scholarly journals An Applicability of Blockchain Model in Business use Case - A Technical Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anitha Premkumar
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Business Networks ◽  
Business Network ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
Electronic Communications ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Peer To Peer Network ◽  
Transaction Processing Systems

Business network brings many organizations close together to achieve their desired goals and profit from it. People from different organizations may or may not know each other but still can be part of a business network. A major challenge with these business networks is how to provide trust among people and data security. Blockchain is another means through which many organizations in the current digital age are overcoming these problems with ease. Blockchains have also changed the way the business transactions with clients take place. Blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger in a peer to peer network which can be public or private, and it enables individuals or companies to collaborate with each other to achieve trust and transparency between business and its clients. Many implementations of blockchain technology are widely available today. Each of them have their own strengths for a specific application domain. They can fundamentally alter electronic communications with a potential to affect all sorts of transaction processing systems. However, there are still many challenges of blockchain technology waiting to be solved such as scalability and adoptability. In this paper, we provide the knowledge on Blockchain technology and we present the applicability of blockchain in the business models and also discuss the relevant use cases for Banking and Supply Chain models.

scholarly journals Blockchain Beyond Cryptocurrency: Non-Fungible Tokens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Sakız ◽  
Ayşen Hiç Gencer
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Work Mechanism ◽  
Distributed Networking ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

Blockchain technology is a disruptive innovation with the potential to replace existing business models that rely on centralized systems and third parties for trust. Even if there are a lot of application areas, blockchain used primarily for cryptocurrencies. Satoshi Nakamoto implemented the first blockchain application and invented the world’s first digital currency which is named as Bitcoin in 2008. Fundementally Bitcoin relies on cryptographic “proof of work” mechanism, digital signatures, and peer to peer distributed networking layer in order to provide a distributed ledger holding transactions. In 2014, a second generation of blockchains allow to program and execute them over distributed networks such as Ethereum project. The code to program any asset stored in blockchain’s peer-to-peer network is called as "smart contract" and smart contracts gives a powerful tool to developers for decentralized applications. There are various types of tokens that anyone can built on top of Ethereum and by combining smart contracts and new tokens, this paved the way of possibility to build a wide range of decentralized projects. One of the disruptive blockchain based innovation impacting intellectual property is called non-fungible-tokens or NFTs firstly introcuced in late 2017 on Ethereum network. This research contends that blockchain and non-fungible tokens (NFTs) which are cryptographically unique, scarce, non-replicable digital assets created through smart contracts and provably digital collectible assets. Our objective is to give NFT taxonomy, review NFT platforms and discuss technical challenges as well as recent advances in tackling the challenges. Moreover, this paper also aims to point out the future directions for NFT technology.

Cryptocurrencies, Blockchain Technology and Sustainability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Sakız ◽  
E. Ayşen Hiç Gencer
Keyword(s):  
Decentralized Control ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Central Banking ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Digital Currency ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Peer To Peer Network ◽  
Made In

Satoshi Nakamoto is the name used by the presumed pseudonymous person or persons believed to be the inventor of cryptocurrency Bitcoin, came up with the concept of blockchain as a core component of it when published a white paper on “BitCoin: A peer to peer electronic cash system” in 2008, blockchain technology made its public debut. Bitcoin is generally considered the first decentralized cryptocurrency and since the release of it, over 6,000 altcoins have been created. Cryptocurrencies use decentralized control as opposed to well-known, traditional centralized digital currency and also central banking systems. The decentralized control of each cryptocurrency works through distributed ledger technology, typically a blockchain. Blockchain is a system that in which a record of transactions made in cryptocurrencies are maintained across several computers/servers that are linked in a peer-to-peer network. Blockchain based applications provides many opportunities to create a more sustainable world. This paper contribute to the discussion on future avenues for sustainability especially in terms of cryptocurrencies and blockchain based platforms and services.

The Application of the Blockchain Technology in Voting Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Jun Huang ◽  
Debiao He ◽  
Mohammad S. Obaidat ◽  
Pandi Vijayakumar ◽  
Min Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Voting Systems ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Formal Expression ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Peer To Peer Network ◽  
Insight Into

Voting is a formal expression of opinion or choice, either positive or negative, made by an individual or a group of individuals. However, conventional voting systems tend to be centralized, which are known to suffer from security and efficiency limitations. Hence, there has been a trend of moving to decentralized voting systems, such as those based on blockchain. The latter is a decentralized digital ledger in a peer-to-peer network, where a copy of the append-only ledger of digitally signed and encrypted transactions is maintained by each participant. Therefore, in this article, we perform a comprehensive review of blockchain-based voting systems and classify them based on a number of features (e.g., the types of blockchain used, the consensus approaches used, and the scale of participants). By systematically analyzing and comparing the different blockchain-based voting systems, we also identify a number of limitations and research opportunities. Hopefully, this survey will provide an in-depth insight into the potential utility of blockchain in voting systems and device future research agenda.

scholarly journals Using blockchain technology in IoT manufacture environment for intelligence prediction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
HongLing Liu ◽  
Yuqiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Traditional Architecture ◽  
Edge Node ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Hard Disk Space ◽  
Industrial Iot ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Network Transmission ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

Abstract Blockchain technology has become more important in recent years in Internet of Things (IoT) manufacturing. Many IoT manufacturing factories have successively invested in the blockchain architecture in the system to manage the data of the IoT manufacturing system for intelligence prediction. The blockchain-based system architecture can ensure the process of data transmission and preservation. However, the use of storage space in industrial IoT systems using blockchain architecture will become a major challenge. Since the blockchain itself is based on the concept of a peer-to-peer network, any node must hold complete blockchain information. When there are thousands of nodes, the cost of hard disk space for storing these data will increase drastically as the number of nodes increases. In addition, newly added working nodes must also copy the original complete blockchain information, and will increase in expansion costs. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposed a blockchain structure to reduce the space and network transmission costs. The architecture divides the traditional blockchain into two parts, which are divided into private blockchain and public blockchain according to the edge and the cloud. Each workshop will manage its own private blockchain, and the cloud will manage itself public blockchain. Under the proposed structure, each working node only needs to maintain the blockchain at its edge node, and does not need to communicate with other edge node. The experimental results, it can effectively intelligence predict the space cost of node expansion, and it can also avoid the unnecessary network communication overhead caused by the traditional architecture. It can improve the space used of blockchain and reduce the network transfer time.

scholarly journals A Cross-National Comparative Policy Analysis of the Blockchain Technology Between the USA and China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu-Chi Kuo ◽  
Joseph Z. Shyu
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Policy Tools ◽  
Policy Planning ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Cross National ◽  
Comparative Policy

Blockchain technology can achieve decentralization, multi-party verification, anti-tampering, anonymity, traceability of transactions, and the application of distributed ledger. Countries around the world continue to seek the blockchain business models, technologies and applications, and have different visions and policies for the development of blockchain. This study conducts a comparative policy framework of theoretical analysis of the blockchain technology between the USA and China. Using the innovative policy tools proposed by Rothwell and Zegveld, the above mentioned governments are analyzed from the viewpoint of twelve policy tools. The results show that the USA and China all prefer to use “Environmental-side” policy. The USA has paid more attention to “Legal and regulatory”, “Public services” and “Procurement”. China has the highest proportion of policies in “Political tools”, followed by “Legal & regulatory”, while “Scientific and technical”, “Education” and “Overseas agent” come in third . The blockchain technology has developed vigorously among industries and its applications have gradually diversified. The results are provided to various stakeholders as a reference for policy planning.

scholarly journals Blockchain Technology and It’s Applications in E-Governance Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 5795-5802
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Data Structure ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

Blockchain Technology is one of the most popular technologies of present days. This technology has the capability to eliminate the requirement of third party to validate the transactions over the Peer-to-Peer network. Due to various features of Blockchain like smart contract, consensus mechanism, network transactions are completed securely, efficiently and timely. This technology is very useful in many areas including medical, IoT, e-Governance services, smart cities, taxation, supply chain, banking etc. In this paper, we discuss the Blockchain Technology in detail, its data structure, open source platform like Ethereum and Hyperledger, technical aspects of this technology, possible applications of this technology, challenges and limitations in adaptation of this technology.

scholarly journals Strangely mined bitcoins: Empirical analysis of anomalies in the bitcoin blockchain transaction network

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0258001
Author(s):  
María Óskarsdóttir ◽  
Jacky Mallett
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Network Science ◽  
Significant Evidence ◽  
Network Measures ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Degree Correlation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

The blockchain technology introduced by bitcoin, with its decentralised peer-to-peer network and cryptographic protocols, provides a public and accessible database of bitcoin transactions that have attracted interest from both economics and network science as an example of a complex evolving monetary network. Despite the known cryptographic guarantees present in the blockchain, there exists significant evidence of inconsistencies and suspicious behavior in the chain. In this paper, we examine the prevalence and evolution of two types of anomalies occurring in coinbase transactions in blockchain mining, which we reported on in earlier research. We further develop our techniques for investigating the impact of these anomalies on the blockchain transaction network, by building networks induced by anomalous coinbase transactions at regular intervals and calculating a range of network measures, including degree correlation and assortativity, as well as inequality in terms of wealth and anomaly ratio using the Gini coefficient. We obtain time series of network measures calculated over the full transaction network and three sub-networks. Inspecting trends in these time series allows us to identify a period in time with particularly strange transaction behavior. We then perform a frequency analysis of this time period to reveal several blocks of highly anomalous transactions. Our technique represents a novel way of using network science to detect and investigate cryptographic anomalies.

scholarly journals KOMPLEKSITAS MODEL BISNIS ADAPTIF BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL DAN JARINGAN BISNIS INTERNASIONAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Husni Mubarok
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Business Model ◽  
International Business ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Organization Design ◽  
Business Networks ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Business Network

This paper develops a complexity of adaptive business modelson digital technology and international business network towards a sustainable competitive advantage. Furthermore, this paper aims to integrated the concept of adaptive organizational design with complex business models based on digital technology and and international business network. Adaptive organization design should change consistently with changing technological, ecological, economic, social, digital technology and international business networks.Theoretical basis of the concept of business model and relate it to elements of business model, digital technology and international business network. The complexity of adaptive business models based on digital technology emphasizes the importance of building change, international business networks, developing complex and adaptive organizations for innovation in achieving sustainable competitive advantage. Keywords:complexity,adaptive,technology<br /><br />

scholarly journals Bitcoin mining, the way to process transaction information or the way to make money?

INSIST ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Jiangdong Cao ◽  
Wei Cao
Keyword(s):  
Decentralized System ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Crypto Currency ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Network Communications ◽  
Reward Mechanism ◽  
Peer To Peer Network ◽  
Entire Network ◽  
The Way

Bitcoin is a crypto currency introduced by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008. It has the features of decentralization cross-border and fixed total amount and has become one of the most widely used crypto-currencies. Bitcoin, as a new digital currency system, innovatively makes the use of cryptographic elements and consensus mechanisms and builds up a secure decentralized system. The Blockchain, as the core of Bitcoin, uses peer-to-peer network communications and backs up transaction data in every node of the system, thus creating a huge distributed public book.  It is essentially a decentralized distributed ledger database, and the decentralization means that the transaction is broadcast to the entire network, where everyone is involved in book keeping. In order to make every participant in the Blockchain willing to participate in the bookkeeping, the reward mechanism of the Bitcoin system is mining. This article first introduces the concept of Blockchain technology, then expounds the principle and the operation mechanism of the Bitcoin and the Bitcoin mining principle, introduces an example of Bitcoin mining in-depth study and analysis, finally, summarize and prospect the development of the Bitcoin mining.

scholarly journals Directed Acyclic Graph-based Distributed Ledgers – An Evolutionary Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6096-6103
Keyword(s):  
Directed Acyclic Graph ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Acyclic Graphs ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Direct Acyclic Graphs ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

Blockchain platforms like Bitcoin and Ethereum have introduced a distributed and decentralized cryptocurrency system with no third-party intermediation required. These peer to peer network systems allows Internet users to directly transact with each other. However due to the heavy emphasis on decentralization, scalability has taken a back seat. It has also become a key issue in the wider adoption of these technologies. The change to the underlying data organizing structure to Direct Acyclic Graphs (DAG) of the distributed ledger, has significantly increased transaction scalability. In this paper, we analyse some of the Distributed Ledger Technologies that use DAGs and have shown marked improved in transaction performance without weakening security.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document