recurrent iliotibial band syndrome. Thus, the number of previous injury episodes may influence coordination variability in female runners with a history of iliotibial band syndrome.

Comparison of Lumbopelvic Coordination between Trunk Flexion and Extension

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 937-941
Author(s):  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Xiaopeng Ning
Keyword(s):  
Relative Phase ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Coordination Pattern ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Continuous Relative Phase ◽  
Phase Variability ◽  
Coordination Patterns ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Lumbopelvic coordination describes the relative contributions of lumbar and pelvis to the total trunk flexion/extension motion, which has been identified as a major influential factor to spinal loading. The current study investigated the differences in lumbopelvic coordination between trunk flexion and extension. Thirteen subjects performed pace-controlled trunk flexion/extension motions in the sagittal plane while lumbopelvic continuous relative phase and phase variability were quantified. The results demonstrated that compared with trunk extension, lumbopelvic continuous relative phase and phase variability were 28% and 117% greater in trunk flexion motion, respectively, which indicated a more anti-phase and unstable coordination pattern. Quantifying these coordination patterns helps identifying abnormal patterns and serves as normative benchmarks during low back pain rehabilitation.

Intralimb Joint Coordination Patterns of the Lower Extremity in Maximal Velocity Phase Sprint Running

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne J.R. Gittoes ◽  
Cassie Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Coordination Pattern ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Joint Coordination ◽  
Sprint Running ◽  
Joint Coupling ◽  
Plane Joint ◽  
Coordination Patterns ◽  
Coordinate Data

This study aimed to develop insight into the lower extremity joint coupling motions used in the maximal velocity phase of sprint running. Two-dimensional coordinate data were used to derive sagittal plane joint angle profiles of sprint running trials. Intralimb joint coupling motions were examined using a continuous relative phase (CRP) analysis. The knee-ankle (KA) coupling was more out of phase compared with the hip-knee (HK) coupling across the step phase (mean CRP: KA 89.9° HK 34.2°) and produced a lower within-athlete CRP variability (VCRP) in stance. Touchdown (TD) produced more out-of-phase motions and a larger VCRP than toe-off. A destabilization of the lower extremity coordination pattern was considered necessary at TD to allow for the swing-to-stance transition. The key role that the KA joint motion has in the movement patterns used by healthy athletes in the maximal velocity phase of sprint running was highlighted.

Segment Coordination Variability During Double Leg Bodyweight Squats at Different Tempos

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 725-731
Author(s):  
Adam C. King ◽  
Kelci B. Hannan
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Reliable Index ◽  
Movement Variability ◽  
Reliable Measure ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Vector Coding ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Coordination Patterns

AbstractThe aims of this study were twofold: 1) to examine lower extremity coordination during bodyweight squats performed at two different tempos, and 2) to establish a reliable measure of segment coordination variability. Eighteen subjects (10 F, 8 M) completed bodyweight squats at preferred (self-paced) and non-preferred (metronome-paced) tempos. A modified vector coding approach used kinematic data to compute absolute couplings patterns and coordination variability for three couplings (foot-shank, shank-thigh, thigh-trunk) in three planes of motion for the descent and ascent phases of a squat cycle. A coordination variability reliability equation was used to determine the number of squats needed for a reliable index of movement variability relative to total variability over 20 squats. Tempo did not significantly alter the absolute coordination patterns of any couplings. The reliability equation revealed that 5–9 squats were needed for a reliable coordination variability measure. Nine squats provided a reliable measure of coordination that is comparable to using 20 double leg squats in the calculation. Using nine squats ensures reliable calculations in the frontal, sagittal and transverse planes at preferred and non-preferred speeds. These results can be used to guide clinical evaluation of acceptable levels of movement variability during rehabilitation.

Weighted Walking Influences Lower Extremity Coordination in Children on the Autism Spectrum

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 1103-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Eggleston ◽  
Merrill R. Landers ◽  
Barry T. Bates ◽  
Ed Nagelhout ◽  
Janet S. Dufek
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Coordination Pattern ◽  
Gait Coordination ◽  
Coordination Patterns

There is sparse quantitative research regarding gait coordination patterns of children on the autism spectrum, though previous studies, relying only upon observational data, have alluded to characteristically poor movement coordination. This study compared walking with a weighted vest, a backpack carriage, and an unloaded walking condition on lower extremity coordination among 10 male children (aged 8–17 years) on the autism spectrum. All participants completed 15 gait trials in the following three conditions: (a) unloaded, (b) wearing a backpack weighted with 15% body mass, and (c) wearing a vest weighted with 15% body mass. We used continuous relative phase analysis to quantify lower extremity coordination and analyzed data through both group and single-subject comparisons. We used the Model Statistic to test for statistical significance at each of the normalized data points for each segment couple (thigh–leg, leg–foot, and thigh–foot). The first 10 and last 10 stride blocks were tested for possible accommodation strategies. Group comparisons revealed no coordination changes among the three conditions (likely due to insufficient statistical power), while single-subject comparisons exposed significant decreased variability in gait coordination patterns ( p < .05) in both loaded conditions, relative to the unloaded condition. These participants exhibited variable coordination patterns during the unloaded gait. When walking with loads, coordination pattern variability of the lower extremities was decreased. This finding suggests that walking while carrying or wearing heavy objects may reduce the number of potential motor pattern choices and thus decrease the overall variability of lower extremity movement patterns. Additional research with a larger and more diverse participant sample is required to confirm this conclusion.

Comparisons of Segment Coordination: An Investigation of Vector Coding

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Freedman Silvernail ◽  
Richard E.A. van Emmerik ◽  
Katherine Boyer ◽  
Michael A. Busa ◽  
Joseph Hamill
Keyword(s):  
Linear Analysis ◽  
Circular Data ◽  
Circular Statistics ◽  
Coordination Pattern ◽  
Movement Coordination ◽  
Vector Coding ◽  
Movement Organization ◽  
Coordination Patterns ◽  
Compressed Data ◽  
Group Comparisons

The development of a methodology to assess movement coordination has provided gait researchers a tool to assess movement organization. A challenge in analyzing movement coordination using vector coding lies within the inherent circularity of data garnered from this technique. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to determine if accurate group comparisons can be made with varying techniques of vector coding analyses. Thigh–shank coordination was analyzed using a modified vector coding technique on data from 2 groups of runners. Movement coordination was compared between groups using 3 techniques: (1) linear average completed with compressed data (0°–180°) and noncompressed data (0°–360°), (2) coordination phase binning analysis; and (3) a circular statistics analysis. Circular statistics (inferential) analysis provided a rigorous comparison of average movement coordination between groups. In addition, the binning analysis provided a metric for detecting even small differences in the time spent with a particular coordination pattern between groups. However, the linear analysis provided erroneous group comparisons. Furthermore, with compressed data, linear analysis led to misclassification of coordination patterns. While data compression may be attractive as a means of simplifying statistical analysis of inherently circular data, recommendations are to use circular statistics and binning methods on noncompressed data.

scholarly journals Assessment of Patterns and Variability in Lower Extremity Coordination Between Genders with Different Shoe Insole Stiffness During Jump-Landing Tasks

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Alirezaei Noghondar ◽  
Nahid Khoshraftar Yazdi
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Relative Phase ◽  
Coordination Pattern ◽  
Jump Landing ◽  
Joint Coupling ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Continuous Relative Phase ◽  
Coordination Patterns

AbstractPurpose. The study aims to examine how shoe insole cushioning can influence coordination pattern and variability in males and females during the landing phase of a jump-landing task.Methods. Twenty participants (10 males and 10 females) performed jump-landing tasks, and the continuous relative phase (CRP) and the variability of CRP in foot-shank and shank-thigh couplings were determined during the landing phase.Results. Women represented lower CRP and CRP variability of foot-shank coupling in non-insole conditions (p < 0.05). Shoe insole stiffness had no significant effect on CRP or variability in CRP (p > 0.05).Conclusions. Although females are characterised by lower coupling variability in non-insole conditions, they do have the capacity to achieve similar coordination patterns and variability as males, in soft and hard conditions. These findings suggest that with changes in the shoe insole, females can achieve similar joint coupling coordination patterns and variability as compared with males under soft and stiff conditions. In addition, as per this study, changes in shoe insole stiffness may not have an impact on coordinative strategies or variability of lower extremity joints couplings during landing.

Lower extremity coordination during walking in persons who are blind and sighted controls: A preliminary report

2020 ◽  
pp. 026461962094189
Author(s):  
Hunter J Bennett ◽  
Kevin A Valenzuela ◽  
Zachary A Sievert ◽  
Justin A Haegele
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Joint Motion ◽  
Camera Motion ◽  
Vector Coding ◽  
Level Walking ◽  
Group Frequency ◽  
Limb Coordination ◽  
Stepping Pattern ◽  
Coordination Patterns

Walking is the most common mode of physical activity for individuals who are blind. However, this population tends to be physically inactive, possibly due to alterations in coordination patterns during walking. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine lower extremity coordination patterns during walking in persons who are blind, and age-, sex-, and body mass index–matched sighted controls. Five persons who are blind performed level walking independently (with a cane) and with a human guide. Sighted controls walked at matched speeds for both conditions. A 10-camera motion capture system was used to record segmental kinematics during both walking conditions. Angle–angle plots and modified vector coding was used to present inter-limb (left/right thigh) and intra-limb (ankle–hip, ankle–knee, and knee–hip) couplings across both walking conditions for each group. Frequency of coupling patterns was compared between groups using Mann–Whitney’s U tests. Inter- and intra-limb coordination patterns were similar between both groups during independent and guided walking conditions (all p > .05). Angle–angle plots depict reduced segmental and joint motion in persons who are blind compared with sighted controls. Although the visual feedback system is integral for coordination during complex tasks, persons who are blind perform level walking with similar lower extremity coordination patterns to sighted controls. Reductions in spatiotemporal and range of motion are likely linked to a more hesitant stepping pattern due to unfamiliarity with the environment.

scholarly journals Altered trunk and lower extremity movement coordination after neuromuscular training with and without external focus instruction: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahram Sheikhi ◽  
Amir Letafatkar ◽  
Abbey C. Thomas ◽  
Kevin R. Ford
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Neuromuscular Training ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Movement Coordination ◽  
External Focus ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Segmental Coordination

Abstract Background This study sought to determine the effects of a 6-week neuromuscular training (NMT) and NMT plus external focus (NMT plus EF) programs on trunk and lower extremity inter-segmental movement coordination in active individuals at risk of injury. Methods Forty-six active male athletes (controls = 15, NMT = 16, NMT plus EF = 15) participated (age = 23.26 ± 2.31 years) in this controlled, laboratory study. Three-dimensional kinematics were collected during a drop vertical jump (DVJ). A continuous relative phase (CRP) analysis quantified inter-segmental coordination of the: (1) thigh (flexion/extension)—shank (flexion/extension), (2) thigh (abduction/adduction)—shank (flexion/extension), (3) thigh (abduction/adduction)—trunk (flexion/extension), and (4) trunk (flexion/extension)—pelvis (posterior tilt/anterior tilt). Analysis of covariance compared biomechanical data between groups. Results After 6 weeks, inter-segmental coordination patterns were significantly different between the NMT and NMT plus EF groups (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in CRP for trunk-pelvis coupling comparing between NMT and NMT plus EF groups (p = 0.134), while significant differences were observed CRP angle of the thigh-shank, thigh-trunk couplings (p < 0.05). Conclusions Trunk and lower extremity movement coordination were more in-phase during DVJ in the NMT plus EF compared to NMT in active individuals at risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Trial registration: The protocol was prospectively registered at UMIN_RCT website with ID number: UMIN000035050, Date of provisional registration 2018/11/27.

scholarly journals Coordination Pattern of the Thigh, Pelvic, and Lumbar Movements during the Gait of Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Takuya Ibara ◽  
Masaya Anan ◽  
Ryosuke Karashima ◽  
Kiyotaka Hada ◽  
Koichi Shinkoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Coordination Pattern ◽  
Rotational Movement ◽  
Vector Coding ◽  
Lateral Tilt ◽  
Angular Velocities

There are limited reports on segment movement and their coordination pattern during gait in patients with hip osteoarthritis. To avoid the excessive stress toward the hip and relevant joints, it is important to investigate the coordination pattern between these segment movements, focusing on the time series data. This study aimed to quantify the coordination pattern of lumbar, pelvic, and thigh movements during gait in patients with hip osteoarthritis and in a control group. An inertial measurement unit was used to measure the lumbar, pelvic, and thigh angular velocities during gait of 11 patients with hip osteoarthritis and 11 controls. The vector coding technique was applied, and the coupling angle and the appearance rate of coordination pattern in each direction were calculated and compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, with respect to the lumbar/pelvic segment movements, the patients with hip osteoarthritis spent more rates in anti-phase and lower rates in in-phase lateral tilt movement. With respect to the pelvic/thigh segment movements, the patients with hip osteoarthritis spent more rates within the proximal- and in-phases for lateral tilt movement. Furthermore, patients with osteoarthritis spent lower rates in the distal-phase for anterior/posterior tilt and rotational movement. Patients with hip osteoarthritis could not move their pelvic and thigh segments separately, which indicates the stiffness of the hip joint. The rotational movement and lateral tilt movements, especially, were limited, which is known as Duchenne limp. To maintain the gait ability, it seems important to pay attention to these directional movements.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document