scholarly journals Recent Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Salmonella Isolates in A Tertiay Care Hospital Lahore

Esculapio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Hina Bukhari ◽  
Tayyeba Komal ◽  
Raana Akhtar ◽  
Sami Ullah Mumtaz ◽  
Iqra Waheed
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Objective: To determine the recent antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of salmonella isolates (typhi and paratyphi) in a tertiary care hospital of Lahore. Methods: It is cross sectional retrospective study conducted out in King Edward Medical University(Pathology deptt)/Mayo Hospital Lahore.The study period is six months from May 2019 to October 2019(Peak months of Typhoid fever).During this six months study period, total of 4284 samples for blood culture were received that were inoculated on the macConkey and blood agar plates.The growths obtained were then processed through biochemical profiling and analytical profile index(API).The Kirby Bauer technique was used for antibiotic susceptibility testing and reporting was done on the basis of clinical laboratory standard institute(CLSI). Results: During these six months, total 4284 blood samples were inoculated, out of which 433 growths were obtained. There were 84 strains of salmonella typhi isolated. Sensitivity pattern of different antibiotics showed that Azithromycin was sensitive to 70 (83.3%) isolates, imipenem in 72 (85.7%), ciprofloxacin to 56 (66.7%), gentamycin to 48 (57.1%), ceftriaxone to 45 (53.6%), cefepime to 20 (23.8%), chloramphenicol to 12 (14.3%) while ampicillin was least sensitive i.e. 8 (9.5%) isolates. There were 24 MDR(multidrug resistant) and 12 were XDR(extensive drug resistant) strains. We also found out that resistance to azithromycin drug is also emerging as 70 out of 84 strains were sensitive while remaining 14 were resistant. Conclusion: According to recent antibiotic susceptibility against salmonella typhi, the most sensitive drugs are Carbapenems (imipenem or meropenem) these days. Second sensitive antibiotic is azithromycin. Key Words: Antimicrobial susceptibility, Salmonella isolates, Carbapenems, Azithromycin. How to cite: Bukhari H., Komal T., Akhtar R., Mumtaz U.S., Waheed I., Recent Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Salmonella Isolates in A Tertiay Care Hospital of Lahore. Esculapio 2021;17(01):45-48

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Pseudomonas Species Isolated from Various Clinical Samples at a Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Rabin Gyawali ◽  
Ram Bahadur Khadka ◽  
Basudha Shrestha ◽  
Sarita Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Pseudomonas Species ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Considerable increase in the prevalence and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas has been observed with towering morbidity and mortality. As a consequence of the haphazard use of antimicrobials, the spread of antimicrobial resistance is now a global issue. This study aimed to access the distribution rate and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Pseudomonas species isolated from various clinical specimens in Kathmandu Model Hospital, Nepal. During the study period, 1252 samples were collected, cultured and the organism was isolated and identified. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using the modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. Out of 1252 samples, 28 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas species were isolated. The highest number of Pseudomonas spp. was isolated from swab samples that included pus, ear, and wound (46.4 %). Pseudomonas spp. demonstrated marked resistance against cefixime (96.4 %) and showed higher sensitivity to piperacillin/tazobactam (92.9 %). The result showed pus, wound exudates, ear discharges samples exhibit Pseudomonas as common etiology of infection. Pseudomonas spp. demonstrated highest sensitivity against piperacillin/tazobactam, amikacin, meropenem, gentamycin. The steady resistance of Pseudomonas spp. to most of the antibiotics, necessitates these drugs to be confined to extreme infections and hospital intensive care units to circumvent the speedy emergence of resistant strains.

scholarly journals Sensitivity Pattern of Salmonella Typhi from Blood Culture in Paediatric Population

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Current Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: The bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar typhi causes typhoid fever which is a life-threatening systemic infection that mainly occurs in developing countries of the world and remains a major public health issue. Paratyphoid fever is caused by Salmonella enterica serovars Paratyphi A and B and (infrequently C). Appropriate and immediate antimicrobial therapy is required for the prevention of complications and mortality due to enteric fever. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the current sensitivity pattern of Salmonella typhi so that appropriate antibiotics can be initiated on time. Objective: To determine the sensitivity pattern of Salmonella typhi in enteric fever among the pediatric population visiting a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried at the Department of Pediatrics in National Institute of Child Health Karachi from 13-12-2019 to 13-06-2020 after acquiring ethical approval from the hospital committee. There were 149 children aged 3-12 years of either gender diagnosed with enteric fever selected for this study. Patients' information was collected on pre-designed proforma. Blood of five milliliters quantity was drawn and sent to the pathology department within 12 hours of the admission. Salmonella typhi was identified by biochemical testing of the suspicious non-lactose fermenting colonies. Mueller Hinton Agar medium was used for testing antibiotic sensitivity. The sensitivity of the drug was interpreted as Sensitive, Intermediate and Resistant based on inhibition zone size. Results: The average age of the children was 5.56±2.39 years. Sensitivity for meropenem, azithromycin was 100% and 93.3% respectively while the sensitivity of ciprofloxacin was 53.7%. Ampicillin, Co-trimoxazole, Chloramphenicol and Ceftriaxone were more than 80% resistant. Conclusion: Our study confirms the sensitivity for meropenem, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin. Ampicillin, Co-trimoxazole, Chloramphenicol and Ceftriaxone showed higher resistance. This study emphasizes the need for continuous evaluation and judicious use of antimicrobials, considering the ever-changing antibiogram.

scholarly journals CLINICAL AND BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE IN NEONATAL SEPTICEMIA AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN IN A RURAL TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Pada Dutta ◽  
Nitin Gyaras Puria
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Neonatal Septicemia ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Neonatal sepsis is an important cause of morbidity & mortality among NICU graduates. The etiology of neonatal septicemia has variations depending upon various customs and practices in the perinatal and neonatal period and geographical area. Therefore, knowledge of microbial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility is very important for management of neonatal sepsis. The aim of our study is to determine the bacteriological profile of neonatal septicemia and the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the NICU of Department of Pediatrics, KD Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre Mathura (U.P.) among 100 neonates from july 2019 to December 2019. Two ml of venous blood was taken from each neonate & cultured by automated BacT/Alert & VITEK2 method for rapid isolation & sensitivity test. A structured proforma was used to gather information for baseline features like age, gender, birth weight, gestational age, mode of delivery of the neonate and age of onset of illness. Result: In the present study, both Gram-negative & Gram-positive organisms are responsible for neonatal sepsis. Klebsiella pneumoniae was found to be the predominant pathogen followed by Staphylococcus aureus. Most organisms are multi-drug resistant. Conclusion: Cefotaxim, amikacin, meropenam and vancomycin were found useful in treating neonatal septicemia and hence incorporated in our institutional antibiotic policy for use in NICU. Authors recommend an effective infection-control programme, regular antibiotic sensitivity surveillance, encouragement of rational antibiotic use. It will reduce nosocomial infections and development of bacterial resistance. Keywords: Neonatal sepsis, antimicrobial susceptibility, Klebsiella, antibiotic susceptibility surveillance.

scholarly journals Aerobic bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of pus isolates from tertiary care hospital in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 842-848
Author(s):  
Sukanya Sudhaharan ◽  
Padmaja Kanne ◽  
Padmasri Chavali ◽  
Lakshmi Vemu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns

Introduction: Pyogenic infections are an important cause of sepsis. These infections are difficult to treat because of the pathogens with increasing antibiotic resistance. It is important to know the pathogens causing the infections and its antibiotic susceptibility for proper management of the patients. Methodology: A retrospective analysis of 1428 culture positive pus and tissue samples received in the department of microbiology from various departments in the hospital between January 2012 to 2017 was performed. Data regarding the pathogen isolated and its antimicrobial susceptibility were collected and analyzed. The specimens were primarily processed, as per standard methods. Identification and susceptibility testing was done using the Vitek-2C system. Results: Among the samples males outnumbered females (M: F-2.5:1) and the median age was 47 years. The total number of patients were 1428 with total number of isolates being 1525 as in our study monomicrobial infections were seen in 93.2% (1331/1428) patients whereas combined infections with growth of two pathogens in 6.8% (97/1428). Gram-negative bacilli were isolated in 68.3% (1042/1525). Among the Gram-negative bacilli Escherichia coli was the major pathogen isolated (38.6%, 403/1042). Gram positive organisms were isolated in 31.6% (483/1525) of cases and Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant organism isolated (91.7%, 443/483). Rare pathogens like Burkholderia pseudomallei in 3 patients and Nocardia in one patient were also isolated. Conclusion: This study emphasizes to understand the common organisms isolated from wound infections and it helps in empirical treatment of patients based on antibiotic susceptibility patterns.

scholarly journals Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella species isolated from various clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital Coimbatore

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4886
Author(s):  
Vijayashree V. ◽  
Saikeerthana D. ◽  
Prabha P.
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: The genus Klebsiella of Enterobacteriaceae family is ubiquitous in nature. They cause many nosocomial infections like pneumonia, urinary tract infections, wound infections, bacteremia and septicemia. Multidrug resistance is seen in Klebsiella which serves as the most common cause of increased morbidity and mortality. This study reveals the prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella species from various clinical samples. The primary objectives are as follows: To isolate and characterize Klebsiella species from various clinical samples. To study the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella isolates.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in our tertiary care hospital during the period from August 2019 to October 2019. A total of 3521 samples were tested during this period. The samples include blood, sputum, urine, and pus.Results: Out of the total samples tested,1106 samples were showing the growth of the organisms. Among this,351 were identified as Klebsiella species and the highest rate of isolation of Klebsiella species is from the sputum sample and also the same was reported high in medical wards. The study also shows that the isolation of Klebsiella species shows male preponderance when compared to females. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern was done by Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method and the sensitivity was noted to be higher to amikacin and ciprofloxacin.Conclusions: Thus, this study shows the prevalence rate of Klebsiella species and sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella, which may help select appropriate antibiotics and prevent overuse and misuse of antibiotics.

Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bloodstream Salmonella Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Dhaka

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafsa Afroz ◽  
Md. Manjur Hossain ◽  
Md. Fakruddin ◽  
Md. Afzal Hossain ◽  
Zahed Uddin Mahmood Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Salmonella Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

scholarly journals Antibiogram of Salmonella Isolates from Blood with an Emphasis on Nalidixic Acid and Chloramphenicol Susceptibility in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Coastal Karnataka: A Prospective Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 074-077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Kumar Shetty ◽  
Ichlampady Nagaraj Shetty ◽  
Zevita Venisha Furtado ◽  
Beena Antony ◽  
Rekha Boloor
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
First Line ◽  
Periodic Analysis ◽  
Paratyphi B

ABSTRACT Background: Enteric fever is caused by the serotypes Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Paratyphi A, Salmonella Paratyphi B and Salmonella Paratyphi C. After emergence of multidrug resistant Salmonellae Ciprofloxacin, a fluorquinolone antibiotic was the first-line therapy. Treatment failure was observed with Ciprofloxacin soon and such strains showed in-vitro resistance to Nalidixic acid. Recent reports suggest re-emergence of Chloramphenicol sensitive strains and increasing Nalidixic acid resistance. This study is aimed at detecting the current trend in the antibiogram of Salmonella isolates from blood culture in coastal Karnataka, with an emphasis on antibiotic susceptibility of Nalidixic acid and Chloramphenicol and evaluate, if there is a need to modify the strategies in the antibiotic therapy for enteric fever. Materials and Methods: Blood samples received for culture in the laboratory between June 2009 and August 2011 was cultured in Brain Heart infusion broth, bile broth or in a commercial BACTEC culture media. The growth from blood cultures were processed for identification and antibiotic susceptibility as per standard methods. Antibiotic susceptibility for Ampicillin, Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone and Nalidixic acid were noted. Results: Out of 9053 blood culture specimens received, Salmonella was isolated from 103 specimens. There were 85 Salmonella Typhi isolates, 16 Salmonella Paratyphi A and two Salmonella Paratyphi B. Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A showed the highest resistance to Nalidixic acid. Salmonella Typhi showed highest susceptibility to Ceftriaxone and Salmonella Paratyphi A to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole and Chloramphenicol. Two isolates were multidrug resistant. One Salmonella Paratyphi A was resistant to Ceftriaxone. Conclusion: Routine screening of Nalidixic acid susceptibility is practical to predict fluorquinolone resistance in Salmonella and preventing therapeutic failure while treating with it. It is worthwhile to consider replacing fluorquinolones with Chloramphenicol or Ceftriaxone as the first line of therapy for enteric fever. Periodic analysis of Salmonella antibiogram should be done to formulate the best possible treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Multidrug-resistant urinary tract isolates of escherichia coli: Frequency and patient demographics in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 335-340
Author(s):  
Salman Azhar ◽  
Muhmmad Wasif Baig ◽  
Shahid Rasool ◽  
Rizwan Rasool Khan ◽  
Talha Munir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major burden to the health care as it is estimated that around 150 million UTIs occur yearly worldwide. Enterobacteriaceae are the most common agent causing serious urinary tract infections; and MDR cases are increasing day by day. Objectives: To determine the frequency and patient demographics of multidrug resistant urinary tract isolates of Escherichia Coli in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Study Design: Retrospective cross sectional study. Setting: Medicine Department of Madinah Teaching Hospital / The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad. Period: From May 2016 to Sep 2018. Material & Methods: 187 patients of age 15 to 90 years with positive E. coli on urine culture and sensitivity were included in this Retrospective cross sectional study. All those patients with history of dysuria (pain during urination) or frequent urination (more than 7 times per day) were advised urine complete analysis and those with >5 WBCs or pus cells /HPF or having positive for leukocyte esterase and/or nitrite, were advised urine culture and sensitivity. Main outcome variable was the frequency of MDRE cases among the culture positive E. coli UTI patients. Results: Among all the cases of E. coli UTI, frequency of MDRE UTI was 66.8% (n=125) and rest 33.2% (n= 62) cases were not MDR UTI. 97.3% patients were resistant to lactam antibiotics, 95.7% were resistant to quinolones and 68.4% were resistant to aminoglycosides.

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